GB/T 19515-2023Road vehicles—Recyclability and recoverability rate —Requirement and calculation method (English PDF)

3.1 Vehicle mass

mV

The total mass in running condition, without driver, passengers and cargo, but with the fuel tank filled with 90% of the total capacity, with on-board tools and spare tires (if these are provided by the vehicle manufacturer as standard equipment). [Source: GB/T 3730.2-1996, 4.6, with modifications]

3.2 Proven recycling technology

Currently existing technologies for recycling automotive materials that have reached batch or trial production scale.

3.3 Recyclability rate

Rcyc

The percentage of mass of the parts of the vehicle that can be recycled and/or reused to the vehicle mass.

5.1 Requirements for vehicle recyclability rate

The recyclability rate of categories M1 and N1 vehicles shall not be less than 85%.

5.2 Requirements for vehicle recoverability rate

The recoverability rate of categories M1 and N1 vehicles shall not be less than 95%.

6.1 General

6.1.1 The calculation of the recyclability rate and recoverability rate of the entire vehicle shall be based on the vehicle material data, which is collected from the supply chain and the proven recycling technology.

6.1.2 Plastic, rubber, thermoplastic elastomer parts shall have the material type marked on the surface of the part, in accordance with the requirements of QC/T 797. For parts of other material types, it shall have a recoverability mark on the outer surface in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 26988; or it shall describe the technical information such as the recoverability and recovery technology of the parts in the technical documents, such as the scrapped vehicle dismantling instruction manual. The preparation of the scrapped vehicle dismantling instruction manual shall meet the requirements of GB/T 33460.

6.1.3 The recyclability rate and recoverability rate of the vehicle are calculated through the following four stages:

a) Preprocessing;

b) Dismantling;

c) Metal separation;

d) Disposal of non-metallic residues.

6.1.4 mP, mD, mM can be obtained in the calculations of 6.1.3a), 6.1.3b), 6.1.3c), respectively. The mTr and mTe can be determined in the 6.1.3 d) stage (see 6.3.4). The data expression method for calculating the vehicle recyclability rate and recoverability rate shall comply with the provisions of Appendix A; the graphical expression method can refer to Appendix B.

6.2 Classification of materials

6.2.1 Divide all materials making up the vehicle into the following 7 categories:

a) Metal;

b) Polymers (excluding rubber);

c) Rubber;

d) Glass;

e) Liquids [including fuel, engine oil, transmission oil, gearbox (including differential and transfer case) oil, power steering oil, coolant, brake fluid, shock absorber oil, air conditioning refrigerant, windshield cleaning fluid, hydraulic suspension fluid, etc.];

6.2.2 According to the data sheet in Appendix A, record statistics and determine the total mass of each type of material.

6.2.3 The classification of materials can be carried out when calculating the mass of materials at each stage specified in 6.3.

6.3 Determination of mP, mD, mM, mTr, mTe

6.3.1 Preprocessing - Determine mP

6.3.1.1 The parts and/or materials processed in the pre-processing stage mainly include:

a) All liquids;

b) Batteries (including lead-acid batteries, lithium-ion batteries, metal hydride nickel batteries, fuel cells, etc.);

c) Engine oil filter;

d) Pressure fuel tanks (including liquefied petroleum gas tanks, compressed natural gas tanks, hydrogen storage tanks, other gas fuel tanks, etc.);

e) Tires;

f) Catalytic system (including catalytic converter, SCR selective catalytic system, DPF diesel exhaust particle trap, etc.).

6.3.1.2 Parts and/or materials described in 6.3.1.1 are considered reusable or recyclable.

6.3.1.3 According to Appendix A, record the total mass of parts and/or materials in 6.3.1.1, to determine mP.

6.3.2 Disassembly - Determine mD

6.3.2.1 Based on the principles listed in 6.3.2.2 ~ 6.3.2.7, determine other parts on the vehicle that are considered to be reusable or recyclable.

6.3.2.2 During the disassembly stage, parts that are considered to be reusable and/or recyclable shall be disassembled. The disassembly of parts shall be evaluated, through the following aspects:

a) The location of the parts on the vehicle is accessible;

b) The fastening method of parts has disassembly technology.

6.3.2.3 When determining the recyclability of parts, the safety and environmental requirements for recyclable parts shall be met. Parts that do not meet the safety and environmental requirements are considered non-reusable.

6.3.2.4 Parts and/or materials that meet the disassembly requirements of 6.3.2.2 and meet the following conditions can be considered recyclable:

a) The material composition of metal parts or non-metal parts has been marked, in accordance with GB/T 26988 or QC/T 797, and/or the material type and recyclability information are described in the scrapped vehicle dismantling manual;

b) The material type of non-metallic parts has proven recycling technology for automotive non-metallic materials listed in Appendix C.

6.3.2.5 Parts listed in mD shall meet the following requirements at the same time:

a) Parts or materials meet the disassembly requirements specified in 6.3.2.2;

b) The disassembled parts can be reused or meet the conditions for recycling specified in 6.3.2.4.

6.3.2.6 Based on the principles mentioned in 6.3.2.5, determine the scope of disassembled parts, such as front bumper skin, door sill exterior panels, door sill interior panels, A/B/C pillar linings, window glass, windshield glass etc.

6.3.2.7 After determining the list of reusable and/or recyclable parts in the disassembly stage, record statistics and determine the total mass mD of the parts.

6.3.3 Metal separation - Determine mM

6.3.3.1 The metal separation stage mainly considers all metal parts not considered in the two stages of preprocessing and disassembly. All metal parts are considered to be recyclable.

6.3.3.2 Statistically record the mass of the metal parts still remaining in the vehicle after the preprocessing and disassembly stages. Determine mM.

6.3.4 Treatment of non-metallic residues - Determine mTr and mTe

6.3.4.1 The remaining other materials (i.e., materials not considered in the preprocessing, disassembly, metal separation stages) are non-metallic residues.

6.3.4.2 At this stage, the residual non-metallic recyclable materials or these materials and residual non-metallic recyclable materials may be considered:

a) The material composition of non-metal parts has been marked in accordance with GB/T 26988 or QC/T 797; and/or the material type and recoverability information are described in the scrapped vehicle dismantling manual. At the same time, the material mass mTr that can be reused is determined, based on the proven recycling technology in Appendix C.

b) In non-metallic residues, the material mass corresponding to the energy recovery portion can be determined as mTe.

6.4 Calculation of vehicle recyclability and recoverability rate

6.4.1 Vehicle recyclability rate

Use formula (1) to calculate the vehicle recyclability rate Rcyc (expressed as mass fraction).

6.4.2 Vehicle recoverability rate

Use formula (2) to calculate the vehicle recoverability rate Rcov (expressed in mass fraction).

6.4.3 Data recording requirements

The data for calculation of recyclability rate and recoverability rate, based on this document, shall be recorded in accordance with the provisions of Appendix A. […]