GB/T 28033-2011Methods of comprehensive evaluation for prints quality of monochrome laser printer (English PDF)

3.1 Black dot extraneousmarks

Refers to clearly identifiable toner particles or aggregates in the background area.

3.2 White point voids

Refers to clearly identifiable blanks or gaps in a solid map.

3.3 Deformation

Refers to undesired changes in the shape of the image and text.

3.4 Alignment registration

In the black and white monochrome laser printer test version, the electronic graphic file described in the "crosshair" mode is restored to the printed product.

When the center point of the X, Y coordinate point changes.

3.5 Neighborhood effect

Refers to the deposition of toner or toner in a non-image area adjacent to an image.

4.1 Temperature

18 ° C ~ 28 ° C.

4.2 Humidity

40%~60% RH.

4.3 Test bench illumination

600lx~1000lx.

5.1 reflection density meter

Repeatability. ±0.01D, accuracy. ±0.02D.

5.2 Whiteness meter (measuring blue light whiteness)

Measuring range. 0~199.9, repeatability. ±0.1.

5.3 friction testing machine

See Appendix A for requirements.

5.4 Vernier calipers and steel rulers

Vernier caliper. accuracy is not less than 0.02mm.

Steel ruler. The division value is not more than 0.5mm.

5.5 scale magnifier

10~20 times, the division value is not more than 0.1mm.

5.6 reading microscope

The division value is not more than 0.01 mm.

5.7 Test Paper

Standard quantitative 70~80g/m2 ordinary white A3, A4 copy paper.

5.8 Standard test version for testing

Comprehensive version, all black version, missing version, all white version, gray version and ghost generated by the supporting software of GB/T 22372-2008 standard

Photocopy.

5.9 Print Accuracy Beta

See Appendix B for instructions.

7.1 Sample Pretreatment

The print sample is tested after being placed in the test environment for at least 2 hours.

7.2 Print quality evaluation method

7.2.1 Related instructions

7.2.1.1

Instructions for use of the test version, see Table 1.

Table 1 Test item table

Version of the category test project

Comprehensive version

Skewness, straightness, diagonal error, parallelism, alignment, magnification, scan linearity

Image density, density non-uniformity, fixing fastness, resolution, defects in the effective area, gray scale (hierarchy), text printing, graphics

Like printing

Full black version effective printing area, white point

All white version of black spots, bottom gray

Table 1 (continued)

Version of the category test project

Missing plate missing (area, number)

Gray scale density non-uniformity

Ghost version ghost 7.2.1.2 When measuring with a reflection densitometer, 5 sheets of copy paper of the same batch as the sample shall be placed under the sample, and the absolute density shall be measured.

Degree value.

7.2.2 Printing accuracy

7.2.2.1 Skewness

Take the comprehensive test sample as a sample and place it on the sample with the print accuracy test version (see Figure 1). AB on print accuracy test version

The line and the top border line G of the sample coincide, and point A coincides with the upper left vertex of the sample border line. Measure two points C and D to the top edge of the sample

The distance between the distances is the skewness.

7.2.2.2 Straightness

Take the comprehensive version of the test sample as a sample, place the print accuracy test on the sample, and point A coincides with the upper left vertex of the sample border line.

When measuring horizontal straightness, it is required that the CD on the printing accuracy test plate is on the upper border line G of the sample; the requirement for measuring the vertical straightness is required.

The EF on the print accuracy test is on the left border line F of the sample. Take the line on the print accuracy test board as the baseline and use the reading

The microscope measures the maximum distance the sample line deviates from the baseline. Horizontal line straightness measures the maximum distance of the line between two points on the CD from the baseline

The vertical straightness measures the maximum distance of the line between the two points of the EF from the reference line, and calculates the straightness according to the formula (1).

Straightness = |L1/L0 |×100% (1)

In the formula.

L1---the maximum distance of the line on the sample from the reference line, mm;

L0---The length of the measured line, mm.

7.2.2.3 Diagonal error

Take the comprehensive test sample as a sample and measure the length of the two diagonals of the rectangle formed by the sample frame. The difference between the lengths is diagonal.

error.

Figure 1 Print accuracy test version of the pattern and laser printer comprehensive test version of the structure

7.2.2.4 Parallelism

Take a comprehensive version of the test sample as a sample and place it on the sample with a print accuracy test. AB line and sample on print accuracy test

The top border line G coincides, and point A coincides with the upper left vertex of the sample border line. Measure the two points C and D along the CI and DJ and the bottom of the sample.

The distance between the lines and the distance between them is the longitudinal parallelism.

The AK line on the print quality test version coincides with the left border line F of the sample, and point A coincides with the upper left vertex of the sample border line. measuring

The distance between E and F is along the distance between EG and FH and the right border line of the sample, and the difference between the distances is the horizontal parallelism.

7.2.2.5 Alignment

Take a comprehensive version of the test sample as a sample and place it on the sample with a print accuracy test. Pair of O points and samples on the print accuracy test

The intersection of the parity test coordinates P coincides, OM and ON are aligned with the corresponding sides, and the distance from the O point to the left side of the sample paper and the top edge of the paper is measured. according to

The standard values given in Table 2 calculate the difference between the measured value and the standard value.

Table 2 Alignment Value Table

Left margin of the web/mm top margin/mm

A3 40 140

A4 45 105

7.2.2.6 Magnification

Take the comprehensive test sample as a sample, and take two points at the interval of 100mm on the horizontal and vertical scales respectively, and measure the actual length.

Degree value L. Calculate the magnification according to equation (2).

Magnification = |L/100|×100% (2)

In the formula.

L---The length between two points on the sample, mm.

7.2.2.7 Scanning linearity

Take a comprehensive version of the test sample as a sample, take 25mm as a unit, and sample the 5 positions evenly distributed on the horizontal scale.

The standard caliper measures its actual length value L, and the maximum difference of the actual length value is calculated as scanning linearity.

7.2.2.8 Effective printing area

On the whole black version of the sample, the width of the upper and lower ends of the black area of the image is recorded as La1 and La2, and the heights of the left and right sides are recorded as Lb1 and Lb2, respectively.

The values of La1, La2, Lb1, and Lb2 are calculated according to formula (3).

Effective print area = (La1 La2)/2 × (Lb1 Lb2)/2 (3)

7.2.3 Density characteristics

7.2.3.1 Image density

The density values of the three solid circles of the upper left, middle left, and lower right labeled D on the comprehensive test sample are measured by a reflection densitometer.

The amount results are taken as the average of the density.

7.2.3.2 Density non-uniformity

The density value of the center position of the six solid circles on the comprehensive test sample is measured by a reflection densitometer, and the maximum value of the measured values is selected.

And the minimum value, the density unevenness is calculated according to the formula (4).

Use a reflection densitometer to measure the density values in the five circles in the same density region on the gray scale test sample, and select the measured values.

The maximum and minimum values are calculated according to equation (4).

Density non-uniformity = [(Dmax - Dmin)/Dmax] × 100% (4)

In the formula.

Dmax---maximum density;

Dmin - the minimum density.

7.2.4 Defects

7.2.4.1 bottom ash

The center circle area should be covered when making a full white test sample;

You can choose one of the following two test methods.

a) Use a reflection densitometer to measure the absolute density values in the four circles around the uncovered area, taking the largest value, recorded as D1, measured

The absolute density value in the center circle of the covered area is recorded as D2, and the difference of D1-D2 is calculated.

b) Place 5 copies of the same batch of copy paper under the test sample, and measure the 4 circles around the uncovered area with a whiteness meter.

The whiteness value, taking the smallest value, recorded as B1, measuring the whiteness value in the center circle of the covered area, recorded as B2, calculated

The difference between B2-B1.

7.2.4.2 Black spots

The number of black dots having a diameter greater than 0.1 mm on the full white test sample was measured with a graduated magnifying glass.

7.2.4.3 White point

The number of white dots having a diameter greater than 0.1 mm on the full black test sample was measured with a graduated magnifying glass.

7.2.4.4 Ghost

Observe the shadow of the Q word in each of the different gray areas in the second column of the ghost version test sample.

7.2.4.5 Missing

Observe the missing print on the missing print test sample, and measure the area and number of the miss print with a graduated magnifying glass.

7.2.4.6 Defects in the effective area

Observe the comprehensive test sample and check for the following obvious defects.

a) the effect of the neighbourhood;

b) text or image distortion;

c) the line is broken;

d) black rim;

e) The back is dirty.

7.2.5 Detail features

7.2.5.1 Resolution

Use a graduated magnifying glass to observe the resolution map of the five areas labeled E in the comprehensive test sample, which can clearly distinguish the highest

The line number is the judgment value.

7.2.5.2 Text printing

Observe and evaluate the degree of sharpness of the text handwriting marked L on the comprehensive test sample.

7.2.5.3 Image printing

Observe and evaluate the degree of detail that can be resolved in the dark portion of the top of the image of the image area labeled M on the comprehensive test sample.

7.2.6 Gray level (level)

Observe the 16-level grayscale map labeled C on the comprehensive test sample.

Use instrumental measurements when visually discriminating.

Visually inspect the density difference series on the comprehensive test sample with different density gray levels that can be clearly distinguished continuously.

When the visual discrimination is controversial, the density value of the center position of each level of the gray level of the sample is measured by a reflection densitometer, and is judged according to the formula (5).

(5) is the density series that can be continuously resolved.

Di 1-Di >0.04 (5)

In the formula.

i --- the order number of the gray level (i = 1 ~ 15);

Di---The density value of the i-th gray level on the sample.

7.2.7 Fixing fastness

Center the center of any solid circle in the middle part labeled D on the comprehensive test sample to pass the center point and sample.

A line parallel to the top or side of the sheet is cut into a 30 mm wide strip as a sample, and the solid circle is measured by a reflective optical densitometer.

The density value before D.

Then place the sample on the friction tester, place the test point at the center of the friction table, then rub back and forth twice, then measure the reflection.

After the density value D.

The fixing fastness is calculated according to the formula (6).

Fixing fastness = D after/D before × 100% (6)

8.1 Test Identification Information

The test report should include the printer model, batch, inspection date, test environment, inspection operator, and so on.

8.2 Instrument System

The test report should include the name, model, etc. of the instrument used.

8.3 Results

The test results of each evaluation item shall be clearly indicated in the test report.

Appendix A (normative appendix)

Basic requirements for friction testing machine

A.1 The friction tester shall meet the following requirements

A.1.1 Power supply

Voltage. 220V;

Frequency. 50 Hz.

A.1.2 Friction head load

400g ± 20g.

A.1.3 Diaphragm cylindrical surface diameter

40mm.

A.1.4 Radius of the cylindrical surface of the friction table. not less than.200mm.

A.1.5 Friction stroke

20mm~25mm.

A.1.6 Friction frequency

30 times/min.

A.1.7 It has the functions of automatic counting and preset friction times.

Note. It is recommended to use the MC-2 friction tester developed by the National Office Equipment and Consumables Quality Supervision and Inspection Center.

A.2 Test

A.2.1 Fix the specimen on the friction test bench and tighten the specimen to prevent loosening.

A.2.2 Adjust the friction head load to 400g.

A.2.3 Prepare the W7 metallographic sandpaper for friction and cut the sandpaper into a 10mm~15mm wide sandpaper strip.

A.2.4 Clamp the sandpaper strip on the friction head, and the sandpaper is not allowed to wrinkle.

A.2.5 For each test piece, rotate the friction head once to ensure that the surface of the sandpaper is not reused and replace the sandpaper strip at the right time.

Appendix B (normative appendix)

Print accuracy test description

B.1 Print accuracy test version is used to assist in measuring the printing accuracy of laser printer prints. The test version of the media is transparencies (see

Figure B.1).

Figure B.1 Print accuracy test pattern

The basic dimensions and limit deviations of the B.2 test version are as follows.

A4. Frame width 210mm ± 0.2mm length 297mm ± 0.3mm

AB 198mm±0.2mm AK 285mm±0.3mm

CD 170mm ± 0.15mm EF 260mm ± 0.25mm

OM 50mm±0.05mm ON 110mm±0.1mm

A3. Frame width 297mm ± 0.3mm length 420mm ± 0.4mm

AB 285mm±0.3mm AK 408mm±0.4mm

CD 260mm ± 0.25mm EF 390mm ± 0.4mm

OM 45mm±0.05mm ON 45mm±0.15mm […]