GB/T 14459-2026Sampling inspection rules by attributes for precious metal adornments (English PDF)

5.3 Classification of Quality Characteristics

5.3.1 Main Quality Characteristics of the Product This includes precious metal content, harmful substances (harmful elements), mechanical and physical properties, quality, markings, and appearance.

5.3.2 Classification of Product Quality Characteristics Precious metal jewelry products are classified into Class A and Class B based on their quality characteristics. Products failing to meet Class A quality characteristics are considered Class A non-compliant. Non-compliance with Class B quality characteristics is considered a Class B non-conformity. If a unit of product has one or more Class A non-conformities, there may also be other non-conformities. If a product fails to meet Category B standards, it is classified as a Category A defective product. If only Category B defects occur in a single unit of product, it is classified as a Category B defective product. Precious metals The product quality characteristics classification and implementation standards for jewelry shall be implemented in accordance with Table 1.

5.4.1 Lot-by-lot sampling inspection of products

5.4.1.1 Lot-by-lot sampling inspection of precious metal jewelry mainly targets Class B quality characteristics, following the normal single sampling method in GB/T 2828.1. The case shall be handled accordingly. The composition, quantity, and method of batch identification proposed by the supplier shall be designated or approved by the responsible department.

Note. The responsible department is generally the quality department within the product supplier's organization (first party), the purchasing party or purchasing organization (second party), or an independent verification or certification body. (Third party), or any other party to the functions described in the agreement between the parties.

5.4.1.2 The batch size, inspection level, AQL value, and single sampling plan for the batch-by-batch sampling inspection of products shall be implemented in accordance with Table 2.

5.4.1.3 When the batch size is smaller than the sample size, full inspection shall be performed.

5.4.2 Periodic inspection of products by count sampling

5.4.2.1 Enterprises should appropriately stipulate inspection cycles, and, according to the single sampling plan of GB/T 2829, conduct batch-by-batch inspections of products produced during the current cycle. Samples are drawn from one or more batches of the product to periodically inspect the quality characteristics of type A and type B.

5.4.2.2 In the product technical standards or purchase contract, the enterprise shall specify the approximate duration of stable production process, testing time, etc. for the product. The testing period should be appropriately specified, usually for 1 month, 2 months, 3 months, half a year, or even 1 or 2 years.

5.4.2.3 Precious metal jewelry has certain unique characteristics. Enterprises should tailor their products and services to different needs based on their own economic strength, technical level, and craftsmanship. Choose an appropriate discrimination level for each product category. When strong discrimination capability is required and economically feasible, use discrimination level III; when... When a strong discrimination ability is required, or when a strong discrimination ability is required but not fully feasible economically, discrimination level II is adopted. when If the required discrimination ability is not strong or if the economy does not allow for the use of discrimination levels II and III, then discrimination level I shall be used.

5.4.2.4 The discrimination level, RQL value, and single sampling plan for periodic inspection of products shall be implemented in accordance with Table 3.

5.4.3 Product quality verification by sampling inspection

5.4.3.1 Principles of Product Quality Verification by Attribute Sampling Inspection Product quality verification and sampling inspection are carried out by a third party on the overall products that have passed acceptance, and the number of inspections is determined according to the verification needs. Overall. Products within the overall verification scope can be from the same manufacturer, batch, and production cycle, or from different batches and production cycles. The products manufactured. When the total population being checked is greater than 250 and the ratio of the population to the sample size is greater than 10, it shall be determined in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 2828.4. When determining the sampling plan, if the total population to be checked is no more than 250, the sampling plan shall be determined in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 2828.11.

5.4.3.2 Sampling for Overall Quality Verification When the total quantity to be checked is greater than 250, the limiting quality ratio (DQR) and claimed quality level of the product's quality check count sampling inspection are... The DQL (Discretionary Quality Level) and single sampling plan are implemented as shown in Table 4.

5.4.3.3 Sampling for Small-Scale Overall Quality Verification When the total number of products to be inspected is no more than 250, the inspection level selected for the product quality inspection count sampling is 0 (i.e., the limit number of nonconforming products L is 0). For a sampling plan with a claimed quality level (DQL) of 1, the sample size shall be as shown in Table 5.

5.5 Sample Extraction Methods

5.5.1 A sample of units of product shall be drawn from the batch using a simple random sampling method.

5.5.2 When conducting content testing, the different parts of the sample being tested and their proportions in the whole sample should be fully considered. Samples were taken from different parts of the body, then the sample pieces were cut into small pieces, mixed, and then the samples were weighed randomly.

5.6 Sampling Inspection Basis The inspection items and test methods for the products shall comply with the specifications of GB 11887, GB 28480, GB/T 31912, QB/T 1690, and QB/T 2062. The decision will be made.

6.1 Handling after batch-by-batch inspection

6.1.1 Batch Acceptability If the number of nonconforming items found in the sample is less than or equal to the accepted quantity, the batch is accepted; if the number of nonconforming items found in the sample is less than or equal to the accepted quantity, the batch is accepted. If the number is greater than or equal to the number of rejections, the batch is deemed unacceptable.

6.1.2 Handling of Unacceptable Batch The responsible department should decide how to handle unacceptable batches. Such batches can be sorted (with or without replacing defective products), reworked, or recycled.

6.1.3 Non-conforming products If a batch has been accepted, the right to refuse any nonconforming products discovered during inspection is reserved, regardless of whether the product constitutes part of the sample. The identified non-conforming products can be reworked or replaced with conforming products. With the approval of the responsible department, they can be submitted again in accordance with the procedures stipulated by the responsible department. Submit for inspection.

6.1.4 Resubmission of batches If a batch is found to be unacceptable, all parties should be notified immediately. All units in the batch are re-inspected until it is confirmed that they have been properly inspected. Such batches should not be submitted again until all nonconforming items have been removed or replaced with conforming items. The responsible department should determine whether re-inspection includes all categories. Does the non-conformity type only include specific types that result in batch rejection during the initial inspection?

6.2 Post-periodic inspection procedures

6.2.1 Method for determining whether a periodic inspection is qualified or unqualified

6.2.1.1 Based on the sample inspection results, the following rules shall be followed for judgment.

a) If the number of nonconforming items found in the sample is less than or equal to the acceptance number, the batch is deemed acceptable.

b) If the number of nonconforming items found in the sample is greater than the rejection number, the batch is deemed nonconforming.

6.2.1.2 Only when all samples are deemed (qualified) according to the established sampling plan will the periodic inspection of the product represented by that periodic inspection be ultimately deemed (qualified). If the product fails the cycle inspection, the cycle inspection of the product represented by that cycle inspection is deemed unqualified.

6.2.2 Procedures for handling items that pass periodic inspection After passing the periodic inspection this cycle, the batches of products represented by this periodic inspection that have passed batch-by-batch inspection can be delivered to the distributor or... Temporarily stored in the warehouse.

6.2.3 Handling methods for non-conforming periodic inspections

6.2.3.1 If the periodic inspection fails to meet the requirements for this cycle, the company's quality management department shall thoroughly investigate the reasons for the failure and report to the superior department. Supervise the quality department.

6.2.3.2 If the periodic inspection fails due to equipment malfunction or operational error, a repeat periodic inspection is permitted; if... If the cause of a periodic inspection failure can be corrected immediately, the product manufactured after the cause of the failure has been corrected may be used for periodic inspection; if it causes a periodic failure... If products that fail inspection can be removed through screening or repaired, then the screened or repaired products are allowed to undergo cycle testing. test.

6.2.3.3 If the periodic inspection failure does not fall under any of the above circumstances, then the product represented by it should have its batch-by-batch inspection suspended, and the product should undergo batch-by-batch inspection. Products that have passed inspection and are now in storage will no longer be delivered to distributors. Products already delivered to distributors should, in principle, be returned to the company or resolved through mutual agreement. Meanwhile, [the company will temporarily suspend/... Stop normal batch production of the product represented by this periodic inspection. Corrective action should only be taken under the supervision of the superior quality department. Products manufactured later can only resume normal mass production and batch-by-batch inspection after passing periodic inspections.

6.2.4 Special Cases for Periodic Inspection When a product is stopped for more than one cycle and then resumes production, or when there are significant changes to the product's design, process, or materials, a cycle should be conducted. Periodic inspection. Only after passing the periodic inspection can normal mass production and batch-by-batch inspection proceed.

6.3 Post-quality inspection and verification procedures

6.3.1 Handling of Non-conforming Products Any nonconforming items found in the sample should not be returned to the remainder of the audited population.

6.3.2 Judgment Criteria If the number of nonconforming items d found in the sample is less than or equal to the nonconforming item limit L, then the sampling inspection is considered (qualified) and can be considered to have passed the verification. If the number of nonconforming items d found in the sample is greater than the limit number of nonconforming items L, i.e. the sampling inspection is unqualified, the inspection population can be considered unqualified. Qualified. If the party being inspected disagrees with the assessment result, they may apply for a review.

6.3.3 Statistical Interpretation of Sampling Inspection Conclusions When the sample size of the sampling plan is small, the probability of judging the non-compliant check population as qualified is relatively high, and the test conclusion should be written as follows: The phrase "does not negate the claimed quality level of the audited population" can also be written as "the sampling inspection of the audited population was qualified" if necessary, but should not be written as "the audited population". "Qualified" means that the department in charge is not responsible for confirming the overall qualification of the sampled products.

6.3.4 Follow-up inspection The review includes re-inspection and re-testing. The re-testing results obtained in accordance with GB/T 16306 shall be considered the final quality characteristics of the sample product. result.

Note. Retesting refers to further testing of the sample product under conditions of repeatability, reproducibility, or intermediate precision. The re-inspection samples do not include the sample units from the initial inspection samples. The re-inspection sampling plan follows the procedures specified in GB/T 16306 to retrieve the re-inspection samples. The sampling plan was reviewed. The results of the retest are final.