GB/T 20850-2025Safety of machinery - Guidelines for the application of machinery safety standards (English PDF)

National Standard of the People's Republic of China

ICS

13.110

Classification

J 09

Replacing

GB/T 20850-2014

Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of China

Contents

• Preface
• Introduction
• 1 Scope
• 2 Normative references
• 3 Terms and Definitions
• 4 Abbreviations
• 5 Rules for drafting machinery safety standards
• 6 Classification of machinery safety standards
• 6.1 Overview
• 6.2 Category A standards (basic safety standards)
• 6.3 Category B standards (general safety standards)
• 6.4 Category C Standards (Machinery Product Safety Standards)
• 6.5 Differences between Class C and Class B standards
• 7 Applying machinery safety standards to reduce risks in machines
• 7.1 Steps in applying machinery safety standards
• 7.2 Steps, approaches and processes to achieve risk reduction
• 7.3 Application of relevant Class B standards
• 8 Safety distance and approach speed
• 8.1 General Principles
• 8.2 Safety distance and minimum spacing
• 8.3 Approach speed
• 8.4 Calculation of minimum distance
• 9 Smart Security
• 9.1 Risk Warning
• 9.2 Dynamic safety distance
• 9.3 Others
• 10 Protective devices
• 11 Protective device
• 11.1 Overview
• 11.2 Interlocking device
• 11.3 Two-Hand Control Device (THCD)
• 11.4 Sensitive Protective Equipment (SPE)
• 11.5 Enabling Devices
• 11.6 Hold-to-Run Controls, Disconnects, Limiting Devices, and Limited-Motion Controls
• 12 Supplementary protective measures
• 12.1 Emergency stop device
• 12.2 Fixed facilities for access to machinery
• 12.3 Hazardous Energy Control
• 13 Safety features
• 13.1 Emergency stop function
• 13.2 Interlocking function
• 13.3 Two-handed control function
• 13.4 Enabling Function
• 14 Electrical equipment
• 15 Fluid power systems and their components
• 16 Ergonomics
• 16.1 Terminology and general principles
• 16.2 Human body dimensions
• 16.3 Accessible surfaces
• 16.4 Display
• 16.5 Auditory, visual and speech signals
• 16.6 Human characteristics
• 17 Emissions of harmful substances
• 17.1 Reducing the risks to health from hazardous substances emitted by machinery
• 17.2 Emissions of airborne hazardous substances
• 18 Risks from mechanical radiation
• 19 Fire, ignition hazards and explosions
• 19.1 Fire Prevention and Protection
• 19.2 Ignition Hazard
• 19.3 Explosion prevention and protection
• 20 Noise
• 21 Mechanical vibration
• 21.1 Whole body vibration
• 21.2 Hand-transmitted vibration
• 22 Electromagnetic compatibility
• Appendix B (Informative) List of Category A Standards
• Appendix C (Informative) List of Category B Standards
• Appendix D (Informative) Overview of Mechanical Electrical Safety Requirements
• Appendix E (Informative) Ergonomic Considerations
• Appendix F (informative) List of standards related to noise
• References