GB/T 27974-2011Methods for the chemical analysis of fly ash and coal gangue used as building materials (English PDF)
建材用粉煤灰及煤矸石化学分析方法
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Issued by
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine; Standardization Administration of the PRC
Level / Type
National · Recommended
Issue date
December 30, 2011
Implementation date
October 1, 2012
Scope
GB/T 27974-2011 is the English-translated version of 建材用粉煤灰及煤矸石化学分析方法.
China's national methods for the chemical analysis of fly ash and coal gangue used as building materials. It specifies the analytical procedures for determining the composition of these two materials, and it applies to fly ash and coal gangue used in building materials and to other materials to which the methods are applicable. Fly ash is what a coal-fired power station collects from its flue gas, and coal gangue is the rock removed with the coal at the mine. Both are wastes produced in enormous quantity, and both are used in cement and concrete in enormous quantity - fly ash as a supplementary cementitious material that replaces part of the clinker, and coal gangue as a raw material for cement and for fired bricks. The economics are compelling on every side: the power station and the mine are relieved of a disposal problem, the cement works reduces its clinker factor and with it its fuel and its carbon dioxide, and the concrete gains durability. What stands between that and a usable product is analysis. Fly ash and gangue are not manufactured materials with a specification; they are whatever the coal and the boiler happened to produce that week, and their composition moves with the coal seam, the combustion conditions and the collection system. A cement works blending twenty per cent fly ash into its product needs to know the silica, alumina, iron oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, sulphur trioxide, alkali and loss on ignition of the material it is receiving, and needs the figures to mean the same thing as the supplier's. This standard is that common method. Issued on 30 December 2011 and in force since 1 October 2012.
Document preview — GB/T 27974-2011
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
- ICS
- 91.100.10
- Classification
- Q 11
Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine; Standardization Administration of the PRC
Contents
- ForewordI
- 1 Scope1
- 2 Normative references1
- Basic requirements 3 Test1
- 4 Reagents and materials2
- 5 Instruments and equipment10
- 6 Sample preparation12
- 7 Determination of moisture drying method ---12
- 8 - Determination of loss on ignition ignition subtraction ---12
- 9 Determination of silicon dioxide --- potassium fluosilicate volumetric method13
- 10 Determination of ferric oxide --- EDTA Direct Titration14
- 11 Determination of aluminum oxide of lead salt --- back drops - ammonium fluoride replacement method (Reference method)14
- 12 Copper sulfate back titration (on behalf of usage)15
- 13 Determination of titanium dioxide --- two methane antipyrine spectrophotometric method16
- 14 Determination of calcium oxide --- EDTA titration16
- 15 Determination of magnesia --- EDTA titration Subtraction17
- 16 Determination of a manganese oxide --- effects on oxidation assay18
- 17 Determination of sulfur trioxide --- Ai Shika method (Reference method)19
- 18 Determination of sulfur trioxide --- coulometric titration (on behalf of usage)19
- 19 Determination of potassium oxide and sodium oxide flame photometry ---20
- 20 Determination of free calcium oxide glycol method ---21
- 21 Repeatability limit and reproducibility limit21
Foreword
This standard was drafted in accordance with GB/T 1.1-2009 given rules.
The standard proposed by China Building Materials Federation.
This standard by the National Standardization Technical Committee cement (SAC/TC184) centralized.
This standard is drafted by: China Building Materials Academy, Henan CAS New Materials Co., China Building Materials Inspection
Inspection certification center.
Participated in the drafting of this standard. Beijing Branch of building automation equipment Limited.
The main drafters of this standard. Liu Long, Cui Jian, Liu Sheng, wearing flat, in grams of filial piety, Wang Wenru, Wang Ruihai, Nizhu Jun, Secretary Zhengkai.
Coal fly ash for building and chemical analysis methods
1 Scope
This standard specifies the analysis of building materials of fly ash and coal gangue chemical methods.
This standard applies to the use of building materials and other materials of fly ash and coal gangue and specified in this standard.
2 Normative references
The following documents for the application of this document is essential. For dated references, only the dated version suitable for use herein
Member. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies to this document.
Laboratory use specifications and test methods GB/T 6682 Analysis
GB/T 12573 cement sampling method Basic requirements 3 trials 3.1 the number of tests and requirements Each test frequency is twice, indicating that the measurement result by the average of the two test results. During chemical analysis, unless otherwise stated, loss on ignition must be measured at the same time; the other assays blank test should be carried out simultaneously Experience, and corrected measurement results. It represents 3.2 mass, volume, titer and results Grams (g) represents the mass, accurate to 0.0001g. Burette volume in milliliters (mL) said accurate to 0.05mL. Single titer Indicates milligrams per milliliter (mg/mL). Titer and standard titration solution volume ratio after rounding reserved four significant figures. Unless otherwise indicated, the results of the analysis are mass fraction. Analysis of the results expressed as a percentage to two decimal places after. Using the same quantities of reagents, no test, tested in accordance with the same measurement step, the measurement result is corrected.
3.4 Burning
The filter paper and the precipitate is fired and the constant has been previously placed in a crucible, in order to avoid generating a flame dried slowly in an oxidizing atmosphere, ashing,
Ashing to no black carbon particles, into the high-temperature furnace (5.7), and at a predetermined temperature burning. Cool to room temperature in the desiccator (5.5), the Weighing.
After the first burning, cooling, weighing, by continuous burning for every 15min, then cooled, weighing method to check the constant quality
Amount, when the difference is less than two consecutive weighing 0.0005g, which reached constant.
3.6 Check Cl- chlorine ions (silver nitrate test)
The precipitate was washed several times as required, the lower end with a few drops of water rinse funnel with a few milliliters of water washed filter paper and precipitate, and the filtrate was collected in a test
Remaining clauses in the full document
- 4 Reagents and materials
- 5 Instruments and equipment
- 6 Sample preparation
- 7 Determination of moisture drying method ---
- 8 - Determination of loss on ignition ignition subtraction ---
- 9 Determination of silicon dioxide --- potassium fluosilicate volumetric method
- 10 Determination of ferric oxide --- EDTA Direct Titration
- 11 Determination of aluminum oxide of lead salt --- back drops - ammonium fluoride replacement method (Reference method)
- 12 Copper sulfate back titration (on behalf of usage)
- 13 Determination of titanium dioxide --- two methane antipyrine spectrophotometric method
- 14 Determination of calcium oxide --- EDTA titration
- 15 Determination of magnesia --- EDTA titration Subtraction
- 16 Determination of a manganese oxide --- effects on oxidation assay
- 17 Determination of sulfur trioxide --- Ai Shika method (Reference method)
- 18 Determination of sulfur trioxide --- coulometric titration (on behalf of usage)
- 19 Determination of potassium oxide and sodium oxide flame photometry ---
- 20 Determination of free calcium oxide glycol method ---
- 21 Repeatability limit and reproducibility limit
......
This preview omits tables, figures, formulas and parts of the technical clauses. The complete document — 24 pages — is available in the English PDF.
Referenced standards
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