T/CSAE 54-2016Performance requirements and bench test methods for automobile steering knuckle assembly (English PDF)

4.1 General requirements

4.1.1 Steering knuckle

The steering knuckle shall comply with the drawings and technical documentation requirements approved in accordance with the prescribed procedures. The sample should be clean and free of rust, burrs, cracks and its surface and internal defects.

4.1.2 Product Classification

4.1.2.1 Products are divided into cast knuckles and forged knuckles according to the type of production.

4.1.2.2 The products are divided into commercial vehicle steering knuckles and passenger car steering knuckles by model.

4.2 Performance

4.2.1 Positive impact

According to the requirements of 5.2.1, the impact test shall be carried out, and the sample shall reach the specified impact energy without cracking,, damage, and the ball pin shall be disengaged.

Impacts such as knuckles affect the performance of the steering knuckle, or 100% flaw detection without cracks.

4.2.2 Energy absorption shock

According to the requirements of 5.2.2, the impact test shall be carried out, and the sample shall not break, crack, break or break the ball.

Impacts such as knuckles affect the performance of the steering knuckle, or 100% flaw detection without cracks. Calculated from the bending part of the shock absorber, the bending angle should be greater than 5°.

4.2.3 Main pin hole impact

According to the requirements of 5.2.3, the impact test shall be carried out, and the sample shall not break, crack, break, and the ball pin shall be disengaged.

Impacts such as knuckles affect the performance of the steering knuckle, or 100% flaw detection without cracks.

4.2.4 Knuckle arm impact

According to the requirements of 5.2.4, the impact test shall be carried out, and the sample shall not break, crack, break or break the ball.

Impacts such as knuckles affect the performance of the steering knuckle, or 100% flaw detection without cracks.

4.3 Environment

4.3.1 Corrosion resistance

After the corrosion resistance test according to the requirements of 5.3.1, the rust spread under one side of the sample cutting line paint film shall not exceed 2 mm.

4.4 Reliability

4.4.1 Assembly durability

After the assembly durability test according to the requirements of 5.4.1, the sample shall not be damaged, cracked or damaged, which may affect the performance of the steering knuckle.

Injury, or 100% flaw detection without cracks.

4.4.2 Knuckle arm durability

T/CSAE XX-2016

After the knuckle arm durability test is carried out according to the requirements of 5.4.2, the ball joint at the ball joint pin joint is not loose, and the sample shall not be broken after the test.

Cracks, breakage, etc. affect the knuckle performance damage, or 100% flaw detection without cracks.

5.1 Test conditions

5.1.1 Temperature deviation

This standard specifies that the temperature deviation in the test method is ±2 °C, unless otherwise specified.

5.1.2 Installation and connection of steering knuckle

The installation of the steering knuckle on the test bench must be rigidly and reliably connected. The strength of the test fixture must be greater than the strength of the test specimen. The bolt must Tighten according to the specified values of the drawings. If there is no regulation, follow the requirements in Table 1.

Table 1 Torque table for threaded joints

Thread type pitch/mm Standard torque value/Nm Torque allowable range/Nm M10 1.25 60 52-68 M12 1.25 110 100~120 M14 1.5 180 160~200

5.1.3 Testing equipment requirements

5.1.3.1 Automobile steering knuckle assembly impact performance test device

a) The test equipment is a device that can apply an impact load to the knuckle at the impact position. The diameter of the impact surface of the punch is not less than Phi40 mm;

b) Instruments and instruments that instruct and record the parameters of the test, the accuracy is not less than 2.5;

c) The test fixture and threaded joints are made of 40Cr or SCM435 with a hardness of HRC 39 to 43 and a thread mechanical performance rating of 12.9.

5.1.3.2 Automobile steering knuckle assembly durability test device

a) The power output device of the test equipment shall meet the test requirements;

b) The test rig shall have a device that applies a symmetrical cyclic load of a sinusoidal waveform with an error of no more than 5% applied;

c) Instruments and instruments that instruct and record the parameters of the test, the accuracy is not less than 2.5;

d) The test device shall have an automatic counting device that automatically records the number of tests for durability;

e) The test fixture and threaded joints are made of 40Cr or SCM435, hardness HRC39-43, and thread mechanical performance grade 12.9.

5.1.3.3 Salt spray test chamber

The error between the actual temperature and the set temperature in the test chamber should not exceed ±1 °C; the speed of salt spray settlement requires. after 24 h spray, each the solution collected by the collector should be 1 cm3/h to 2 cm3/h in terms of 80 cm2.

5.1.4 Flaw detection

The steering knuckle is tested by flaw detection. The specific detection method is implemented according to JB/T 4730-2005 "Non-destructive testing standards for pressure equipment".

5.2 Performance

5.2.1 Positive impact

5.2.1.1 Positive normal temperature impact

T/CSAE XX-2016

In front of the vehicle in the direction Impact point P

5.2.1.1.1 The impact height h and the impact weight G are determined by both the supplier and the buyer.

5.2.1.1.2 Install the steering knuckle as shown in Figure 1, so that the impact direction is perpendicular to the rim plane, using the quick release mechanism of the test equipment the punch fell just below the edge of the rim.

5.2.1.1.3 After the test is finished, the weak parts of the sample mounting hole part, the thin wall part, the transition rounded root part, etc. are detected and recorded.

Damage to the damaged part or crack detection by 100% flaw detection.

Note. X is the distance from the impact point to the center of the hub, ie the maximum radius of the outer edge of the wheel.

Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the forward impact test device

5.2.1.2 Positive low temperature impact

5.2.1.2.1 After the sample to be tested is placed in a low temperature environment of -40 °C for 8 h, it is taken out for testing.

5.2.1.2.2 Test according to the forward temperature impact test procedure of 5.2.1.1.

Note. When performing the low temperature impact test, the clamping and testing should be completed within 10 minutes.

5.2.2 Energy absorption shock

Rim

Hub axle

Knuckle

T/CSAE XX-2016

5.2.2.1 Energy absorption at room temperature

5.2.2.1.1 The impact height h and the impact weight G are determined by both the supplier and the buyer.

5.2.2.1.2 Install the steering knuckle as shown in Figure 2, using the quick release mechanism of the test equipment, so that the punch falls just outside the shock absorber Upper end.

5.2.2.1.3 After the test is finished, the weak parts such as the sample mounting hole part, the thin wall part and the transition rounded root are tested and recorded.

Damage to the damaged part or crack detection by 100% flaw detection.

5.2.2.2 Energy absorption low temperature impact

5.2.2.2.1 The sample to be tested is taken out in a low temperature environment of -40 °C for 8 h and then taken out for testing;

5.2.2.2.2 Test according to the 5.2.2.1 energy absorption normal temperature impact test procedure.

Note. When performing the low temperature impact test, the clamping and test should be completed within 10 minutes.

Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the energy absorption impact test device

5.2.3 Main pin hole impact

5.2.3.1 Main pin hole normal temperature impact

5.2.3.1.1 The impact height h and the impact weight G are determined by both the supplier and the buyer.

5.2.3.1.2 Install the steering knuckle as shown in Figure 3, using the quick release mechanism of the test equipment to allow the punch to fall exactly at the center of the ball.

Set.

5.2.3.1.3 After the test is finished, the weak parts of the sample mounting hole part, the thin wall part, the transition rounded root part, etc. are detected and recorded.

Damage to the damaged part or crack detection by 100% flaw detection.

5.2.3.2 Main pin hole low temperature impact

5.2.3.2.1 After the sample to be tested is placed in a low temperature environment of -40 °C for 8 h, it is taken out for testing;

5.2.3.2.2 Test according to the 5.2.3.1 main pin hole normal temperature impact test procedure.

Note. When performing the low temperature impact test, the clamping and testing should be completed within 10 minutes.

Shock absorber assembly Impact bend Knuckle T/CSAE XX-2016

Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the main pin hole impact test device

5.2.4 Knuckle arm impact

5.2.4.1 Knuckle arm normal temperature impact

5.2.4.1.1 The impact height h and the impact weight G are determined by both the supplier and the buyer.

5.2.4.1.2 Install the steering knuckle as shown in Figure 4 a) so that the hub surface is placed horizontally, using the quick release mechanism of the test equipment to allow the punch Falling falls just in the center of the ball.

5.2.4.1.3 Install the steering knuckle as shown in Figure 4 b) so that the knuckle arm is at an angle to the horizontal plane. This angle should be provided by the manufacturer.

With the quick release mechanism of the test equipment, the punch falls just in the center of the ball. Then impact in the opposite direction of the two angles.

5.2.4.1.4 After the test is completed, the weak parts such as the sample mounting hole part, the thin wall part, and the transition rounded root are tested and recorded.

Damage to the damaged part or crack detection by 100% flaw detection.

5.2.4.2 Knuckle arm low temperature impact

5.2.4.2.1 After the sample to be tested is placed in a low temperature environment of -40 °C for 8 h, it is taken out for testing;

5.2.4.2.2 Test according to the 5.2.4.1 main pin hole normal temperature impact test procedure.

Note. When performing the low temperature impact test, the clamping and testing should be completed within 10 minutes.

Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the knuckle arm impact test device

Ball pin

Fasten to actual torque Knuckle arm Ball pin h Fasten to actual torque Ball pin Hub face T/CSAE XX-2016

5.3 Environment

5.3.1 Corrosion resistance

5.3.1.1 Perform the test method specified in 4.1.11a) of QC/T 484-1999.

5.3.1.2 It is required to inspect the sample at intervals of 48 h and record the corrosion of the sample. After 96 h, check each time at 72 h.

After the inspection, the sample should be changed position, and the test time should be at least 150 h.

5.4 Reliability

5.4.1 Assembly durability

5.4.1.1 The sample is mounted on the knuckle bench test bench through the clamp. The force loading direction and loading position are shown in Figure 5. Surrounding connection as far as possible according to the actual state or the use of solid parts, the tightening torque is carried out according to Table 1.

5.4.1.2 Carry out the loading test according to the number of times specified in Table 2 and the longitudinal force, lateral force and vertical force cycle. The loading frequency is 3 Hz to 5 Hz.

5.4.1.3 The loading force is calculated according to the fatigue test of the drawing. If the drawing does not require it, it is calculated according to the following formula.

a) front steering knuckle

1) Longitudinal force gGF fX ·=- 2 GGF gfX

·· = 065.02

2) Lateral force

3) Vertical force

5.21

b) rear steering knuckle

1) Longitudinal force gGF rX ·=- 2 GGF grX

··-= 065.02

2) Lateral force

T/CSAE XX-2016

GGF

GGF

3) Vertical force

5.21 RZ

GgF ·=