GB/Z 17626.32-2025Electromagnetic compatibility - Testing and measurement techniques - Part 32: High-altitude electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) simulator compendium (English PDF)

1 Scope

This document provides information on internationally available system-level High Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse (HEMP) simulators and their use in immunity testing and verification.

This document provides the first comprehensive list of high-altitude electromagnetic pulse simulators available worldwide, containing the necessary information for equipment certification.

This list should be updated regularly as the testing equipment changes.

The main content of this document contains 42 electromagnetic pulse (EMP) simulators that are in use or still available in 14 countries.

The relevant information was provided by the emulator's owner, and this document is not responsible for the accuracy of this information.

2 Normative references

The contents of the following documents, through normative references within the text, constitute essential provisions of this document. Dated citations are not included.

For references to documents, only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies.

This document.

IEC 61000-2-9 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 2.Environment Part 9.HEMP Environmental Description Radiated emissions ronment-Radiateddisturbance

Note. GB/T 18039.10-2018 Electromagnetic Compatibility Environment HEMP - Environmental Description of Radiated Disturbances (IEC 61000-2-9.1996, IDT)

3 General Principles

From the Earth's surface, the electromagnetic pulse produced by a nuclear explosion at an altitude of 30 km or higher can be categorized into three types.

---Early HEMP (fast);

---Mid-stage HEMP (intermediate)

---Late-stage HEMP (slow).

Historically, people have mainly focused on early HEMPs, referring to them simply as "HEMP". However, this document uses the term "EMP" or...

The term "HEMP" encompasses the three types of waveforms mentioned above. The term "NEMP1" covers various types of nuclear electromagnetic pulses, including those generated by ground explosions.

Nuclear electromagnetic pulse (SREMP)2) and nuclear electromagnetic pulse (SGEMP) generated by space systems3).

The HEMP environment discussed in this document is a radiated electromagnetic environment (incident wave plus possible ground reflection wave), where electromagnetic radiation irradiates...

When it reaches the outer surface of a system or device, it enters the interior of the device through a coupling process between the external and internal systems, generating [something] in a specific area inside the system or facility.

Induced voltage or induced current. The HEMP environment is generated at high altitudes and initially manifests as an external electromagnetic environment (including radiated and conducted loops).

For the environment, see IEC 61000-2-9 and IEC 61000-2-10). For each component, device, equipment, subsystem, and system within the installation, access to the relevant location is required.

The magnitude of the conducted and radiated environment at a location depends on the electromagnetic shielding performance provided by the enclosure and/or the conductive entry point of the mount or enclosure.

The level of protection against Electromagnetic Pulse (PoE) is assessed. A system-level electromagnetic pulse simulator is the most effective and reliable means of evaluating the effectiveness of these protective measures.

1) Nuclear electromagnetic pulse.

2) Source region electromagnetic pulse.

3) Electromagnetic pulses generated by the system.