QC/T 1112-2019Passenger cars - Biaxial fatigue test method for wheels (English PDF)
乘用车车轮 双轴疲劳试验方法
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Issued by
MIIT
Level / Type
Industry · Recommended
Issue date
November 11, 2019
Implementation date
April 1, 2020
Scope
QC/T 1112-2019 is the English-translated version of 乘用车车轮 双轴疲劳试验方法.
QC/T 1112-2019 covers the biaxial fatigue test method for passenger car wheels, in which a series of time-varying wheel load pairs is applied to a rotating wheel-tire assembly in the laboratory to judge the wheel's fatigue performance under road load conditions, and it applies to passenger car wheels.
The document defines the wheel radial and lateral loads, the wheel load pair, the wheel load sequence with its test mileage, the camber and slip angles with their sign conventions, and the curb, the annular device on the drum inner surface that applies lateral load.
Its clauses cover the test equipment, test wheels, determination of the load sequence, test method and termination of the test; normative Appendix A gives the inner rim pre-damage method.
In the test method the recommended inflation pressure is 450 kPa plus or minus 10 kPa, the remaining unbalanced mass on each side should be within 5 g, aluminium alloy wheels are pre-damaged on the inner rim to Appendix A before testing, and the drum is chosen so that the tire outer diameter is 60 to 80 percent of the drum inner diameter.
Where no tightening torque is specified, the recommended value is 120 N·m plus or minus 10 N·m, and the recommended drum surface linear speed is 105 km/h.
The load sequence is run cyclically, with a stop suggested at 100 km to recheck bolt torque, and the wheel is inspected by dye penetrant after the specified mileage, which the wheel or vehicle manufacturer sets.
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Document preview — QC/T 1112-2019
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Issued by: Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China
Contents
- Foreword7
- 1 Scope8
- 2 Normative references8
- 3 Terms and definitions8
- 4 Test equipment9
- 5 Test wheels11
- 6 Determination of wheel load sequence11
- 7 Test method13
- 8 Termination of the test14
- Appendix A (Normative) Inner rim pre-damage test method15
1 Scope
This standard specifies the biaxial fatigue test method for wheels of passenger car. This method is to apply a series of time-varying wheel load pairs, to a rotating wheel-tire assembly in a laboratory environment, to evaluate the fatigue performance of the wheel under road load conditions.
This standard applies to passenger car wheels.
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential to the application of this document. For the dated documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable to this document; for the undated documents, only the latest version (including all the amendments) is applicable to this standard.
GB/T 2933 Terms, specification codes and labels for wheels and wheels for pneumatic tires
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions, as defined in GB/T 2933, apply to this document.
3.1 Wheel-tire assembly
Assembled assembly of wheels, tires, valves.
3.2 Wheel radial load
The load acting on the wheel-tire assembly, along the radial direction of the wheel.
3.3 Wheel lateral load
The load acting on the wheel-tire assembly, along the axis of the wheel. The direction pointing to the inner side of the rim is positive; otherwise, it is negative, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2.
3.4 Wheel load pair
The combination of a pair of radial and lateral loads, which act simultaneously on the wheel-tire assembly.
3.5 Wheel load sequence
It is composed of wheel load pair sequence, including such factors as wheel load pair and the corresponding test mileage, etc.
3.6 Wheel camber angle
In a biaxial fatigue test, the camber angle is the angle, which is formed by the center plane of the wheel rim and the normal to the tangential plane of the tire drum.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, cambering inside is positive, cambering outside is negative.
3.7 Wheel slip angle
In the biaxial fatigue test, the wheel slip angle is the slip angle of the center plane of the wheel rim, with the radial load acting line as the axis, as shown in Figure 1.
When the lateral load is positive, the slip angle is positive; otherwise, it is negative.
3.8 Curb
On the inner drum biaxial fatigue testing machine, the annular device which is installed on the inner surface of the drum to apply lateral load to the wheel, as shown in Figure 2.
7 Test method
7.1 Select the tires, which are specified by the entrusted testing agency.
7.2 Install tires on the wheels and inflate them. The recommended inflation pressure is 450 kPa ± 10 kPa.
7.3 Perform dynamic balance correction on the test wheel-tire assembly. The remaining unbalanced mass of the inner and outer sides should be controlled within 5 g.
7.4 For aluminum alloy wheels, the inner rim of the wheel shall be pre-damaged before the test; the method shall be in accordance with Appendix A.
7.5 Adjust the inflation pressure of the pre-damaged aluminum alloy wheel-tire assembly to 450 kPa ± 10 kPa.
7.6 Adjust the test equipment, according to the requirements in Chapter 4. When choosing an inner drum testing machine, it should choose the drum, according to the principle that the outer diameter of the tire is 60% ~ 80% of the inner diameter of the drum.
7.7 Install the wheel-tire assembly on the biaxial fatigue testing machine. The fixing device of the wheel on the testing machine shall be equivalent in size to the fixing device used on the vehicle. Tighten the bolts or nuts to the specified torque value, when loading the vehicle. If there is no specification, the recommended tightening torque is 120 N·m ± 10 N·m.
7.8 Input the test parameters and wheel load sequence on the biaxial test equipment. The recommended surface linear speed of the drum is 105 km/h.
7.9 Adjust the safety protection limit, to carry out the load spectrum test run, to confirm that the wheel-tire assembly can operate normally, under each correct test load pair.
7.10 Run the test load sequence cyclically on the test equipment, to test the wheel-tire assembly. It is recommended to stop when running to 100 km; continue the test after checking the bolt torque. During the test, if the tire is damaged or the bolt is broken, the test can be continued after replacement.
7.11 After completing the specified test mileage, inspect the wheel using the dye penetrant method.
Note: The specified test mileage is set by the wheel or vehicle manufacturer, according to the service requirements of the wheel.
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This preview omits tables, figures, formulas and parts of the technical clauses. The complete document — 15 pages — is available in the English PDF.
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