GB/Z 21742-2008Portable proton exchange membrane fuel cell power systems (English PDF)

Foreword

This standardized guidance document is based on the research results of the field of fuel cells in our country, summarize the existing experience, and reference to the International Electrotechnical Commission IEC /T C105 on the draft standard for portable fuel cells drafted. This part of the drafting process, the main reference to the IEC /T C105/88 / CDV "Fuel Cell Technology Part 5. Portable Fuel Cell Safety and Performance Requirements." Appendix A of this guidance document is normative appendix, appendix B is an informative appendix. This guidance document is proposed by China Electrical Equipment Industry Association. This guidance document is subject to the National Fuel Cell Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC342). This guidance document is drafted by Dalian Xinyuan Power Co., Ltd. Participated in the drafting of the technical documents. Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Engineering, Beijing Institute of Electrical Technology and Economy, Beijing speeding Green Power Technology Co., Ltd., a new source of power Co., Ltd. and so on. The main drafters of this guidance document. Xu Hongfeng, Guo Liping, Ming Ping Wen, Lu Chen Yu, Zhang Lifang, Qiu Lidong and so on.

"Portable proton exchange membrane fuel cell power generation system" is the national "Tenth Five-Year" major science and technology projects important technical standards research project "new Research on Key Technical Standards of Energy and Renewable Energy

--- Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell, Solar Hot Water System, Grid-connected Photovoltaic Power Generation and Wind Power Generator "research, combined with China's" 863 "plan fuel cell electric vehicle major project proton exchange membrane fuel cell technology Column one of the national standards. This Guidance Document specifies portable proton exchange membrane fuel cell power generation systems (including DC and AC Type) safety protection and the basic requirements of the structure, test items and test methods, marking, packaging, storage and transportation and to provide the user documentation The relevant requirements. This guidance applies to AC and DC portable proton exchange membrane fuel cell power generation systems. Fuel cells are not only suitable for the construction of stationary power plants to provide community and household electricity sources, but more importantly, To provide power for electric vehicles and micro-fuel cells for use in a variety of communications equipment, laptops and handheld computers. And fuel Battery technology is from these aspects of research and development to industrial change, fuel cells in fixed power stations, transport and portable power supply, etc. Aspects of commercialization are coming. Some technologies related to fuel cells will also be commercialized in the next 5 to 10 years. Some new technologies, New materials and new components will also be rapidly developed on the basis of internationalization of the market. It is foreseeable that fuel cell technology will be sustained and rapid development of. During the "Ninth Five-Year Plan" and "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period, all the PEMFCs and their related technologies were listed as major projects in the country Scientific and technological breakthroughs include "863" fuel cell vehicles major projects, and has achieved initial results. At present, China's PEMFC technology To colleges and universities and research institutes for technical support to several major high-tech enterprises as a leader, has formed in Dalian, Shanghai, Beijing and Wuhan, etc. The main research and development base. Some of them have obtained patented technology with independent intellectual property rights and are actively promoting China's fuel cell technology Industrialization and commercialization. Early development of standards for the promotion of this new technology with unlimited potential for development - the commercialization and commercialization of fuel cells is very heavy need. International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC ) established IEC /T C105 to be responsible for fuel cell professional standards work in recent years, very frequent activities Fan, has released a number of international standards fuel cell international standards IEC 62282-2..2004 "fuel cell technology module" and IEC 62282-1..2005 "Fuel Cell Technology Terminology." China is carrying out research on fuel cell technology and tracking the same international standards , According to China's actual arrangements for the development of relevant key technical standards, designed to reflect the standard early intervention in the industrialization of scientific and technological achievements, and the country The concept of international standards. Currently completed standard projects are. (1) Proton exchange membrane fuel cell terms (GB/T 20042.1-2005); (2) General technical requirements for proton exchange membrane fuel cell stacks (GB/T 20042.2-2008); (3) Portable proton exchange membrane fuel cell power generation system (GB /Z21742-2008); (4) Fixed proton exchange membrane fuel cell power generation system (independent type) performance test method (GB /Z21743-2008). Portable proton exchange membrane fuel cell power generation system

1 Scope

This guiding technical document specifies the basic requirements for the safety protection and construction of portable proton exchange membrane fuel cell power systems (of both the DC and the AC type), the inspection items and test methods, marking, packaging, storage and transport, and the requirements for the documents supplied to the user. It applies to AC and DC portable proton exchange membrane fuel cell power systems that may be used in non-hazardous indoor or outdoor locations such as commercial, industrial and residential premises. It does not apply to fuel cell power systems for road vehicles.

The fuels that may be used by products within the scope of this document include hydrogen, natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas (such as propane and butane), liquid alcohols (methanol, ethanol), gasoline, kerosene, diesel, chemical hydrides and metals (such as zinc and aluminium). Similar fuels and oxidants other than air are not excluded, provided the special hazards associated with them are controlled by additional measures.

1.1 System boundary. The overall design of the portable proton exchange membrane fuel cell power system (hereinafter the portable fuel cell system) integrates some or all of the following subsystems into one unit to perform the specified functions: the fuel processing system; the oxidant processing system; the thermal management system; the power conditioning system; the automatic control system; the fuel cell module; the fuel supply system; the auxiliary power supply; the ventilation system; and the water treatment system. A block diagram of the system is given in Figure 1.

1.2 Equivalent safety requirements. These requirements do not exclude designs and constructions not expressly specified in this document, provided that such designs and constructions have been verified by test and are included in the documentation of the portable system. When selecting designs and constructions, the materials and processes used shall be evaluated so that the chosen design meets the requirements of this document. The document does not cover gaseous or liquid fuel containers outside the portable system itself, or their connecting parts.

1.3 Note. Unless otherwise stated, all pressures in this document are gauge pressures.

2 Normative references

The provisions of the following documents become provisions of this guiding technical document through reference in it. For dated references, subsequent amendments (excluding corrigenda) or revisions do not apply; however, parties to agreements based on this document are encouraged to investigate whether the latest editions may be used. For undated references, the latest edition applies.

GB 2099.1 · GB/T 2423.55 · GB/T 2893.1 · GB 2894 · GB/T 2900.18 · GB 3836 (all parts) · GB 4208 · GB/T 4706.1-2005 · GB 4943-2001 · GB/T 5169.11 · GB/T 5169.13 · GB/T 5169.16 · GB/T 5169.17 · GB/T 5465.2 · GB 7251.1 · GB/T 7826 · GB/T 7829 · GB/T 11026-1999 · GB 14536.1 · GB/T 16273 (all parts) · GB 16895.21 · GB 16935.1 · GB/T 17045 · GB 17625.1 · GB 17625.2 · GB 17701 · GB/T 17799.1 · GB/T 17799.2 · GB 17799.3 · GB 17799.4 · SJ 11237 · IEC 60079-20 · IEC 60651 · IEC 60730-2-17 · IEC 61340-2-1 · IEC 61511-3 · IEC 61779-4 · IEC 61779-6 · IEC 61882 · IEC 62040-1-2 · ISO 3744:1994 · ISO 5348 · ISO 15156-1 · ISO 16110

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 2900.18, GB 3836.1, GB 4943 and GB/T 20042.1 and the following apply.

3.1 fuel supply system - the instruments and devices inside the portable system used to store, deliver and regulate the fuel. It is either built into the portable system or made as a removable and refillable container assembly, and during operation it performs its whole function with the internally stored fuel, without any external connection. The system shall have a connector and a fuel filling port, and the filling port shall differ from that of a standard gas cylinder. Note: fuel supply from outside the portable system, and temporary fuel supply, are outside the scope of this document.

3.2 passive state - the state in which all chambers of the fuel cell module are filled with an inert gas such as air or nitrogen.

3.3 wet battery - a storage battery whose electrolyte is a free-flowing liquid.

4 Technical requirements

4.1 Conditions of use. Unless otherwise specified, the portable system shall operate normally under the following environmental conditions: a) altitude not exceeding 1 000 m; b) oxygen content of the ambient air of 21 % plus or minus 1 % by volume; c) ambient temperature of 5 degrees C to 40 degrees C.

4.2 Material compatibility. 4.2.1 General requirements: all components and materials shall suit the expected operating temperature and pressure range of the portable system and withstand the chemical, mechanical and other conditions of operation. Any component in direct contact with liquid fuel, moisture or condensate, and the fasteners connecting such components, shall meet the service requirements, resist corrosion and be easy to adjust or replace during maintenance. Ferrous parts inside the enclosure and current-carrying parts without other protection shall be treated against corrosion. Asbestos or asbestos-containing materials shall not be used in the structural parts of the portable system.

4.2.2 Plastic and synthetic rubber components may be used for piping systems and parts when: a) the materials have been shown to meet the combined requirements of maximum operating temperature and pressure, are compatible with other materials and are unaffected by chemicals encountered in use and maintenance; b) plastic and rubber parts inside the enclosure are protected from mechanical damage by rotating parts or other mechanical devices; c) plastic or rubber parts conveying flammable gas in any chamber are protected against overheating, the control system cutting off the fuel supply before the temperature comes within 10 K of their lowest heat-deflection temperature; d) plastic or rubber parts conveying flammable gas are electrically conductive so that static charge does not build up when dry gas is conveyed, with a maximum resistance of 1 MOhm when tested to IEC 61340-2-1. 4.2.3 Connectors of fuel lines shall be able to prevent cracking due to stress corrosion; guidance is given in ISO 15156-1. Note: particular attention is needed when pipe fittings are made of copper alloys such as brass or bronze.

4.3 Protection against mechanical hazards. Appropriate protective measures shall prevent accidental contact with moving parts, and no part accessible during normal use, adjustment or maintenance shall have sharp corners or edges. The portable system shall have sufficient mechanical strength to provide the structural safety specified in this document under expected operating conditions, and under normal use shall meet the requirements of 6.12, remaining stable without tipping over.

4.4 Protection against fuel toxicity. Precautions shall be taken in the design of the portable system and when refuelling to prevent fuel spillage and unnecessary exposure of persons to fuel vapour, particularly for corrosive fuels that could be inhaled or absorbed through the skin. Gaseous fuels, or liquid fuels that may give off toxic vapour, shall be stored in sealed containers and connected to the fuel cell supply line only through a detachable coupling such as a quick-connect fitting. The instructions for use and storage supplied with the system shall describe the hazards of each fuel, the precautions to be taken when handling it, the maximum permissible exposure in continuous use and the methods for dealing manually with spills and contamination.

4.5 Protection against explosion hazards. 4.5.1 General: the design and construction of the portable system shall avoid the danger of fire or explosion arising from the system itself or from gases, liquids, dusts, vapours or other substances it produces or uses. 4.5.2 Flammable atmospheres inside the portable system: chambers inside the fuel cell module and containing sources of flammable gas or vapour shall be classified and their hazardous zones determined in accordance with GB 3836.14. In zones of an identified hazard grade the manufacturer shall eliminate ignition sources by ensuring that the electrical equipment installed is suitable for the hazardous-area classification of GB 3836.14; that surface temperatures do not exceed 80 % of the autoignition temperature, in degrees Celsius, of the flammable gas or vapour (autoignition temperatures as given in IEC 60079-20); that static electricity is eliminated by proper bonding and earthing; and that catalysts promoting reaction between flammable fluids and air inside the system prevent that reaction from spreading to the surrounding flammable environment.

4.5.3 Protection in normal operation: under normal operating conditions the concentration of flammable gas inside the enclosure of the portable system shall be below 25 % of the lower flammable limit. Forced ventilation shall be used, with a safety interlock ensuring that the system shuts down safely if the ventilation fails, verified according to 6.3. 4.5.4 Protection in abnormal operation: the extent of the external flammable space formed by limited internal releases shall be restricted so that the concentration of flammable gas at the ventilation outlet does not exceed 25 % of the lower flammable limit; a flammable gas sensor complying with IEC 61779-4 shall be installed at the most suitable detection point, its control circuit and logic meeting the basic requirements of 4.10.3. The sensor shall ensure that the concentration in the exhaust flow does not exceed 50 % of the lower flammable limit; when the sensor is in the alarm state the system cannot be started until it has been inspected by maintenance personnel. Guidance on the selection, installation, use and maintenance of flammable gas sensors is given in IEC 61779-6. 4.5.5 Purging: for safety the portable system shall be in the passive state after shutdown or before start-up; the manufacturer shall describe and provide a method of purging the system with a medium such as nitrogen, air or steam. Note: purging is not needed if a better method ensures safety.

4.6 Protection against electric shock. 4.6.1 General: except where permitted for functional reasons, accessible conductive parts of the portable system shall not be live under normal conditions, and shall not become hazardous live parts under any foreseeable single fault; suitable construction or an enclosure shall prevent accidental contact with live parts. 4.6.2 Protection against direct contact: every circuit and part carrying a hazardous voltage shall be protected by an enclosure or by insulating the live parts; where these measures are not used, barriers such as grilles or shields shall be fitted (see GB 16895.21). The enclosure may be opened only with a key or tool, with automatic disconnection on opening, or where all live parts are protected to at least IP2X or IPXXB (see GB 4208); insulation of live parts shall cover them completely, be removable only by destruction and withstand mechanical, chemical, electrical and thermal stresses in normal operation. 4.6.3 Protection against indirect contact is achieved by preventing hazardous touch voltages (class II equipment, effective insulation to GB/T 17045, electrical separation to GB 16895.21, an isolated or high-impedance neutral) or by automatic disconnection of the supply of all circuits affected by an insulation fault. 4.6.4 Protection by safety extra-low voltage: in SELV circuits all accessible parts may be regarded as not live, the AC peak voltage and the DC voltage not exceeding 42.4 V, or non-live parts being separated from live parts by a protective impedance limiting the current to 2 mA DC or 0.7 mA AC peak.

4.6.5 to 4.6.10 cover the selection of electrical components and equipment suited to the zone classification of GB 3836.14; fuses, which shall not be replaceable without a tool where the protected circuit extends outside the enclosure; the discharge of capacitors accessible in the operator access area to not more than 42.4 V peak and 20 J within 1 s, the stored energy being J = 5 x 10^-7 CV^2; the security of screws, nuts, washers and springs whose loosening could reduce clearances or creepage distances below 4.6.13; current-carrying parts of adequate mechanical strength and capacity, made of non-ferrous metal or stainless steel except in SELV circuits; and internal wiring with adequate routing space, smooth cable ducts and conductors chosen for size, temperature, voltage and exposure to oils or greases.