HJ 964-2018Technical guidelines for environmental impact assessment - soil environment (English PDF)

4.1 General principles

The soil environmental impact assessment should be applied to the soil after the construction project construction period, operation period and service period (which can be selected according to the project conditions).

Analyze, predict, and evaluate the impacts of environmental physicochemical properties, and propose measures and countermeasures to prevent or mitigate adverse effects.

Provide scientific basis for soil environmental protection of construction projects.

4.2 Evaluation of basic tasks

4.2.1 According to the relevant requirements of HJ 2.1 construction project pollution impact and ecological impact, according to the construction project may produce soil environment the impact of the soil environmental impact type is divided into ecological impact type and pollution impact type, wherein the guideline refers to the soil environmental ecological impact Salinization, acidification, alkalization, etc. of the soil environment.

4.2.2 According to industry characteristics, process characteristics or scale, etc., the construction project categories are divided into I, II, III, and IV categories.

Record A, where Class IV construction projects may not carry out soil environmental impact assessment; construction projects that are sensitive targets themselves may only be needed as needed Investigate the current state of the soil environment.

4.2.3 Soil environmental impact assessment should be carried out according to the evaluation work level divided by this standard, and identify the soil environmental impact category of the construction project.

Type, impact route, impact source and impact factor, determine the level of soil environmental impact assessment work; conduct soil environment status survey, finish Monitoring and evaluation of the status quo of the soil environment; predicting and evaluating the possible impacts of the construction project on the soil environment, and proposing corresponding prevention and control measures Give countermeasures.

4.2.4 Construction projects involving two or more sites or areas shall carry out evaluation work in accordance with 4.2.3.

4.2.5 For the two types of impacts involving soil environmental ecological impact type and pollution impact type, the evaluation work shall be carried out separately according to 4.2.3.

4.3 Working procedures

Soil environmental impact assessment can be divided into preparation stage, current status investigation and evaluation stage, prediction analysis and evaluation stage and conclusion stage. The soil environmental impact assessment work procedure is shown in Figure 1.

4.4 Main work contents of each stage

4.4.1 Preparation phase

Collect and analyze data on laws, regulations, policies, standards, and plans related to the national and local soil environment; understand construction projects Overview of the process, combined with engineering analysis, identify the types of impacts that construction projects may have on the soil environment, and analysis may result in soil environmental impact.

The main route of the ring; carry out on-site survey work, identify sensitive targets of soil environment; determine the grade, scope and content of the evaluation.

4.4.2 Status survey and evaluation stage

Carry out on-site investigation, sampling, monitoring, data analysis and processing, and conduct soil environment using corresponding standards and methods.

Evaluation.

4.4.3 Forecast analysis and evaluation stage

Predictively analyze and evaluate the possible impacts of construction projects on the soil environment in accordance with the methods developed or validated by this standard.

4.4.4 Conclusion phase

Comprehensively analyze the results of each stage, put forward soil environmental protection measures and countermeasures, and summarize the conclusions of soil environmental impact assessment.

Figure 1 Soil environmental impact assessment work process diagram

5.1 Basic requirements

On the basis of the results of the engineering analysis, combined with the sensitive targets of the soil environment, according to the construction period, operation period and service period of the construction project After the specific characteristics of the three stages (according to the project situation), identify the type of soil environmental impact and the impact path;

For construction projects where the source of soil environmental impact may change, environmental impacts should also be identified in stages according to their changing characteristics.

5.2 Identifying content

5.2.1 Identify the soil environmental impact assessment project category of the industry to which the construction project belongs according to Appendix A.

5.2.2 Identify the soil environmental impact types and impact pathways, impact sources and impact factors of the construction project, and initially analyze the scope of possible impacts.

See Appendix B for specific identification.

5.2.3 According to GB/T 21010, identify the construction project and the surrounding land use types, and analyze the soil environment that may be affected by the construction project.

Sensitive target.

6.1 Classification

The work level of soil environmental impact assessment is divided into first, second and third grades.

6.2 Basis for division

6.2.1 Ecological impact

6.2.1.1 The soil environmental sensitivity of the construction project site is classified as sensitive, and insensitive. The discriminating basis is shown in Table 1;

If the project involves two or more sites or regions, the sensitivity should be determined separately; after two or more ecological impacts are generated If the sensitivity is determined by the relative highest level.

Table 1 Ecological impact type sensitivity scale

Sensitivity

Discrimination basis Salinization acidification alkalization sensitive the dryness of the construction project is a>2.5 and the average buried depth of the groundwater level is 4 g/kg pH <= 4.5 pH >= 9.0 More sensitive the dryness of the construction project site is >2.5 and the average buried depth of the groundwater level is >= 1.5 m, or 1.8 2.5 or perennial a plain area with an average depth of groundwater 7 Status survey and evaluation

7.1 Basic principles and requirements

7.1.1 The investigation and evaluation of the current status of the soil environment should be based on the combination of data collection and on-site investigation, data analysis and current situation monitoring.

The principle of cooperation.

7.1.2 The depth of the survey and evaluation of the current status of the soil environment should meet the corresponding work level requirements, when the existing data can not meet the requirements it should be obtained by organizing on-site investigations, monitoring, etc.

7.1.3 When the construction project involves both soil environmental ecological impact type and pollution impact type, it should be opened according to the corresponding evaluation work level requirements.

The investigation of the current status of the soil environment can be adjusted and optimized according to the characteristics of the construction project.

7.1.4 Construction projects in industrial parks should focus on the investigation of the status quo within the scope of construction projects, taking into account their possible impacts.

Sensitive targets for soil environment around the park.

Sensitivity

7.2 Survey evaluation scope

7.2.1 The scope of investigation and evaluation shall include the scope of possible impacts of construction projects, which can meet the requirements for soil environmental impact prediction and evaluation;

The scope of investigation and evaluation of the current construction project should also take into account the scope of possible impact of existing projects.

7.2.2 Construction project (except linear engineering) The status of soil environmental impact investigation and evaluation can be based on the type of construction project impact, pollution the route, meteorological conditions, topography, hydrogeological conditions, etc. are determined and explained, or determined with reference to Table 5.

Table 5 Status quo survey scope

Evaluation of work level impact types Survey scope a Covering the area of land b First level Ecological impact all Within 5 km Pollution affected type within 1 km Secondary Ecological impact type within 2 km Pollution impact type within 0.2 km Third level Ecological impact type within 1 km Pollution impact type within 0.05 km a Involving the influence of the atmospheric deposition route, it can be appropriately adjusted according to the maximum landing concentration point of the dominant wind downwind direction.

b Mine projects refer to the land occupied by the mining area and each site; the areas of renovation and expansion refer to the land occupied by existing and proposed projects.

7.2.3 When the construction project involves both the ecological impact of the soil environment and the impact of pollution, the scope of investigation and evaluation shall be determined separately.

7.2.4 Conveying pipelines such as dangerous goods, chemicals or petroleum shall extend outward by 0.2 km on both sides of the engineering boundary as the scope of investigation and evaluation.

7.3 Survey content and requirements

7.3.1 Data collection

According to the characteristics of the construction project, possible environmental impacts and local environmental characteristics, the phases within the scope of investigation and evaluation are collected.

Relevant information, mainly including the following.

a) Land use status map, land use planning map, soil type distribution map;

b) meteorological data, topographical features, hydrology and hydrogeological data;

c) history of land use;

d) Other information related to soil environmental impact assessment of construction projects.

7.3.2 Physical and chemical characteristics survey content

7.3.2.1 Based on the adequate collection of data, according to the type of soil environmental impact, the characteristics of the construction project and the needs of the evaluation, targeted the selection of soil physical and chemical properties, including soil structure, soil structure, soil texture, cation exchange capacity, oxidation Original potential, saturated hydraulic conductivity, soil bulk density, porosity, etc.; soil environmental ecological impact construction projects should also investigate vegetation, groundwater the buried depth and the total solids dissolved in groundwater can be filled in with reference to Table C.1.

7.3.2.2 For construction projects with a rating of one level, the soil profile questionnaire shall be completed in accordance with Table C.2.

7.3.3 Impact source survey

7.3.3.1 The sources of influence of the same characteristic factor or the same soil environmental impact consequences of the construction project should be investigated.

7.3.3.2 Reconstruction and expansion of pollution-influenced construction projects, the evaluation work level is first-level and second-level, and the soil of existing projects should be dealt with.

Conduct environmental protection measures to investigate and focus on the status of soil pollution near major facilities or facilities.

7.4 Status monitoring

7.4.1 Basic requirements

The monitoring of the current status of the soil environment of the construction project should be carried out in a targeted manner according to the type of impact of the construction project and the way of impact.

Understand or grasp the current state of the soil environment within the scope of the survey.

7.4.2 Principle of distribution

7.4.2.1 Status of soil environment monitoring points should be laid according to the type of soil environmental impact of the construction project, evaluation work level, land use category the type is determined by the principle of combining the uniformity and the representativeness, which fully reflects the current situation of the soil environment within the scope of investigation and evaluation of the construction project.

The adjustment can be optimized according to the actual situation.

7.4.2.2 At least one surface-level monitoring point should be set for each soil type within the scope of the survey and evaluation, and should be set as far as possible without artificial contamination.

Dyed or relatively uncontaminated areas.

7.4.2.3 Ecological impact construction projects shall set up surface-level monitoring points according to the topographical features of the location of the construction project and the direction of surface runoff.

7.4.2.4 Where the influence of the infiltration route is involved, the column-like monitoring point shall be set in the main sewage-producing device area, and the sampling depth shall be to the bottom of the device and the soil.

Below the soil contact surface, adjust it according to the depth that may be affected.

7.4.2.5 In the case of the effects of atmospheric deposition, a surface-level monitoring point shall be set up in each of the upper and lower wind directions that dominate the wind direction outside the occupied area.

Surface-level monitoring points can be added at the maximum landing concentration point.

7.4.2.6 Where the influence of the ground flow path is involved, a surface layer shall be set up in the upper and lower reaches of the land area in combination with the topography and landform.

Monitoring points.

7.4.2.7 Linear engineering should focus on setting monitoring points at station locations (such as oil stations, pumping stations, valve rooms, gas stations, and maintenance sites).

Transportation pipelines involving dangerous goods, chemicals or petroleum should be based on soil environmental sensitive targets within the scope of evaluation or the layout of the plant area.

The situation determines the location of the monitoring point.

7.4.2.8 The evaluation of the work level is the first-level and second-level reform and expansion projects, which should be affected by the existing engineering plant boundary.

Set monitoring points at sensitive targets.

7.4.2.9 For the reconstruction and expansion projects involving the effects of atmospheric deposition, the monitoring points may be appropriately increased in the downward wind direction of the dominant wind to reflect the dust reduction.

The impact on the soil environment.

7.4.2.10 If the land occupation scope of the construction project and the soil environment of the area that may affect it already have pollution risks, it shall be combined with the historical resources of the land.

Surveys of materials and status quo, monitoring points are placed in the areas most likely to be affected; sampling depth is determined according to the circumstances that may be affected.

7.4.2.11 Construction project status monitoring point setting should take into account the soil environmental impact tracking and monitoring plan.

7.4.3 Current monitoring point quantity requirements

7.4.3.1 The monitoring points of each evaluation work level of the construction project shall not be less than the requirements of Table 6.

7.4.3.2 The ecological impact construction project can optimize the adjustment of the number of monitoring points within and outside the land occupation, keeping the total number unchanged;

After 5,000 hm2, an additional 1 monitoring point is added for each additional 1,000 hm2.

7.4.3.3 If the pollution-affected construction project covers an area of more than 100 hm2, an additional monitoring point is added for each additional 20 hm2.

Table 6 Status and quantity of monitoring points

Evaluation of the work level within the scope of the land First level Ecological impact type 5 surface samples a 6 surface samples Pollution-affected type 5 column sample points b, 2 surface layer samples, 4 surface layer samples Secondary Ecological impact type 3 surface samples 4 surface samples Pollution-affected 3 column samp...