GB/T 32826-2026Guide for modelling photovoltaic power systems (English PDF)

6.1 Basic Requirements

6.1.1 The electromechanical transient model should be able to simulate power control, fault ride-through, and other electrical phenomena of the photovoltaic power generation system on a timescale of several cycles to tens of seconds. Control characteristics, and the ability to reflect the electrical characteristics of the photovoltaic power generation system's grid connection point (or point of common coupling) during environmental changes, power system faults, or disturbances. The results were validated through model verification and accuracy evaluation.

6.1.2 The electromechanical transient model should meet the electromechanical transient simulation requirements with a step size of 1ms to 10ms, and be able to perform initial simulations based on power flow calculation results. Initialization. Electrical quantities during the simulation process are represented by effective values.

6.1.3 The values of the electromechanical transient model parameters should be based on the rated capacity and rated voltage of the photovoltaic inverter or photovoltaic power generation system. The rated capacity of the power generation system should be the sum of the rated capacities of all photovoltaic inverters.

6.2 Overall Model Structure

6.2.1 The electromechanical transient model of the photovoltaic power generation system should consist of multiple photovoltaic power generation units, on-site step-up transformers, collection lines, and plant-level power control. The model consists of a control system, on-site reactive power compensation equipment, and energy storage equipment. The overall structure is shown in Figure 1. Figure

1.Structure of the electromechanical transient model of the photovoltaic power generation system

6.2.2 The electromechanical transient model of the photovoltaic power generation unit should consist of models of the photovoltaic generator set and the unit step-up transformer. The electrical transient model should consist of models of the photovoltaic array and the photovoltaic inverter, and the overall structure is shown in Figure 2. Figure

2.Electromechanical transient model structure of photovoltaic power generation unit

6.3 Photovoltaic Array Model The photovoltaic array model should be able to reflect the photoelectric conversion characteristics of the photovoltaic array in relation to the maximum power point power, irradiance, and temperature. (Photovoltaic array operation...) The application model is shown in Appendix C.

6.4 Electromechanical Transient Model of Photovoltaic Inverter

6.4.1 The electromechanical transient model of a photovoltaic inverter should include the control and protection section and the grid connection interface section.

6.4.2 A photovoltaic inverter with fault ride-through capability should have a model that reflects active power control, reactive power control, fault ride-through, and protection. The protective and other characteristics are shown in Figure

3.The recommended model is shown in Appendix D.

6.4.3 For photovoltaic inverters lacking fault ride-through capability, their models should be able to reflect active power control, reactive power control, and overvoltage drop power. The model structure is shown in Figure 4, and the recommended model is shown in Appendix E. Figure

3.Electromechanical transient model structure of a photovoltaic inverter with fault ride-through capability. Figure

4.Electromechanical transient model structure of a photovoltaic inverter without fault ride-through capability.

6.5 Plant-level power control system model The power control system model at the plant level should include active/frequency control, reactive/voltage control, and other components. A recommended model is shown in Appendix F.

7.1 Basic Requirements

7.1.1 The electromagnetic transient model should be able to simulate the power control, fault ride-through, and other electrical control functions of a photovoltaic power generation system on a timescale of tens of microseconds to several seconds. It can reflect the control characteristics and the electrical characteristics of the photovoltaic power generation system's grid connection point (or point of common coupling) during power system faults or disturbances, and through the model... Validation and accuracy evaluation.

7.1.2 The electromagnetic transient model should meet the electromagnetic transient simulation requirements with a step size of no more than 50 µs. The electrical quantities in the simulation process should be expressed as instantaneous values. express.

7.1.3 The values of the electromagnetic transient model parameters should be based on the rated capacity and rated voltage of the photovoltaic inverter or photovoltaic power generation system. The rated capacity of the power generation system should be the sum of the rated capacities of all photovoltaic inverters.

7.2 Overall Model Structure

7.2.1 The electromagnetic transient model of the photovoltaic power generation system should include the photovoltaic power generation unit, the collection line, the on-site step-up transformer, and the on-site reactive power compensation equipment. The model of the backup and energy storage equipment is shown in Figure 5. Figure

5.Electromagnetic transient model structure of photovoltaic power generation system

7.2.2 The electromagnetic transient model of the photovoltaic power generation unit should consist of models of the photovoltaic generator set and the unit's step-up transformer. The magnetic transient model should consist of models of the photovoltaic array and the photovoltaic inverter, and the overall structure is shown in Figure 6. Figure

7.4.1 Main Circuit Model

7.4.1.1 The main circuit model of the photovoltaic inverter should include DC capacitors, filters, DC/AC converter bridges, and DC/DC converter bridges (if any). And other steps.

7.4.1.2 The topology and parameters of DC capacitors and filters should be consistent with the actual equipment.

7.4.1.3 The models for DC/AC converter bridges and DC/DC converter bridges should be selected according to simulation requirements. Average value models or switching models can be used. Model.

7.4.2 Structured Model of Control System

7.4.2.1 The structured model of the photovoltaic inverter should provide a control strategy block diagram and provide the value range and default value of all parameters.

7.4.2.2 The structured model of a single-stage photovoltaic inverter should include a power outer loop, a current inner loop, fault ride-through, a phase-locked loop, and positive and negative sequence decoupling. The protection circuit and voltage modulation module, and other control circuits, are shown in Figure

7.The recommended model is shown in Appendix G.

7.4.2.3 The structured model of a two-stage photovoltaic inverter should include a power outer loop, a current inner loop, fault ride-through, a phase-locked loop, and positive and negative sequence decoupling. The control components, including protection circuits, DC voltage control, and voltage modulation modules, are shown in Figure

8.The recommended model is shown in Appendix G.

7.4.3 Control System Encapsulation Model

7.4.3.1 The packaging model of the photovoltaic inverter should be directly callable in electromagnetic transient simulation software, support multiple instantiations, and have multiple compilation capabilities. Device compatibility.

7.4.3.2 The packaging model of the photovoltaic inverter should provide open and modifiable parameters, including at least the following.

a) Various protection parameters such as voltage, current, and frequency.

b) Inverters with fault ride-through capability. low-voltage ride-through voltage threshold, dynamic reactive current proportional gain, active current coefficient Numbers; voltage threshold for high voltage ride-through, dynamic reactive current proportional gain, active power factor; active power recovery after fault clearance Complex rate.

c) Inverters without fault ride-through capability. trigger and exit thresholds for wave blocking, duration, and power recovery rate.

7.4.3.3 The packaging model of the photovoltaic inverter should provide input control signals for interfacing with other modules, including at least start/stop signals and active power signals. Power control command, reactive power control command (or power factor control command).

7.4.3.4 The packaging model of the photovoltaic inverter shall be provided with a model description document, which shall at least include the contents specified in Appendix H.