GB 23726-2009Regulation for radiation environmental monitoring in uranium mine and mill (English PDF)

4.1 Monitoring purposes and requirements

4.1.1 monitoring purposes Timely understand and master the environmental pollution situation and pollution trends; Analyzing comparison with the control point source pollution and risk may cause Harm; accumulated monitoring data provide the basis for environmental management.

4.1.2 Monitoring Requirements

a) monitoring the content should be determined according to the characteristics of the project, the type of monitoring, and evaluation of three key environmental characteristics;

b) monitoring program should be carried out to optimize the design, with the accumulated experience, and constantly improve the monitoring program; Using a predetermined standard methods

c) Sample collection, pretreatment and monitoring methods;

d) based on the engineering characteristics, type of contaminant, the degree of pollution and environmental quality conditions and other factors, a targeted selection of a non-radioactive substance Quality monitoring, such as heavy metals, toxic and hazardous chemical substances.

4.1.3 Monitoring type

a) The background investigation;

b) environmental monitoring;

c) emergency monitoring;

d) decommissioning monitoring.

4.2 Monitoring Sites and scope

4.2.1 Monitoring Sites 4.2.1.1 gamma radiation air dose rate Monitoring Sites Border outside the main settlements

a) MINE laid monitoring points;

b) the air sampling point at the same time laid gamma radiation air dose rate monitoring points;

c) tailings (residue) libraries, waste rock, ore bin, heap leaching field, plant (field) boundary sites, transfer stations and other potentially contaminated local distribution;

d) transport laid mines along the highway monitoring points, easily spill area will increase the monitoring point.

4.2.1.2 Air samples Monitoring Sites

a) distribution point to consider. wind direction, wind frequency and other weather conditions; factories and mines near the boundary downwind of pollution sources; persons residing outside the factories and mines around the area Or often a place to stay; the concentration of air pollutants is expected to fall at the maximum;

b) air samples distribution according to the specific circumstances of the region factories and mines MINE size, topographical features, determine the sampling point distribution facilities;

c) the position of the control point should choose to leave the impact of pollutants from factories, mines;

d) monitoring the area around the point should open flat, away from trees and buildings (structures).

4.2.1.3 Surface water samples Monitoring Sites

a) Surface water distribution should be selected on the outer surface boundary MINE potentially contaminated water and river water;

b) the sampling tap in rivers downstream of the discharge port residential water points, irrigation intake and economic aquatic products, fish breeding and public swimming Places, etc.;

c) the density of surface water samples sampling points according to changes in water quality can be reasonably concentration distribution;

d) the location of sampling points control point located outside the boundary from factories, mines and pollution of water bodies position.

4.2.1.4 Groundwater Monitoring Sites Rock groundwater

a) groundwater sampling well location by the distribution site area, the flow of other factors to determine;

b) groundwater samples distribution main consideration of mine water effluent, ground water leaching observation wells; underground heap leaching field, ground soaked field, tailings (residue) library field Water; waste rock and tailings (residue) library to leaching field, heap leach underground wells around the site;

c) zone for site upstream position laid a control sample well of the sample.

4.2.1.5 Water distribution sediment samples Press point selected surface water sampling points laid.

4.2.1.6 distribution of soil samples It expected to be farmland, soil distribution that is outside the factories and mines drainage pollution.

4.2.1.7 sampling distribution of terrestrial and aquatic organisms, fodder plants, food Place fabric sampling point is probably affected by pollution in factories and mines outside the boundaries of the plant with soil sample distribution of distribution points.

4.2.2.1 Determine principles

a) According to the characteristics of factories and mines, as well as to predict the scope of the environmental characteristics;

b) the scope of monitoring HJ/T 61 standard requirements;

c) Environmental monitoring experience accumulated over the years of running factories, mines and the like to determine the scope of monitoring.

4.2.2.2 Scope of monitoring

a) Baseline survey and environmental monitoring range MINE outside measuring range within the boundaries of 5km.

b) emergency monitoring range Measuring range effects of the accident.

c) retirement (before retirement after evaluation and final state) the scope of monitoring Measure decommissioning projects within the outer boundary of the range of 3km.

4.3 Monitoring Programme

a) environmental monitoring program are shown in Table 1. Table

1 Environmental Monitoring Programme Reference media monitoring sampling points or sampling points of measurement and frequency measurement and analysis projects

1 Air Tailings (residue) libraries, waste rock, exhaust well downwind edge facilities Boundaries; the nearest residential area around the facility; control point 1/quarter 222Rn and its daughters

4.4.1 Background Investigation

a) sampling point or measuring point baseline survey measurement, measurement and analysis projects in Table 1, the proposed site 222Rn exhalation rate increase, but groundwater Measurements determined, as appropriate;

b) not less than one year background investigation, monitoring frequency at least twice;

c) changes of atmospheric 222Rn measuring not less than two points, each point measured at least 3d day continuous monitoring 24h.

4.4.2 Environmental Monitoring Environmental monitoring program during

a) run with Table 1; and underground leaching to groundwater monitoring increase heap leach acid (or base), pH value and so on;

b) monitoring frequency during operation. In addition to the surface water monitoring frequency of 1 times/season, the other to monitor the frequency with Table 1.

4.4.3 Emergency Monitoring

a) prepare emergency monitoring include security and other resources, equipment and apparatus; equipped with emergency rescue, incident handling measures;

b) emergency monitoring equipment should meet the monitoring requirements and sensitivities;

c) the scope of monitoring to track the value of the environmental background.

4.4.4 Monitoring retired

a) before retiring Governance Monitoring According to the content and requirements of GB 14586 provisions for monitoring, monitoring programs are shown in Table 2. Table 2 decommissioning monitoring program No. Monitoring media monitoring point or sampling point measurement and analysis projects

1 waste rock waste rock field

222Rn exhalation rate, gamma radiation air dose rates; Natural U, 226Ra specific activity 2 tailings (residue) Tailings (residue) library 222Rn exhalation rate, gamma radiation air dose rates; Natural U, 226Ra specific activity Water seeping natural U, 226Ra, pH value External tailings (residue) library boundary 222Rn and its daughters, gamma radiation air dose rates

5.2 Monitoring Programme

5.2.1 effluent monitoring Effluent monitoring program are shown in Table 3. Table 3 effluent monitoring program ID Media monitor sampling point or monitoring point frequency measurement and analysis projects Exhaust gas Mine. Well exhaust Dressing plant. vent 1/quarter 222Rn and its daughters, U natural Waste rock, tailings (residue) 1/half 222Rn exhalation rate

7.1 Measurement and Analysis

7.1.1 Select Measurement Analysis Principles Measurement and analysis in the selection process, preference should be given national standard monitoring methods; there is no national standard monitoring methods can be used industry standards Monitoring methods.

7.1.2 Measurement Analysis Radioactivity measurement and analysis methods in Appendix A; non-radiometric analysis using standard measurement method prescribed by the state.

7.2 Instrument selection Depending on the type of radionuclide to be measured, and the activity concentration range of physicochemical properties of the sample, select appropriate measuring equipment; and the Spirit should be used Sensitive high technical performance indicators in line with the requirements of the equipment.