GB/T 42685-2023Terminology of power-driven vehicle inspection (English PDF)

3.1 Basic terms

3.1.1 Power-driven vehicle testing Measurements and tests that are carried out with the aid of equipment and instruments in order to determine the technical condition or working capabilities of motor vehicles.

3.1.2 Power-driven vehicle checking Use methods such as visual inspection, tool assistance, and instrument equipment assistance to conduct qualitative analysis of the vehicle's technical condition.

3.1.3 Power-driven vehicle inspection The work of testing and inspection to determine the technical condition of power-driven vehicles and determine whether they comply with relevant specific technical standards.

3.1.4 Testing parameter Direct and indirect indicators that adequately express the technical status of the test object.

3.1.5 Working parameter Parameters that can represent comprehensive information about power-driven vehicle detection objects. NOTE: Such as vehicle braking rate, headlight high beam luminous intensity, etc.

3.1.6 Procedure parameter Local information parameters that represent the local information parameters of the power- driven vehicle detection object. NOTE: Such as the amount of free rotation of the steering wheel, tire tread depth, etc.

3.1.7 Inspection standard The standards and criteria followed by the inspection object in terms of entities and procedures.

3.1.8 Power-driven vehicle experiment Test that is used to determine the technical characteristics of the vehicle and conduct tests on the power-driven vehicle or its parts and materials according to predetermined procedures. NOTE: Such as reliability test, durability test, electromagnetic compatibility test, etc.

3.1.9 Principle of similarity A research method that uses a model similar to the prototype to replace the prototype working machine.

3.1.10 Similarity criterion The dimensionless combination number used to judge the similarity between the model and the prototype.

3.1.11 Prototype experiment The experiment with object as the actual structure of the vehicle.

3.1.12 Model experiment The experiment, to obtain relevant data and check design defects, that is carried out on scaled- down or full-scale models of vehicles or components.

3.1.13 Orthogonal experiment The experiment that is conducted by selecting some representative points from the comprehensive experiment based on orthogonality.

3.1.14 Variance analysis The experiment that is used for the significance of the difference between the mean values of two or more vehicle parameter samples.

3.2 Inspection types and items

3.2.1 Road experiment Test instruments are installed on power-driven vehicles and experiments are conducted on roads that comply with regulations according to test conditions. NOTE: Such as vehicle braking distance, maximum stable vehicle speed, handling stability test, etc.

3.2.2 Bench experiment The experiment that simulates vehicle operating conditions on a specially designed test bench based on similar principles to obtain data similar to actual use.

3.2.3 Field experiment The controllable and repeatable vehicle experiment is conducted that uses simulated targets and scene elements.

3.2.4 Simulation experiment The experiment that simulates the effects of reality on a computer and uses virtual scenes to observe dynamic changes in vehicles.

3.2.5 Inspection for vehicle at end of production line The final inspection of the whole vehicle performance and quality after the completion of production of a new vehicle. NOTE: It is a necessary condition for delivery.

3.2.6 Inspection for unregistered vehicle Safety technical inspection and pollutant emission inspection that are conducted by inspection agencies on power-driven vehicles applying for registration. Inspection of harmful gases such as CO, HC, and NOX produced after combustion in power- driven vehicle engines.

3.2.11.4 Particle pollutants inspection Testing of harmful particulate matter such as soot and trace metal particles produced after the combustion of power-driven vehicle engines.

3.2.12 Online query The query that is conducted by a dedicated network for the information on driven-power vehicle accidents, violations, recalls due to safety defects and other information.

3.2.13 Inspection of parameters of vehicle characteristics Inspect the main characteristics and technical parameters of the power-driven vehicle such as the outer dimensions, curb weight/empty weight, and the approved number of passengers; and confirm that they are consistent with the national safety technical standards for power-driven vehicles, power-driven vehicle product announcements, power-driven vehicle exit-factory certificates, and power-driven driving license, and other technical certificate materials. [SOURCE: GB 38900-2020, 3.1.4]

3.2.14 Vehicle appearance inspection The inspection of power-driven vehicle body appearance, external lighting and signaling devices, tires, number plate (frames) and other items.

3.2.15 Safety device inspection The inspection of vehicle active and passive safety devices such as power-driven vehicle seat belts, emergency parking safety accessories, fire extinguishers, anti-lock braking devices, etc.

3.2.16 Chassis component inspection The inspection of steering, transmission, driving and braking system components and other chassis components of power-driven vehicles.

3.2.17 Steering wheel lateral sideslip inspection The inspection that uses side slip inspection platform to inspect the lateral slippage of the steering wheel.

3.2.18 Service brake performance inspection The inspection that uses road test or bench test inspect the driving braking performance of the power-driven vehicles.

3.3 Inspector

3.3.1 Driver of the vehicle under inspection In a power-driven vehicle inspection agency, a person who drives a power-driven vehicle for inspection and holds a valid power-driven vehicle driving license corresponding to the vehicle model under inspection.

3.3.2 Appearance inspector In the power-driven vehicle inspection agency, a person who cooperates with the driver of the vehicle under inspection to complete the online query of the inspected vehicle, vehicle uniqueness inspection, vehicle characteristic parameter inspection, vehicle appearance inspection, safety device inspection and pollutant emission appearance inspection in the external inspection shed (or external inspection workshop).

3.3.3 Chassis dynamic inspector In the power-driven vehicle inspection agency, a person who completes a chassis dynamic inspection by driving an inspected vehicle consistent with the approved model in the chassis dynamic inspection area. NOTE: It is allowed that the chassis dynamic inspector and the driver of the vehicle under inspection are the same person.

3.3.4 Chassis component inspector In a power-driven vehicle inspection agency, a person who cooperates with the driver of the vehicle under inspection to complete the inspection of chassis components of the vehicle under inspection in the inspection trench (or by using a vehicle lifting device).

3.3.5 Authorized signatory A person who is nominated by the power-driven vehicle inspection agency, and after passing the assessment by the qualification accreditation department, issue safety technology and pollutant emission inspection reports within the scope of their capabilities authorized by the qualification accreditation.

3.4.2 Traffic markings Traffic safety facilities that are composed of various lines, arrows, words, facade markings, raised road signs and outline signs drawn on the road surface.

3.4.3 Safety sign A sign that is used to convey specific safety information. NOTE: Safety signs consist of graphic symbols, safety colors, geometric shapes (borders) or text.

3.4.4 Pedestrian passageway In the power-driven vehicle inspection agency, isolation fences and inspection area are used to isolate and are dedicated to personnel passage.

3.4.5 Fire passageway A passage that is specially used by fire fighters to carry out rescue and evacuation of trapped persons.

3.4.6 Parking lot An area that is dedicated to parking vehicles to be inspected and vehicles that have been inspected shall be neatly planned and adapted to the inspection capabilities of the power-driven vehicle inspection agency.

3.4.7 Business hall A place that is used to receive power-driven vehicle inspectors to handle vehicle inspection- related business and procedures, and has an open business window, waiting area for inspection, etc.

3.4.8 Waiting area A special area that is set up in the power-driven vehicle inspection agency for vehicle inspectors to rest while waiting for the inspection report.

3.4.9 Appearance inspection shed A site that is used for manual safety technical inspection and pollutant emission appearance inspection of power-driven vehicles.

3.4.10 Chassis dynamic inspection area The area that can satisfy qualitatively judging whether the steering, transmission, braking, instruments and indicators of the power-driven vehicle meet the operation safety requirements in the driving state.

3.5 Inspection of instrument and equipment

3.5.1 Outline dimension automatic measuring instrument An instrument that automatically measures the outline length, width, and height of the vehicle.

3.5.2 Light transmittance meter The device that is used to measure the light transmittance of vehicle glass, transparent and translucent objects.

3.5.3 Retroreflection coefficient tester The device that is used for measuring the retroreflection coefficient of reflective materials.

3.5.4 Steering wheel angle/force measuring instrument The device that is used for measuring the steering angle/steering torque of steering wheel.

3.5.5 Play detector The Device that is installed in the inspection pit and used to inspect the gaps between matching components of the vehicle's steering system and suspension system.

3.5.6 Roller opposite forces type automobile brake tester The device that detects automobile braking performance by measuring the reaction force acting on the wheel braking force on the main drum. [SOURCE: GB/T 13564-2022, 3.1] The device that simulates the force conditions of a vehicle while driving and measures the vehicle's output power.

3.5.16 Exhaust analyzer The device that is composed of an analysis unit that can automatically measure the concentration of several or all gases such as HC, CO, CO2, NO, O2, NO2, etc.

3.5.17 Opacity meter The instrument that is used for continuously measuring the light absorption coefficient of automobile exhaust. [SOURCE: GB 3847-2018, 3.6, modified]

3.5.18 Nitrogen oxide analyzer The device that can automatically measure nitrogen oxide concentration.

3.5.19 Assistant driving performance testing equipment The device that tests various systems that assist the driver in maneuvering the vehicle or actively avoid/mitigate collision hazards.

3.5.20 Wheel aligner The instrument that is used for measuring vehicle wheel alignment parameters. [SOURCE: GB/T 33570-2017, 3.1]

3.5.21 New energy electric vehicle safety testing equipment The device that is used to detect various insulation, grounding performance, charging performance, etc. of new energy electric vehicles.

3.6 Management system

3.6.1 Management system document The documented management system. NOTE 1: It is the basis and evidence for the existence of the management system. NOTE 2: Generally includes four levels of content: quality manual, procedure documents, work instructions and records.

3.6.2 Quality policy The purpose and direction of the organization in terms of quality officially issued by the top management of the power-driven vehicle inspection agency.

3.6.3 Quality objective According to the quality policy, the power-driven vehicle inspection agency determines the quality results to be achieved.

3.6.4 Document control Management and operation of document preparation, review, approval, release, labeling, change and abolition.

3.6.5 Contract review After receiving the entrustment from the person submitting the vehicle for inspection, the activities that the power-driven vehicle inspection agency shall evaluate whether it has the capabilities and resources (qualifications, personnel, equipment, environment, deadlines, etc.) to meet the entrustment requirements.

3.6.6 Supplier evaluation The activity that is carried out by power-driven vehicle inspection agency to control and manage suppliers of services and items that have an impact on inspection quality. NOTE 1: Services include procurement of metrological verification and calibration services, maintenance and repair of equipment and facilities, personnel training, etc. NOTE 2: Items include inspection instruments and equipment (standard materials), auxiliary equipment, inspection software and consumable materials required for power-driven vehicle safety technical inspection and pollutant emission inspection.

3.6.7 Complaint handling procedure The activity that deals with complaints based on the vehicle inspection person's dissatisfaction with the activities of the power-driven vehicle inspection agency.

3.6.8 Nonconforming work Power-driven vehicle inspection and testing activity that does not meet the management system documents, inspection standards or technical specifications, or the requirements agreed with customers.

3.6.9 Correction Actions that are taken to eliminate discovered nonconformities.

3.6.10 Corrective action

3.6.19 Quality control To maintain the effectiveness of monitoring results, the operating techniques and activities that is adopted by power-driven vehicle inspection agency.

3.6.20 Inspection report A result report that is issued in accordance with the relevant inspection standards after the power-driven vehicle implements the inspection.

3.6.21 Result interpretation The statements, explanations and recommendations regarding the vehicle inspection results in the remarks column of the inspection report.

3.6.22 Technology management The full process management by the power-driven vehicle inspection agency that starts from identifying customer needs, converts customer needs into process inputs, and uses agency resources to carry out inspection activities.

3.6.23 Quality management When the power-driven inspection agency inspects, the activity that is mutually coordinated related to the quality of the work.

3.6.24 Proficiency testing According to the pre-established criteria, the same power-driven vehicle is selected, and the participants' abilities are evaluated by comparison between power-driven vehicle inspection agencies.

3.6.25 Inter-institution comparison The activity of selecting the same power-driven vehicle to conduct safety technical inspection and/or pollutant emission inspection at different power-driven vehicle inspection agencies, and comparing and analyzing the inspection results.

3.6.26 Intermediate check According to the provisions of prescribed procedures, the operations that are performed to determine whether the inspection equipment maintains its verification/calibration status. [SOURCE: GB/T 37536-2019, 3.6]

Note 1. 2. **Search (Optional).** Enter the keyword '**GB/T 42685-2023**' in the search bar, if it is not already shown. 3.

Note 2. 9.

Note 3. 10. **Verification (USD

Notes and Explanations