QC/T 1247-2025Greenhouse gases - Quantification methods and requirements for product carbon footprint - Traction batteries of vehicles (English PDF)

3.1 Carbon footprint of a product; CFP

The sum of GHG emissions and GHG removals in the product system, expressed in carbon dioxide equivalents; life cycle assessment is conducted based on climate change as the single environmental impact type.

[Source: GB/T 24067-2024, 3.1.1]

3.2 Partial carbon footprint of a product; partial CFP

The sum of GHG emissions and GHG removals during one or more selected stages or processes throughout the product lifecycle, expressed in carbon dioxide equivalents.

[Source: GB/T 24067-2024, 3.1.2]

3.3 Process emission

Greenhouse gas emissions caused by physical or chemical changes other than fuel combustion during production, waste treatment and disposal, and other processes.

[Source: GB/T 32150-2015, 3.8]

3.4 Functional unit

A benchmark unit used to quantify the functions of a product system.

[Source: GB/T 24067-2024, 3.3.7]

3.5 Declared unit

A benchmark unit used to quantify the partial carbon footprint of a product.

Example: mass (1 kg of crude steel), volume (1 L of crude oil).

[Source: GB/T 24067-2024, 3.3.8]

3.6 System boundary

A set of criteria is used to determine which unit processes are part of the product system.

[Source: GB/T 24067-2024, 3.3.4]

3.7 Activity data

The measure of the amount of production or consumption activities that result in greenhouse gas emissions.

NOTE: Such as the consumption of various fossil fuels, the use of raw materials, the amount of electricity purchased, and the amount of heat purchased.

[Source: GB/T 32150-2015, 3.12]

3.8 Primary data

Quantified values of processes or activities obtained through direct measurement or calculations based on direct measurement.

NOTE 1: Primary data does not necessarily have to come from the product system under study, as it may involve other product systems that are comparable to the product system under study.

NOTE 2: Primary data may include greenhouse gas emission factors or greenhouse gas activity data.

[Source: GB/T 24067-2024, 3.6.1]

3.9 Site-specific data

Primary data obtained from within the product system.

NOTE 1: All site-specific data are primary data, but not all primary data are site-specific data, as the data may be obtained from different product systems.

NOTE 2: The site-specific data includes greenhouse gas emissions and removals for a specific unit process within the site.

[Source: GB/T 24067-2024, 3.6.2]

3.10 Secondary data

Data that does not meet the requirements for primary data.

NOTE 1: Secondary data refers to data verified and deemed reliable by authoritative institutions. It can be derived from databases, publicly available literature, national emission factors, calculated estimates, or other representative data. Localized databases are recommended.

NOTE 2: Secondary data may include data obtained from substitution processes or estimations.

[Source: GB/T 24067-2024, 3.6.3]

3.11 Data quality

The ability of data to meet the stated requirements.

[Source: GB/T 24044-2008, 3.19]

3.12 Data quality rating; DQR

The results of a semi-quantitative assessment of data quality based on temporal representativeness, technical representativeness, geographical representativeness, and data source representativeness.

3.13 Carbon offsetting

A mechanism that, outside the boundaries of the product system under study, fully or partially offsets the product's carbon footprint or partial carbon footprint by avoiding, reducing, or eliminating greenhouse gas emissions.

Example: Investments outside of the relevant product system, such as investments in renewable energy technologies, energy efficiency measures, afforestation and/or reforestation.

NOTE: Carbon offsetting is not permitted in the quantification of product carbon footprint or partial carbon footprint. Information exchange regarding carbon offsetting is not within the scope of this document.

[Source: GB/T 24067-2024, 3.1.7]

3.14 Biomass material

Biological materials, excluding materials buried in geological structures and materials transformed into fossils.

Example: such as trees, crops, grass, tree debris, algae, animals, bio-fertilizers, etc.

3.15 Virgin materials

Raw materials obtained from nature for the first time, without any prior processing.

3.16 Recycled materials

Materials that have lost their original use value are processed to regain their use value.

[Source: GB/T 26989-2011, 2.4.10]

3.17 Traction battery; propulsion battery

A battery that provides energy to the power system of an electric vehicle.

[Source: GB/T 19596-2017, 3.3.1.1.1.1]

3.18 Rated energy

At room temperature, after full charging, the energy values (W·h) of high-energy batteries measured at a discharge current of 1I3 and high-traction batteries measured at 1I1, as stated by the manufacturer.

[Source: GB/T 19596-2017, 3.3.3.5.3, modified]

3.19 Energy efficiency

The ratio of the energy released from the battery during discharge to the energy charged during the same cycle.

[Source: GB/T 19596-2017, 3.3.3.11.1.2]

3.20 Cycle life

Under specified charge/discharge termination conditions and with a specific charge/discharge regime, the number of cycles a traction battery can perform before it can no longer meet the end-of-life standard.

[Source: GB/T 19596-2017, 3.3.3.12.1.1]

3.21 Circular footprint formula method; CFF

When conducting a product life cycle assessment, a method used to comprehensively consider the environmental impact and benefits of the use of recycled materials in new products as well as the disposal and recycling processes at each stage of the product life cycle, and to allocate these impacts across multiple life cycles.

3.22 Recycled content method; RCM

When conducting a product life cycle assessment, a method that only the environmental impact and benefits of using recycled materials in new products are considered, without considering the allocation of environmental impact and benefits of the disposal and recycling processes at each stage of the life cycle across different life cycles.