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GB/T 45932-2025Common specifications for high-voltage direct current switchgear and controlgear standards (English PDF)

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Issued by

State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration

Level / Type

National · Recommended

Issue date

June 30, 2025

Implementation date

January 1, 2026

Scope

GB/T 45932-2025 (Common specifications for high-voltage direct current switchgear and controlgear standards) is available as an English-translated PDF.

GB/T 45932-2025 — This document defines the terms and definitions of high-voltage DC switchgear and controlgear, and specifies the conditions of use, ratings, design and construction.

The corresponding test methods are described. This document is applicable to DC equipment designed for installation indoors or outdoors and operating on high voltage DC systems with a DC voltage of 1.5 kV and above.

Switchgear and controlgear. Unless otherwise specified in the relevant product standards for specific types of switchgear and controlgear, this document applies to all high voltage DC switchgear and controlgear.

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Document preview — GB/T 45932-2025

National Standard of the People's Republic of China

ICS: 29.130.10
Classification: K 43

Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration

Preface
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and Definitions
3.1 General Terms and Definitions
3.2 Assembly of switchgear and controlgear
3.3 Components of the final assembly
3.4 Switchgear
3.5 Components of switchgear and controlgear
3.6 Operating characteristics of switchgear and controlgear
3.7 Characteristic parameters
4 Normal and special conditions of use
4.1 Normal use conditions
4.2 Special conditions of use
5 Rating
5.1 General Principles
5.2 Rated DC voltage (Urd)
5.3 Rated insulation level (Udd, Up and Us)
5.4 Rated continuous current (Ird)
5.5 Short-time withstand current rating
5.6 Rated supply voltage of auxiliary and control circuits (Ua)
5.7 Rated frequency of auxiliary and control circuit supply voltage
5.8 Rated pressure of compressed gas source for controlled pressure system
6 Design and Structure
6.1 Requirements for liquids in switchgear and controlgear
6.2 Gas requirements for switchgear and controlgear
6.3 Grounding of switchgear and controlgear
6.4 Auxiliary and control equipment and circuits
6.5 Power Operation
6.6 Energy Storage Operation
6.7 Operations that do not rely on non-locking (operations that do not rely on manpower or power)
6.8 Human-operated actuators
6.9 Trip Unit Operation
6.10 Pressure/Liquid Level Indicator
6.11 Nameplate
6.12 Interlocking device
6.13 Position indication
6.14 Degree of protection provided by enclosure
6.15 Selection of Outdoor Insulators
6.16 Gas and vacuum sealing
6.17 Liquid Sealing
6.18 Fire (flammability)
6.19 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)
6.20 X-ray emission
6.21 Corrosion
6.22 Insulation and/or switching, operating filling pressure/level
7 Type test
7.1 General Principles
7.2 Insulation test
7.3 Loop resistance measurement
7.4 Continuous current test
7.5 Short-time withstand current and peak withstand current test
7.6 Protection level verification
7.7 Sealing test
7.8 Electromagnetic compatibility test (EMC)
7.9 Additional tests on auxiliary and control circuits
7.10 X-ray test of vacuum interrupter
8 Factory test
8.1 General Principles
8.2 Insulation test of main circuit
8.3 Tests of auxiliary and control circuits
8.4 Measurement of main circuit resistance
8.5 Sealing test
8.6 Design Inspection and Appearance Inspection
9 Guidelines for the selection of switchgear and controlgear
9.1 Overview
9.2 Selection of Ratings
9.3 Cable Interface
9.4 Continuous and temporary overloads caused by changes in operating conditions
9.5 Environmental aspects
10 Information provided when making inquiries, bidding and placing orders
10.1 General Principles
10.2 Inquiry and Order Information
10.3 Bidding Documents
11 Rules for transportation, storage, installation, operation and maintenance
11.1 General Principles
11.2 Conditions during transportation, storage and installation
11.3 Installation
11.4 Run
11.5 Maintenance
12 Safety
12.1 Overview
12.2 Precautions by the manufacturer
12.3 Precautions for users
13 Impact of products on the environment 72
Appendix A (Informative) Example of Layout of Single-Pole Valve-Side Switchgear in HVDC Converter Stations
Appendix B (Informative) Pollution Level
B.1 Overview
B.2 Degree of filth
Appendix C (Normative) Preferred insulation levels for rated voltages below 105 kV
Appendix D (Informative) HVDC system short-circuit current
D.1 VSCHVDC
D.2 LCCHVDC
D.3 LCCHVDC DC Fault Special Case
D.4 HVDC systems with DC circuit breakers
D.5 Calculation of rated short-time withstand DC current
D.6 Calculation of Joule Integral (Ej)
Appendix E (Informative) Standards for Auxiliary and Control Circuit Components
Appendix F (Informative) List of Symbols
Appendix G (Normative) Rainproof test method for outdoor switchgear and control equipment
Appendix H (Normative) Tolerances of test parameters during the test
Appendix I (Informative) Extension of Type Test Validity
I.1 Overview
I.2 Insulation test
I.3 Short-time withstand current and peak withstand current test
I.4 Immunity test for auxiliary and control circuits
I.5 Environmental testing of auxiliary and control circuits
Appendix J (Normative) Confirmation of test sample
J.1 General Principles
J.2 Data
J.3 Drawing
Appendix K (Informative) Superimposed impulse voltage test circuit
K.1 Overview
K.2 Test circuit using DC blocking capacitors
K.3 Test circuit using a spherical gap
Appendix L (Normative) Information and technical requirements for enquiries, tenders and orders
L.1 General Principles
L.2 Normal and special conditions of use (see Chapter 4)
L.3 Rated value (see Chapter 5)
L.4 Design and construction (see Chapter 6)
L.5 System Information
L.6 Inquiry and Bid Documents
Appendix M (Informative) Field Measurement of Electromagnetic Compatibility
Reference
Figure 1 Typical waveform of short-circuit current in a HVDC system
Figure 2 Example of contact rating
Figure 3 Connection diagram of switch device
Figure 4 Schematic diagram of superimposed impulse voltage test
Figure 5 Test sequence for polarity reversal test
Figure 6 Test circuit diagram for radio interference voltage test
Figure 7 Location of the radiation measuring instrument
Figure A.1 Example of switchgear arrangement on the single-pole HVDC side of an HVDC converter station
Figure D.1 Worst-case VSCHVDC, pole-to-pole DC fault
Figure D.2 Worst-case LCCHVDC, pole-to-pole DC fault
Figure D.3 Special case of LCCHVDC worst case, pole-to-pole DC fault
Figure D.4 Worst-case HVDC system with DC circuit breaker, pole-to-pole DC fault
Figure D.5 Simplified model of DC circuit breaker
Figure D.6 Calculation of equivalent fault current for rated short-time withstand DC current
Figure G.1 Test arrangement for climate protection
Figure G.2 Nozzle 90 for climate protection test
Figure K.1 Test circuit for superimposed impulse test using DC blocking capacitors
Figure K.2 Test circuit for superimposed impact test using a spherical gap
Table 1 Rated insulation level
Table 2 DC voltage
Table 3 AC voltage
Table 4 Auxiliary contact rating
Table 5 Nameplate information
Table 6 Test conditions under normal circumstances
Table 7 Test conditions for impulse voltage test on isolating break (or opening break)
Table 8 Test conditions for superimposed impulse voltage test
Table 9 Test conditions for polarity reversal test
Table 10 Temperature and temperature rise limits of various components, materials and insulating media of high-voltage DC switchgear and control equipment
Table 11 Allowable Leakage Rate of Gas System
Table 12 Voltage application during electrical fast transient burst immunity test
Table 13 Voltage application during damped oscillation wave immunity test
Table 14 Evaluation criteria for transient interference immunity test
Table B.1 Examples of environments corresponding to DC site pollution levels
Table C.1 Preferred rated insulation levels for rated voltages below 105 kV
Table C.2 Rated insulation levels for medium voltage DC voltage levels on ships
Table C.3 Rated insulation level for rail transit
Table E.1 Reference standard list of auxiliary and control circuit components
Table F.1 Symbol List
Table H.1 Tolerances of test parameters during type test
Table J.1 Drawing
Table L.1 Normal and special conditions of use
Table L.2 Rating
Table L.3 Design and structure
Table L.4 System Information
Table L.5 Inquiry form and tender documents

Foreword

This document is in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Guidelines for standardization work Part 1: Structure and drafting rules for standardization documents" Drafting.

This document is modified to adopt IEC TS62271-5:2024 "High-voltage switchgear and controlgear Part 5: DC switchgear and controlgear" the document type was adjusted from IEC technical specification to my country's national standard.

The technical differences between this document and IEC TS62271-5:2024 and their reasons are as follows.

--- Changed the applicable voltage range to meet the actual situation of my country's power grid (see Chapter 1);

--- Regarding the normative reference documents, this document has made adjustments with technical differences to adapt to my country's technical conditions.

Reflected in Chapter 2 "Normative References", the specific adjustments are as follows.

- Normative reference GB/T 311.1-2012 replaces IEC 60071-1:2019;

- The normative reference GB 2536 replaces IEC 60296;

- Normative reference GB/T 4208-2017 replaces IEC 60529;

- Normative reference GB 4824 replaces CISPR11;

- The normative reference GB/T 5465.2 replaces IEC 60417;

- The normative reference GB/T 7354 replaces IEC 60270;

- GB/T 8905 is used as the normative reference instead of IEC 60480;

- Normative reference GB/T 11022-2020 replaces IEC 62271-1:2017;

- Normative reference GB/T 11287 replaces IEC 60255-21-1;

- Normative reference GB/T 11604 replaces IEC TRCISPR18-2;

- The normative reference GB/T 16927.1 replaces IEC 60060-1;

- Normative reference GB/T 17626.4 replaces IEC 61000-4-4;

- Normative reference GB/T 17626.11 replaces IEC 61000-4-11;

- Normative reference GB/T 17626.17 replaces IEC 61000-4-17;

- Normative reference GB/T 17626.18 replaces IEC 61000-4-18;

- Normative reference GB/T 17626.29 replaces IEC 61000-4-29;

- Normative reference GB/T 17627 replaces IEC 61180;

- Normative reference GB/T 17799.2 replaces IEC 61000-6-2;

- Normative reference GB/T 20138 replaces IEC 62262;

- Normative reference GB/T 21711.7-2018 replaces IEC 61810-7;

- Normative reference GB/T 22707 replaces IEC TR61245;

- The normative reference GB/T 24623 replaces IEC 60437;

- Normative reference GB/T 26218.4-2019 replaces IEC TS60815-4:2016;

- Deleted IEC 60038:2009, IEC 60050-614:2016, IEC 60050-811, IEC 60050-826:2022, IEC 60068-2-1:2007, IEC 60068-2-2:2007, IEC 60068-2-17:1994, IEC 60068-2-30:2005, IEC 60071-2:2018, IEC 60071-11:2022, IEC 60085:2007, IEC 60376, IEC 60512-2-2, IEC 60633:2019, IEC 61000-6-5, IEC 62271-4, CISPR16-1 (all parts);

- Added references to GB/T 762, GB/T 2423 (all parts), GB/T 2900.19-2022, GB/T 2900.20-2016, GB/T 4796.1, GB/T 4797 (all parts), GB/T 4798 (all parts), GB/T 5095.2, GB/T 12022, GB/T 28534, IEC 61850 (all parts), IEC TR 62271-306:2012 AMD1.2018;

--- Deleted the term 3.1.30 "multi-part test" in IEC TS62271-5:2024;

---According to the actual DC field pollution level classification standard in my country, confirm the normal and special use conditions of switches and control equipment.

the degree of filthiness (see Chapter 4);

---According to the actual power grid situation in my country, 5.2.2 is revised to ±105kV, ±168kV, ±210kV, ±265kV, ±340kV, ±408kV, ±525kV, ±630kV, ±695kV, ±816kV, ±1122kV (see 5.2.2);

--- The rated insulation level in Table 1 has been modified in accordance with the requirements of my country's insulation coordination (see 5.3);

--- Examples of other preferred values for increasing the rated short-circuit duration (see 5.5.4);

--- Modified the rated supply voltage standard value according to the actual situation of my country's power grid (see 5.6.2);

--- Changed the applicable frequency range to meet the actual situation of my country's power grid (see 5.7);

--- Added the requirement of "When the supply voltage is less than or equal to 30% of the rated supply voltage, it should not trip" to meet the actual situation (see 6.9);

--- Changed the lower limit of the power supply voltage from "70% (DC)" to "65% (DC)" to meet the actual situation in my country (see 6.9.3);

--- Added the requirements for type test cycle and factory transfer and off-site production to conform to the specific reality of my country (see 7.1.1);

--- Figure 5 has been improved (see 7.2.7.6);

--- Changed the selection judgment value of the rated continuous current error in 7.3.4.1 (see 7.3.4.1);

--- Changed the ambient temperature during the sealing test to coordinate with the relevant standards of my country (see 7.7.1);

--- Changed the test voltage value and duration of the insulation test of the auxiliary and control circuits in the factory test, and changed the "test voltage is 1kV, duration 1s" is changed to "test voltage 2kV, duration 1min, or test voltage 2.5kV, duration 1s. "(See 8.3.4);

--- Based on the actual situation of my country's power grid, Appendix C has been rewritten and changed to a normative appendix (see Appendix C);

--- Deleted Appendix N of IEC TS62271-5:2024 which is not related to my country's standard system.

The following editorial changes have been made to this document.

--- To be consistent with my country's standard system, the name of this document will be changed to "Common Technical Specifications for High-Voltage DC Switchgear and Control Equipment Standards Require";

---Deleted the content of 3.8 index;

--- The expression of the Joule integral of the test current in 7.5.3 has been modified according to mathematical logic. The original IEC text is incorrect;

--- Formula (1), Formula (2) and Formula (D.9) have been modified. The original IEC text is incorrect;

--- Based on the actual DC field pollution level classification standard in my country, Appendix B has been rewritten (see Appendix B).

1 Scope

This document defines the terms and definitions of high-voltage DC switchgear and controlgear, and specifies the conditions of use, ratings, design and construction.

The corresponding test methods are described.

This document is applicable to DC equipment designed for installation indoors or outdoors and operating on high voltage DC systems with a DC voltage of 1.5 kV and above.

Switchgear and controlgear.

Unless otherwise specified in the relevant product standards for specific types of switchgear and controlgear, this document applies to all high voltage DC switchgear and controlgear.

2 Normative references

The contents of the following documents constitute the essential clauses of this document through normative references in this document.

For referenced documents without a date, only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for referenced documents without a date, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.

GB/T 311.1-2012 Insulation coordination Part 1: Definitions, principles and rules (IEC 60071-1:2006, MOD) GB/T 762 Standard Current Levels (equiv. IEC 60059:1999) GB/T 2423 (all parts) Environmental testing for electric and electronic products Part 2: Test methods GB 2536 Unused mineral insulating oil for electrical fluid transformers and switches (GB 2536-2011, IEC 60296.

2003, MOD)

GB/T 2900.19-2022 Electrical terminology - High voltage test techniques and insulation coordination GB/T 2900.20-2016 Electrical terminology - High-voltage switchgear and controlgear [IEC 60050(441).1984, MOD] GB/T 4208-2017 Degrees of Protection Provided by Enclosures (IP Code) (IEC 60529:2013, IDT) GB/T 4796.1 Classification of environmental conditions Part 1: Environmental parameters and their severity (GB/T 4796.1-2017, IEC 60721-1:2002, IDT) GB/T 4797 (all parts) Classification of environmental conditions Natural environmental conditions [IEC 60721-2 (all parts)] GB/T 4798 (all parts) Classification of environmental conditions Classification of environmental parameter groups and their severity [IEC 60721-3 (all parts) part)] GB 4824 Industrial, scientific and medical equipment radio frequency disturbance characteristics limits and measurement methods (GB 4824-2025, CISPR11.

2024, IDT)

GB/T 5095.2 Basic test procedures and measurement methods for electromechanical components for electronic equipment Part 2: General inspection, electrical continuity and contact resistance test, insulation test and voltage stress test (GB/T 5095.2-1997, IEC 60512-2:1985, IDT) GB/T 5465.2 Graphical symbols for electrical equipment Part 2: Graphical symbols (GB/T 5465.2-2023, IEC 60417DB.

2023-03, IDT)

GB/T 7354 High Voltage Test Techniques Partial Discharge Measurement (GB/T 7354-2018, IEC 60270:2000, MOD) GB/T 8905 Guidelines for the management and detection of sulfur hexafluoride gases in electrical equipment (GB/T 8905-2012, IEC 60480; 2004, MOD) GB/T 11022-2020 Common technical requirements for high-voltage AC switchgear and controlgear standards (IEC 62271-1:2017,

......
This preview omits tables, figures, formulas and parts of the technical clauses. The complete document — 102 pages — is available in the English PDF.

Referenced standards

Normative references

GB/T 311.1-2012 · IEC 60071 · GB/T 762 · IEC 60059 · GB/T 2423 · IEC 60296 · GB/T 2900.20-2016 · IEC 60050 · IEC 60529 · GB/T 4796.1 · GB/T 4796.1-2017 · IEC 60721 · GB/T 4797 · GB/T 4798 · GB/T 5095.2 · GB/T 5095.2-1997 · IEC 60512 · IEC 60417 · IEC 60270 · IEC 60480 · IEC 62271

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