HJ 1015.2-2019Technical guidelines for environmental impact assessment - Uranium mining and milling decommissioning (English PDF)

4.1 Basic principles

The environmental impact assessment work classification of the uranium mining and metallurgy decommissioning project shall be in accordance with the current national relevant classification requirements.

determine.

Explain the governance objectives after decommissioning, clarify the depth of decommissioning that each facility needs to achieve, and give decommissioning treatment Projects that are restricted or unrestricted to open or use, as well as specific restrictions on opening or using the project.

The format and content of the environmental impact report of the uranium mining and metallurgy decommissioning project are shown in Appendix A, the uranium geological exploration decommissioning project ring See Appendix B for the format and content of the Environmental Impact Report Form. Among them, the preparation unit and the staff of the establishment are in accordance with the construction project the uniform format of the impact assessment document is required to be implemented.

4.2 Environmental Impact Identification and Evaluation Factors Screening

Based on the environmental condition investigation and engineering analysis, combined with the decommissioning process of the uranium mining and metallurgy decommissioning project and the final state of decommissioning Features to identify environmental impacts.

According to the characteristics of the decommissioning project, the main characteristics of the environmental impact, combined with the environmental functional requirements of the region, environmental protection Objectives, evaluation criteria and environmental constraints, screening to determine the evaluation factors in the decommissioning process and in the final state of decommissioning.

4.3 Determination of evaluation criteria

4.3.1 Dose Constraint Value and Dose Control Value

The public personal dose limit shall comply with the provisions of GB 18871 and be based on the optimization of radiation protection.

The public dose constraint value during the governance process and the final state of decommissioning.

Give the public dose control value under accident conditions.

4.3.2 Decommissioning management limits and management target values

The limits for each radionuclide emission in the liquid effluent are given in accordance with the limits specified in GB 23727.

Determine the relevant management target values for decommissioning, including precipitation rate, surface pollution control level, soil pollution Residue level, gamma radiation air absorption dose rate, groundwater environment restoration target value and surface water environment restoration target value.

4.3.3 Non-radioactive environmental quality standards and pollutant discharge standards

The non-radioactive environmental quality assessment shall be determined according to the environmental function zoning of the area where the uranium mining and metallurgy decommissioning project is located.

Environmental quality standards for environmental factors and corresponding pollutant discharge standards; no clear environmental functions for the project site for the zoning, the implementation standards shall be confirmed by the competent department of ecological environment where the project is located.

4.4 Environmental impact assessment scope

4.4.1 Radiation environment

The scope of radiation environmental impact assessment is generally based on the airborne pollution source that has the greatest impact on the surrounding residents.

The area is 20km in diameter. If the source of pollution between the various areas of the project is far away, the evaluation range determined above is not enough.

Covering the possible key resident groups, the assessment should be based on the main discharge points of each region and the radius of 20km.

Price range. The scope of groundwater assessment is determined by the type of facility and site characteristics. Decommissioning of in-situ uranium mining should focus on decommissioning

Note groundwater evaluation.

The sub-area division in the radiation environmental impact assessment is within the range of 1km, 2km, 3km, 5km, 10km, 20km are divided into concentric circles, and these concentric circles are divided into 22.5° segments, which are drawn from the north to the left.

The segment is divided into 11.25°, which is divided into 96 evaluation sub-areas, and the sub-area division map of the evaluation range is attached.

4.4.2 Non-radioactive environment

The evaluation scope of non-radioactive environmental elements shall be in accordance with HJ 2.2, HJ 2.3, HJ 2.4, HJ 19, HJ 610, respectively.

The environmental impact assessment work level specified in HJ 964 determines the scope of evaluation.

4.5 Determination of environmental protection objectives

Describe the protection objectives and functions of each environmental element in the form of a chart, and the relative positional relationship with the evaluation center.

Environmental protection requirements, etc.

5.1 Overview of decommissioning facilities

Briefly describe the history, scale, operation history, events or accidents during the operation of decommissioning facilities, and mining Metallurgical process and three waste treatment processes, wastewater discharge methods and transportation of receiving water, ore (waste rock, tailings,) Route, mode of transport, cause of shutdown, legacy facilities after cessation of general uranium mining and metallurgy facilities (final production) and temporary storage of waste Status and so on.

5.2 Decommissioning source survey

Briefly explain the scope of the decommissioning project, and give the scope of the source project survey, indicating the determination of decommissioning projects and source surveys the principle of the program.

Explain the monitoring unit, investigation time and investigation plan of the source item survey, and give the monitoring layout chart and the investigation result, saying the status of pollution and the level of pollution.

Describe the facilities that need to be managed and how to determine them.

5.3 Decommissioning Governance

5.3.1 Governance plan

Explain the influencing factors and basis for the consideration of the decommissioning management plan, give the overall plan for decommissioning, and the comparison of governance programs is described.

Detailed description of tailings (slag), waste rock, water and metallurgical facilities, open pits, pits, evaporation ponds, industrial fields Various types of uranium mining and metallurgy facilities such as land and ground mining sites, and decommissioning treatment plans for contaminated sites, analyze the feasibility of the treatment plan.

Describe the final state of decommissioning for each decommissioning project after the implementation of the decommissioning project. The final state of decommissioning is divided into unrestricted opening or use and there are restrictions on opening or using both types.

5.3.2 Decommissioning Waste Management

Explain the generation, treatment and discharge of waste gas, waste liquid and solid waste in the process of decommissioning and decommissioning condition. Explain the production links, production quantities and emissions of various pollutants.

From the aspects of management and technical measures, the minimization of waste, the centralized disposal of waste, and the realization of site-free Limit the considerations of openness or use.

5.3.3 New construction and expansion facilities in the decommissioning project

If the decommissioning project involves new construction, expansion of waste treatment and disposal facilities, such as waste rock yard, tailings (slag) storage and waste Water treatment facilities, etc. shall be evaluated in accordance with the relevant requirements of new construction and expansion projects. Site selection process for new facilities and the construction plan is selected and detailed.

5.4 Environmental Protection Measures and Their Feasibility Argument

Detailed description of the specific pollution prevention, ecological protection and other environmental protection measures to be taken in the process of decommissioning and after decommissioning Protective measures and environmental risk prevention measures.

Describe the design and processing capacity and treatment efficiency of environmental protection facilities, and describe the storage, treatment and disposal of solid waste.

Apply and analyze its capabilities.

For environmental protection measures shared with other projects, the ability to store, handle and dispose of waste should be analyzed.

For example, the remaining storage capacity of the tailings (slag) library.

Analyze and demonstrate the technical feasibility, economic rationality, reliability of long-term stable operation, and satisfaction of the proposed measures Accessibility of state protection and recovery effects. The effectiveness of various measures should be judged by the actual operation of similar or identical measures.

Based on the results, engineering experimental data can be provided without actual operational experience.

6.1 Environmental Status Survey Principles

Environmental status surveys generally use the data collection method and the on-site investigation method. The basic information given in the report should be reviewed Use later and explain the source of the data.

6.2 Survey of regional natural and social environment

6.2.1 Regional Natural Environment Survey

a) Geographic location Briefly introduce the geographical location of the project location and give the location map of the site.

b) topography

Explain the topographical features of the area where the project is located.

c) Climate and weather Briefly describe the main climate types, characteristics, etc. of the project area, and give a representative meteorological station near the site.

The conventional meteorological parameters required by the relevant guidelines provide information on meteorological stations.

d) geology

Outline the main features of the regional geology and site geology where the decommissioning project is located.

e) Surface water hydrological characteristics Briefly describe the hydrological characteristics of the main surface water bodies within the evaluation scope, the division of the water system, and the surface water system Figure. Explain the water environment function zoning of the receiving water body, and the list gives the corresponding hydrological parameters and explains the seasonal changes.

Describe the basic characteristics of the water conservancy project within a certain range of the upstream and downstream of the site and the operation of the dispatch.

f) Groundwater hydrological characteristics Describe the hydrogeological conditions of the project area and site, the hydraulic connection between different aquifers, groundwater Type, water level, flow rate or permeability coefficient, recharge, runoff and discharge conditions, groundwater dew point, etc. Key description and Groundwater conditions related to the project.

g) Land and water use Describe the current status of land and water use within the scope of the evaluation.

h) Ecology and resource development and utilization Briefly describe the ecological functional zoning, terrestrial and aquatic ecological conditions in the area where the decommissioning project is located, and ecological sensitivity the relative position and distance of the target and the site.

Briefly explain the main natural resources and development and utilization within the scope of evaluation, and explain the interaction between the project and the project ring.

6.2.2 Social Environmental Survey

a) Population distribution Based on the latest national and regional censuses, combined with field surveys, people in each sub-region of the evaluation area are given.

The distribution of the population gives the natural population growth rate, the population of the year of evaluation, and the proportion or population of each age group. give Distance, location and population of residential areas and evaluation centers within 3km, as well as schools, hospitals, nursing homes, enterprises the population of the institution.

b) Residents' living habits and dietary structure the list gives the recipes, annual consumption and their share from the evaluation area for each age group, indicating the residents' living habits.

Sex.

6.3 Environmental Investigation and Analysis

6.3.1 Radiation environment background

Give the background of the radiation environment before the production operation of the decommissioning facilities, including the radiation in natural penetrating radiation and environmental media the specific activity, the survey time, the monitoring unit, the survey plan and the survey results. For the lack of radiation environment before the construction of mine the site of the bottom data should give the value of the reference background or control point of the area.

6.3.2 Environmental Status Survey

Environmental status surveys include surveys of current environmental conditions and surveys of current non-radioactive environments.

The investigation of the radiation environment status of the uranium mining and metallurgy decommissioning project is carried out in accordance with the requirements of GB 23726 and HJ/T 61. Non-radiation Sexual environment status survey, investigation, and evaluation based on non-radioactive pollutants discharged before project decommissioning According to the relevant provisions of HJ 2.2, HJ 2.3, HJ 2.4, HJ 19, HJ 610, HJ 964. Can collect existing monitoring numbers According to the data, if the existing data does not meet the requirements, the actual content of the missing items should be measured.

The monitoring plan is given according to the list of environmental elements, and the environmental monitoring layout map is given.

The monitoring results are given and analyzed, and the abnormal data is analyzed. According to the survey results, the environment is now Evaluation.

7.1 Environmental impact before decommissioning

Analyze the radioactive and non-radioactive environmental factors and their effects before decommissioning.

The current situation is evaluated based on the survey results of the environmental status before decommissioning.

Explain the airborne and liquid radioactive source items before decommissioning. Explain the various ways of producing exposure to the public, and use the text Word and schematic representation.

The list gives the public individual effective doses and collective doses of different age groups and different irradiation pathways in each sub-area.

The requirements for dose estimation refer to 7.3. Give key resident groups, key nuclides and key exposure pathways; give decommissioning before treatment the conclusion of the radiation environmental impact assessment. The decommissioning of the in-situ uranium mining project should focus on the environmental impact of the groundwater route and evaluate the time range is from the closure of the in-situ uranium mining project to the completion of decommissioning.

Give the conclusion of non-radioactive environmental impact assessment before decommissioning.

Comprehensive status assessment and environmental impact assessment give the radiation environment and non-radioactive environmental impact assessment before decommissioning in conclusion.

7.2 Environmental impacts during the implementation of decommissioning governance

Analyze the radioactive and non-radioactive environmental factors and their effects during the implementation of decommissioning. Analysis and determination the radioactive source items in the implementation process are evaluated and dose estimates are made. The requirements for dose estimation are referred to 7.3. Description to be taken Non-radioactive environmental protection measures to analyze whether non-radioactive pollutants can meet the standard discharge, indicating whether the environmental impact is acceptable to accept.

7.3 Environmental impacts after decommissioning

According to the situation of decommissioning, the source items still exist after the completion of the decommissioning project are analyzed, and the dose estimation is carried out.

Dose estimates mainly include airborne pathways, surface water pathways and groundwater pathways.

a) The dose estimation of the airborne pathway should give the annual average concentration of nuclide in the air in each sub-area and be effective for individuals of all age groups.

Dosage and collective dose.

b) The dose estimation of the surface water pathway should give the average annual concentration of nuclide in the river section at different distances downstream of the discharge outlet.

Individual effective doses and collective doses for each age group in Guanzi District.

c) The groundwater route should give the extent, and maximum migration distance of the nuclide at different time periods after decommissioning Departure, and explain the law of changes in the concentration of nuclide over time. In the scope of evaluation, when there is water body downstream of groundwater, the maximum nuclides concentration at the downstream water intake point and the resulting effective individual dose should be given. Clearly estimate models, methods, and parameters Based on the basis and source, analyze its applicability.

Give the radiation environmental impact after decommissioning, and analyze and compare the changes in radiation effects.

Analyze the non-radioactive environmental impact factors after decommissioning, and give the non-radioactive environmental impact after decommissioning.

Analyze and compare changes in non-radioactive environm...