GB 19432-2009Safty code for inspection of large packagings for dangerous goods (English PDF)

4.1 Dangerous Goods Classification

4.1.1 Dangerous Goods by having danger or major risk is divided into nine categories. Some categories are subdivided into divisions. Categories and items Other numbers are not sequential order of the degree of danger.

4.1.2 Class 1. Explosives

--- 1.1. a mass explosion hazard substances and articles;

--- 1.2. There is a projection hazard but not a mass explosion hazard substances and articles;

--- 1.3. There is a fire hazard and a minor blast hazard or partial projection hazard or both have dangerous, but not a mass explosion hazard Substances and articles;

--- 1.4. present no significant hazard substances and articles;

--- 1.5. a mass explosion hazard Very insensitive substances;

--- 1.6. extremely insensitive articles without a mass explosion hazard.

4.1.3 Class 2. gas

--- 2.1. flammable gases;

--- 2.2. Non-flammable, non-toxic gases;

--- 2.3. toxic gases.

4.1.4 Class 3. Flammable liquids Substance with water, emit flammable gases; flammable solids; substances liable to spontaneous combustion.

4.1.5 Class 4

--- 4.1. Flammable solids, self-reactive substances; contact with water emit flammable gases;

--- 4.2. Substances liable to spontaneous combustion;

--- 4.3. contact with water emit flammable gases.

4.1.6 Class 5. Oxidizing substances and organic peroxides

--- 5.1. oxidizing substances;

--- 5.2. Organic peroxides.

4.1.7 Class 6. Toxic substances and infectious substances

--- 6.1. toxic substances;

--- 6.2. infectious substances.

4.1.8 Class 7. Radioactive substances.

4.1.9 Class 8. Corrosive substances.

4.1.10 Class 9. Miscellaneous dangerous substances and articles.

4.2 Classification of dangerous goods packaging Except the first 1,2,7, Class 5.2, Section

6.2 of dangerous goods, packaging and other types according to the degree of danger of a tripartite division of dangerous goods Packing species, namely. I grade packaging

--- highly dangerous; II grade packaging

--- medium danger; III grade packaging

--- low danger. The degree of danger of various types of dangerous goods can be determined by dividing the hazardous characteristic test.

4.3 Bulk classification Depending on the structure and Bulk materials can be divided into.

--- Flexible Bulk;

--- Fiberboard Bulk;

--- Large rigid plastic packaging.

5.1.2 Part II. one or more capital letters Material

--- A Steel (all types and surface treatment);

--- C natural wood;

--- F recycled wood;

--- G fiberboard;

--- H plastic material;

--- M multilayer paper;

--- N Metal (except for steel and aluminum).

5.1.3 The letter "W" can be placed behind the large packaging code. Letter "W" represents the large packaging, although of the same type indicated encoding, But according to

6.1.2 with the requirements laid down by different manufacturing specifications.

5.2 Bulk basic mark Bulk should have clear and durable marking. Its contents include.

5.2.1 The United Nations packaging symbol This symbol is used to demonstrate compliance Bulk meet United Nations "on the Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods Model Regulations" (15th revision) set. Metal packaging, can be molded capital letters "UN" representation.

5.2.2 should be provided

5.2.3 letter indicates the package level.

--- X represents I grade packaging;

6.1 General technical requirements

6.1.1 Bulk deformation should not occur in the external environment.

6.1.2 Under normal conditions of transport, including the effects of vibration or changes in temperature, humidity or pressure, the packaging structure and closures shall be guaranteed The contents will not spill.

6.1.3 Bulk and sealing material should be compatible with the substance contained or protect the contents and not the following occurs.

a) in contact with the contents, so Bulk dangerous in use;

b) with the contents to react or decompose, or the occurrence of a manufacturer with Bulk material react to form toxic or hazardous compounds.

6.1.4 cushion material and underlay should not be compromised Bulk of contents.

6.1.5 Bulk should be designed to withstand the pressure and stress of normal material handling and transportation of the equipment, the loss does not occur built logistics. need Stacking large stacking package should meet the design requirements. Bulk lifting and fastening device should have sufficient strength to withstand normal handling and Conditions of transport without causing overall deformation or fracture. These devices should be appropriate position, not part of any Bulk causes excessive stress.

6.1.6 If the Bulk framework built by the cabinet composition, the structure should meet the following requirements.

a) causing damage to housing should not occur between the frame and the box impact or friction;

b) throughout the cabinet should be located within the frame;

c) If the link portion of the housing and frame allow relative expansion or movement, the various devices Bulk should be fixed in place, so Various equipment will not be damaged by such relative movement. Bottom discharge valve

6.1.7 Bulk should be closed tight. The entire unloading equipment should be properly protected to avoid damage. Leverage off mechanism The valve should be able to prevent any accidental opening. Opening and closing positions should be clearly legible. Bulk cargo should be loaded with liquid discharge port can be closed Auxiliary devices.

6.1.8 Bulk transport before loading and delivery should be carefully checked to ensure that it does not have any corrosion, pollution and other damage, the subsidiary The normal function of the device, where there are indications that a large package of strength has fallen below its design type test strength, which should stop using Bulk or Re-treatment so that it can withstand the test of the strength of the type.

6.1.9 When the Bulk loading liquid level above should allow sufficient space to ensure that the average temperature of the cargo is 50 °C when the large packaging Fill no more than 98% of its total capacity.

6.2.1 Specific requirements for metal large package

6.2.1.1 Bulk should be has been fully demonstrated its weldability suitable ductile metal material. Welding process better, and to ensure the absolute Security. If necessary, consideration should be given to low temperature performance.

6.2.1.2 should be taken to avoid damage to the battery due to the effects caused by the juxtaposition of dissimilar metals caused.

6.2.2 Specific requirements for flexible material large packaging

6.2.2.1 Bulk application of appropriate material. Strength of the material and software Bulk shall be constructed in its capacity and its intended use.

6.2.2.2 All materials used in the manufacture of Bulk 51M Model software, completely immersed in water in less than 24h after its tensile strength Degree should be able to reach it at 67% humidity or less experimental conditions of the tensile strength of 85%.

6.2.2.3 joints should stitching, heat sealing, gluing or any equivalent method. All stitched seam-ends shall be closed.

6.2.2.4 software Bulk strength due to aging and UV radiation, climatic conditions or reduction caused by the substance, should be sufficient barrier Anti capability, making it ideal for its purpose.

6.2.2.5 for protection against ultraviolet radiation plastics flexible large packaging should be addition of carbon black, other suitable pigments or inhibitors. These add Additives should be compatible with the substance contained, and remain valid throughout the life of the large packaging. If the use of carbon black, pigments or inhibitors have been manufactured Through different experiments design type, and change the carbon black content, the pigment content or the inhibitor content do not manufacture materials for physical Adversely affect the nature, may be exempted from re-testing.

6.2.2.6 Just additives do not damage the physical and chemical properties Bulk materials can be mixed with the additive of the material together to increase Its strong anti-aging ability, or to serve other purposes.

6.2.2.7 Full time, the ratio of height to width shall not exceed 2.1.

6.2.3 Specific requirements for plastics large packaging

6.2.3.1 Bulk shall be manufactured from suitable plastics known specifications, to have enough strength to its capacity and intended use to adapt. material Should have adequate anti-aging properties, due to the strength and resistance by the substance, or (if relevant) UV radiation is reduced. Shall apply When considering the low temperature performance. Any permeation of the substance under normal conditions of transport shall not constitute a danger.

6.2.3.2 Where protection against ultraviolet radiation, should add carbon black or other suitable pigments or inhibitors. These additives should be loaded with substance Yung and remain valid throughout the life of the large packaging. Carbon black, pigments or inhibitors such as the use and manufacture of the tested design type Use different changes of carbon black content, the pigment content or the inhibitor content do not adversely affect the physical properties of the material, the It can be exempted from retesting.

6.2.3.3 Additives may be added to the large packaging materials to enhance the resistance to aging or to serve other purposes, provided that these materials shall not Adversely affect the physical or chemical properties.

6.2.4 Specific requirements for fibreboard large package

6.2.4.1 should be used with the large packaging capacity and its intended use to adapt to good quality solid or double-sided corrugated fibreboard (single or multiple Floor). The water resistance of the outer surface shall be achieved. quality tests conducted 30min determining water absorption, the Cobb method of determination of the increase does not exceed Over 155g/m2

--- see GB/T 1540, should be appropriate fiber bend performance. Fibreboard cut, there should not be creased and should Slotted, so that when the assembly without cracking, surface breaks or undue bending. Fluting or corrugated fibreboard shall be firmly glued to the facings.

6.2.4.2 includes top and bottom walls of the inner container, it should be based on a minimum puncture resistance of 15J GB/T 2679.7 Determination of. Outer seam production

6.2.4.3 Bulk should have proper overlap apply taped, glued, stitched with metal staples, or its It fixed the way he has at least equally effective. Where joins are effected by gluing or taping, a water resistant adhesive shall be used. Metal card Nail peg should pass completely through all pieces, and shall be formed or protected so that any inner liner can not be abraded or punctured.

6.2.4.4 Any integral pallet base or any detachable pallet constitute Bulk components, shall be suitable for mechanical handling means to The maximum permissible gross mass Bulk.

6.2.4.5 The pallet or integral base shall be designed to avoid the bottom of the large packaging may be liable to damage in handling any protruding parts.

6.2.4.6 Containers should be secured to any detachable pallet to ensure stability in handling and transport. In a removable tray , The top surface of the tray should Bulk might damage from sharp protrusions. You can use

6.2.4.7 Strengthening devices such as timber supports to increase stacking performance may be used but shall be external to the liner.

6.2.4.8 Bulk intended for stacking, the bearing surface shall be safely distributed load.

6.2.5 Specific requirements for large wood packaging

6.2.5.1 Strength and produced by the method of the materials used should be large packaging capacity and its intended use.

6.2.5.2 natural wood to dry thoroughly and meet commercial standards, any part of a large package will lessen the strength of defect does not exist. Each member shall be a large package of equivalent or a composition. Parts are considered equivalent to one piece if appropriate gluing assembling Law, such as Lindeman engagement, engagement tongue, shiplap or rabbet joint engagement, or at least have to contact each joint joining two corrugated metal fasteners, Or use other methods at least equally effective.

6.2.5.3 Bulk plywood used plywood should be at least three layers. Application of dry thoroughly seasoned rotary cut, sliced or sawn veneer, dryness To achieve commercial standards, it would actually reduce their Bulk strength defect does not exist. All adjacent plies shall be used with water resistant adhesive. can Other suitable materials together with plywood manufacturing Bulk together.

6.2.5.4 Bulk reconstituted wood shall be made of water resistant reconstituted wood such as hardboard, particle board or other suitable type of material.

6.2.5.5 Bulk shall be firmly nailed corner posts or ends or clamp, or be assembled by equally suitable devices.

6.2.5.6 Any integral pallet base forming the large packaging components or any detachable pallet shall be suitable for mechanical handling means to The maximum permissible gross mass Bulk.

6.2.5.7 trays or the overall design of the tray bottom to avoid the bottom of the Bulk might be liable to damage when handling any protruding parts.

6.2.5.8 Containers should be secured to any detachable pallet to ensure stability in handling and transport. In a removable tray , The top surface of the tray should Bulk might damage from sharp protrusions. You can use

6.2.5.9 Strengthening devices such as timber supports to increase stacking performance may be used but shall be external to the liner. Intended for stacking Bulk, load bearing surface shall be safely distributed.

7 performance test

7.1 Performance Requirements Bulk performance test requirements in Table 2. Table

2 Performance test requirements Performance test project performance test requirements Bottom lift test no loss of contents, the packaging without any permanent deformation to endanger transport safety Top lift test no loss of contents, the packaging without any permanent deformation to endanger transport safety Stacking test no loss of contents, the packaging without any permanent deformation to endanger transport safety Drop Test No loss of contents, the packaging without any permanent deformation to endanger the safety of transport; After the fall if there is a small amount of the contents from leaking outside the seal, as long as no further leakage should also be judged as qualified; Containing Class 1 explosives Bulk without any leakage

7.2 Test

7.2.1 Test Project Bulk pilot projects in Table 2.

7.2.2 Number of samples

7.2.2.1 The number of samples of different test items in Table 3. Table 3 pilot projects and the number of sampling units member Pilot project the number of samples Bottom lift test

7.2.3 Test preparation

7.2.3.1 ready for transport to the large packaging, including packaging and materials used, shall be tested, the packaging should not be loaded liquid low 98% of its maximum capacity for solids should be not less than 95% of its maximum capacity. As the Bulk packaging designed to carry liquids and solids Body, required for both liquid or solid contents separate testing. The inner packaging Bulk transport of substances or articles, or other substances may Items instead, but do not cause the test results become invalid. When other inner packagings or articles, they should be transported within the package or object Product has the same physical characteristics (mass, etc.). Permissible to use additives, such as bags of lead shot, to achieve the requisite total package quality requirements, but do not It must affect the test results.

7.2.3.2 Bulk made of plastic and fitted with plastic packaging (except for containing articles or solid plastic bag) in Bulk, during the fall Should test the temperature of the test sample and its contents has been reduced -18 °C or lower. If relevant material at low temperatures and have sufficient toughness Tensile strength, can not be considered for this pretreatment. Test samples were prepared in this way may be exempted from the pre-treatment 8.3.3. test Test liquid should be kept in the liquid, add anti-freeze if necessary.

7.2.4 Fibreboard Bulk should be kept in a controlled temperature and relative humidity of at least 24h. There are three options, you can choose which A. The best environmental temperature is 23 °C ± 2 °C and a relative humidity of 50% ± 2%. The other two options are. a temperature of 20 °C ± 2 °C and relative Humidity 65% ± 2%; or a temperature of 27 °C ± 2 °C and a relative humidity of 65% ± 2%.

Note. The average value should be within these limits. Short-term fluctuations and measurement of relative humidity limits may cause individual measurements to ± 5% variation, but not on the test results The reproducibility have a significant impact.

7.3.1 Bottom lift test

7.3.1.1 Scope. the bottom of the lifting device is equipped with a large package.

7.3.1.2 Sample preparation. Bulk should be loaded to

1.25 times its maximum permissible gross mass, the load should be evenly distributed.

7.3.1.3 Test Method. Bulk by a crane lifted and lowered twice forks centrally positioned at intervals of three quarters of the length of the side of entry (into the Except fixed point), forks should be inserted into the direction of the three-quarters. Each possible direction of entry should repeat the test.

7.3.2 Top lift test

7.3.2.1 Scope. Bulk equipped with an overhead lifting device.

7.3.2.2 Sample preparation. Bulk should be ...