GB 38451-2019Respiratory protection - Self-contained open-circuit compressed air breathing apparatus for escape (English PDF)

4.1 And

4.2 for code numbers and rated protection time marks. The letters F and G represent composite gas cylinders and steel gas cylinders, respectively. Example 1. Full-faced self-contained open-circuit compressed air escape respirator, using a composite gas cylinder, with a rated protection time of 15min ~ 20min, which is marked as. Escape breathing apparatus GB 38451-FF-F-

15 The meaning of each element in the mark is as follows: FF

--- full face mask; F

--- composite gas cylinder; 15

--- The rated protection time is 15min ~ 20min. Example 2. A hood-type self-contained open-circuit compressed air escape respirator using a steel gas cylinder with a rated protection time of 10min ~ 15min, which is marked as. Escape breathing apparatus GB 38451-HG-

10 The meaning of each element in the mark is as follows: H

--- steel cylinder; 10

--- The rated protection time is 10min ~ 15min.

5.1 Design requirements Check in accordance with

6.2 and evaluate in 6.12.The design of the respirator should meet the following requirements.

a) Respirators should be simple, compact, reliable, and easy to inspect based on information provided by the manufacturer;

b) The respirator should have no protruding parts or sharp edges, and the respirator should not be hung when the wearer passes through a narrow passage;

c) The surface of the parts of the respirator that may come into contact with the wearer should be free of sharp edges and burrs;

d) the respirator should be able to maintain its full function when in any direction;

e) The respirator should be easy to wear and put into use, and it can be worn quickly even in adverse conditions such as dark and confined spaces;

f) The installation position of the cylinder valve of the respirator should be convenient for the wearer to quickly open the cylinder valve;

g) the respirator should have a device for filtering impurities in the compressed air;

h) The respirator should be able to display the cylinder pressure in real time.

5.2 Material requirements Check in accordance with

6.2 and evaluate in 6.12.The respirator material should meet the following requirements.

a) The materials used in the respirator should have appropriate mechanical strength and corrosion resistance;

b) The materials used in the respirator should be resistant to the cleaning agents and disinfectants recommended by the manufacturer without significant damage after cleaning and disinfection;

c) Materials on the respirator that may come into direct contact with the user's skin should be non-irritating to the skin and not harmful to health;

d) If the manufacturer declares that the product can be used in a flammable and explosive environment, bare parts on the respirator should not use aluminum, magnesium, titanium and their alloys;

e) If the manufacturer declares that the product can be used in a flammable and explosive environment, the surface resistance of the respirator backing material must not exceed 1 × 109Omega. Method test of

26.13 in GB 3836.1-2010.

5.3 Performance requirements

5.3.1 Quality After the cylinder is filled with gas, the overall weight of the respirator (excluding the carrying case) should not exceed 6.5kg.

5.3.2 Rated protection time Tested according to the method of 6.5, the rated protection time of the respirator should meet the classification requirements of its mark.

5.3.3 Respiratory resistance Tested according to method 6.6, the respiratory resistance of the respirator should meet the following requirements.

a) For a hood-type respirator, when the cylinder is full pressure to 5MPa, the breathing frequency is 40 times/min, the tidal volume is 2.5L/breath, and the breath is exhaled Both resistance and suction resistance should not be greater than 1000Pa. When the cylinder pressure is 5MPa ~ 1MPa, the breathing rate is 25 times/min. The tidal volume is 2L/breath, the exhalation resistance and the inhalation resistance should not be greater than 500Pa.

b) For full-face respirator, when the pressure of the cylinder reaches 5MPa, the breathing frequency is 40 times/min, and the tidal volume is 2.5L/breath. Positive pressure should be maintained in the mask. When the cylinder pressure is 5MPa ~ 1MPa, the breathing frequency is 25 times/min, and the tidal volume is 2L/time. Inhalation and exhalation resistance should not be greater than 800Pa.

5.3.4 Carbon dioxide content in inhaled gas Tested according to method 6.7, the content of carbon dioxide in the inhaled gas should not exceed 1.8%.

5.3.5 Leak rate Tested according to method 6.8, the leakage rate of the respirator should meet the following requirements.

a) For full-face respirators, the average leak rate for at least 8 of the 10 subjects should not exceed 0.01%.

b) For hood-type respirators, the average leakage rate (oral and nasal area) of at least 8 of the 10 subjects should not exceed 0.05%.

5.3.6 Temperature resistance

5.3.6.1 General requirements The respirator should work without failure at -15 °C ~ 60 °C. Respirators for special temperature ranges shall be tested and marked as specified Temperature conditions. The respirator should meet the breathing resistance specified in

5.3.6.3 under the maximum and minimum temperatures in the specified temperature range.

5.3.6.2 Low-temperature respiratory resistance According to the method of 6.6.4, the hood type respirator requires that the low-temperature inhalation resistance should not exceed 500Pa, and the low-temperature exhalation resistance should not exceed 700Pa; Full-facepiece respirators require that positive pressure be maintained in the full-facepiece at all times, and low-temperature exhalation resistance should not exceed 1000Pa.

5.3.6.3 High-temperature breathing resistance Tested according to 6.6.5, the hood type respirator requires that the high-temperature inhalation resistance should not exceed 500Pa, and the exhalation resistance should not exceed 700Pa; Full-facepiece respirators require that positive pressure be maintained in the full-facepiece at all times, and high-temperature exhalation resistance should not exceed 1000Pa.

5.3.7 Static pressure Tested according to the method of 6.9, under equilibrium conditions, the pressure in the cavity of the full face mask should not be greater than 500Pa.

Note. This indicator is for full-face respirators only.

5.3.8 Air tightness Tested according to the

6.10 method, the respirator (excluding the mask) should be tested for air tightness under a positive pressure of 750Pa. After the pressure stabilizes, the pressure becomes It should be no more than 30Pa within 1min.

5.3.9 Flammability Test sequentially in accordance with 6.11, 6.10, and 6.6.All parts of the respirator that may be exposed to the flame should have flame retardant properties. The burning time should be no more than 5s. After the test, the respirator should still maintain air tightness, meet the requirements of

5.3.3 respiratory resistance, and there should be no interruption of air supply phenomenon.

5.3.10 Practical performance According to the method of 6.12, under the conditions of simulated use, for the performance that is difficult to evaluate by other test methods, subjective evaluation is provided by the subject. The following requirements should be met.

a) The respirator should be tested under normal conditions for normal temperature practical performance and low temperature practical performance;

b) In any activity, if any subject fails to complete the specified activity because the respirator is not suitable for its intended use, then Find the respirator unqualified;

c) If the respirator fails the test, the laboratory shall describe the test method in detail so that other laboratories can repeat the test process.

5.3.11 Mechanical strength Tested according to the methods of

6.4 and 6.6, the respirator should have no visible damage after vibration treatment, and the breathing resistance should meet the requirements of 5.3.3.

5.4.1 Mask

5.4.1.1 Hood The hood should meet the following requirements.

a) The hood and breathing hose should be firmly connected, and the hood design should be easy to remove. In practical performance tests, the hood should remain stable on the head Stable (use headband if necessary) and comfortable.

b) The window of the hood should be firmly combined with the hood material. In the practical performance test, the window should ensure that the field of view is not distorted and the field of view is not affected To the effect, fogging of the window should not seriously damage the vision of the hood. When the surface of the window is sprayed with anti-fog material, the material should His performance has no effect, and it is non-irritating to the skin and harmless to health.

c) The impact resistance of the window should be tested according to the method specified in

6.13 of GB 2626-2006 to ensure that the window has no impact after impact. Breakdown and no cracking. After the test, the leakage rate test shall be performed in accordance with the requirements of 5.3.5.

d) Tested in accordance with GB/T 12586-2003 Method B. The sample of the hood material (excluding the window and neck seal) has been flexed 5000 times. There should be no visible damage after scratching.

e) Tested in accordance with GB/T 529-2008 Method B (using a right-angled specimen with a notch), the hood material (excluding the window and neck seals) Sealing ring) The tear strength of the sample is not less than 20N.

f) According to the method of 6.13, the joint strength of the hood material should not be less than 30N.

g) On the premise of ensuring that the protective performance and use performance meet the requirements, the hood can include a water blocking hood and an exhalation valve to increase the Comfort.

5.4.1.2 Full face mask Full face masks should meet the following requirements.

a) The full-face tight-fitting frame should closely fit the contours of the human face without obvious tenderness; the full-face fixing system should have sufficient strength And elastic, and should be adjustable according to the needs of the wearer. The combined strength of the fixing system and the full face mask should not be less than 50N. test In accordance with the provisions of 6.2,

b) According to the method of

6.8 in GB 2890-2009, the full-face mask should have a wide field of vision, and the vision should be true without distortion. Total visual field retention is not small At 70%, the binocular visual field retention rate is not less than 55%, and the lower visual field is not less than 35 °.

c) Tested in accordance with the method of GB/T 16556-2007 Appendix B, the full-face lens should be able to withstand a speed of 44.2m/s and a diameter of 3mm The impact of the steel ball should be no visible cracks or broken after the test.

5.4.7 Pressure indicator Check in accordance with method

6.2 and test in method 6.12.The pressure indicator shall meet the following requirements.

a) The respirator should be equipped with a reliable pressure indicator that can indicate the maximum inflation pressure of the cylinder;

b) The range of the pressure indicator should be at least 5 MPa greater than the maximum inflation pressure of the cylinder; the reading of the pressure indicator should be the same as that of the cylinder valve. Switch status is irrelevant;

c) The pressure indicator shall be provided with an explosion-proof mechanism to protect the wearer from injury, and the window material shall be made of a transparent material that is not easily broken;

d) When the pressure indicator ruptures, the leakage gas flow under its maximum inflation pressure shall not be greater than 25L/min.

5.4.8 Gas cylinder valve According to the methods of

6.2 inspection and

6.12 test, the cylinder valve shall meet the following requirements.

a) As a special equipment, the cylinder valve should pass the corresponding type inspection to ensure its safety performance.If necessary, ask the manufacturer for the type Inspection report;

b) The switch of the gas cylinder valve can be a pin type or a knob type, and its structure design should make the gas cylinder valve easy to open automatically or quickly by hand;

c) The structure of the cylinder valve should be such that the cylinder valve will not be closed unintentionally after opening;

d) The gas cylinder valve shall include gas input and output ports. The gas input port should be internally threaded and the thread size is G5/8, and its tolerance should be Meet the requirements of Table 1 in GB/T 7307-2001.

5.4.9 Gas cylinder Inspection according to 6.2, gas cylinders shall meet the following requirements.

a) Steel gas cylinders shall meet the requirements of GB/T 5099-1994;

b) Composite gas cylinders shall meet the requirements of GB/T 28053.

5.4.10 Carrying gear Check in accordance with Method

6.2 and Test in Method 6.12.The respirator should include a harness or similar parts so that the user can Put your hands up. The design of the harness should ensure that the user can wear the respirator quickly, simply and correctly without assistance.

5.5 Information to be provided by the manufacturer Check in accordance with 6.2, each set of respirators should provide instructions for use in Chinese, so that personnel can easily master the use. About product selection, use The content of use and maintenance shall be consistent with the relevant requirements of GB/T 18664-2002, and shall include at least the following information.

a) should be provided with the smallest sales package;

b) scope of application and restrictions;

c) the correct method of wearing and removing the respirator should be given in the form of pictures and text;

d) Information on proper wearing, use, maintenance, care, charging (if applicable), storage and shelf life, recommended usage temperature and storage temperature Degree and humidity range;

e) The product should indicate the contact information with the manufacturer or its designated service provider for users to understand the breathing of a certain model in a specific environment. And other information about the suitability of the device;

f) The user should be informed that the compressed air in the respirator cylinders should comply with GB/T 13277.1;

g) the information should be clear, and help explanations such as commentary, part number and labeling can be added;

h) The warning should give the problems that the product may encounter, such as. use in explosive environments, problems that may occur during wearing, etc .;

i) A description of typical failures, causes, and remedies.

6.1 Test samples and test environmental conditions

6.1.1 Test samples Unless otherwise required, 2 samples shall be tested, and the temperature and humidity shall be pretreated according to the provisions of

6.3 before testing. Samples should conform to product identification The description is functional.

6.1.2 Subject requirements In the low-temperature use performance test and practical performance test, when the subject is involved in the test, the subject should meet GB/T 23465- According to the requirements of

4.2 in.2009, the routine tests of the subjects' ECG, heart rate, and blood pressure should be qualified.

6.1.3 Test environmental conditions Unless otherwise specified, the tests shall be performed under the following environmental conditions.

a) Temperature range. 16 °C ~ 32 °C;

b) Humidity range. Relative humidity is 20% ~ 80%.

6.2 Apparent inspection

6.2.1 Before the laboratory performance test, an apparent inspection should be performed, including disassembly according to the manufacturer's use and maintenance manual.

6.2.2 Appearance inspections should include information on the identification of the respirator, information provided by the manufacturer, Evaluation.

6.3 Temperature and humidity pretreatment Exposing all parts of the sample to the air, follow these steps in order.

a) placed in a dry environment at (70 ± 3) °C and relative humidity less than 20% for (72 ± 3) h;

b) placed in a humid environment at (70 ± 3) °C and relative humidity 95% ~ 100% for (72 ± 3) h;

c) Store in a low temperature environment at (-30 ± 3) °C for (24 ± 1) h. When the sample is processed by temperature and humidity, the cylinder pressure should not exceed 1/2 of the maximum inflation pressure; before and after each step, Under thermal shock, the temperature gradient of the temperature and humidity cabinet should not exceed 2 °C/min.

6.4 Mechanical strength

6.4.1 Test device The mechanical strength test device is shown in Figure 1. The test device contains a steel container (K) w...