LY/T 3086.1-2019Technical regulation for in situ conservation and habitat rehabilitation of wild plants with extremely small populations (English PDF)

3.1 Wild plants with extremely small populations

The distribution area is narrow or intermittent, or it has been affected by external factors for a long time, which shows that the population is degraded and the number continues to decrease.

The number of groups and individuals is very small, it is already below the minimum stable survival limit of the population, and may be endangered at any time. main Including the following three types. (1) the population of the wild is extremely small, extremely endangered, and at risk of extinction at any time; (2) the habitat requirements are unique and the ecological width is narrow;

(3) The potential genetic value is unclear, its extinction will cause gene loss, reduced biodiversity, huge loss of socioeconomic value and population size Relatively small.

3.2 in situ conservation in the wild, they take various measures to protect and maintain existing natural populations and related communities.

3.3 GAP analysis

A spatial analysis method to identify areas where rare and endangered species are not covered by existing nature reserves or protected communities.

3.4 Habitat rehabilitation

For human habitats that have been degraded, are being degraded or are likely to be degraded, artificial measures are taken Conducive to the development of population maintenance and reproduction.

3.5 Protection buffer zone

Centering on the protection target (population or individual), based on the established protected area or community, a certain spatial range is set as A buffer zone for man-made or natural interference activities.

4 In situ conservation of very small populations of wild plants

4.1 Objects protected in situ

All individuals of extremely small populations of wild plants and the biotic and abiotic environments associated with their survival and reproduction.

4.2 Principles of in situ conservation

4.2.1 Individual protection

In situ conservation measures must be taken for each individual of a very small wild plant population.

4.2.2 Population protection

In situ conservation measures are required for every wild population of wild plants (all individuals in each distribution location).

4.2.3 Ecosystem protection

Animals and habitats related to pollination or seed dispersal related to the life history of very small populations of wild plants Symbiotic mycorrhizal fungi, nodule bacteria, and other microorganisms and their soil habitats should be protected to maintain the native habitat of very small populations of wild plants Nature, stability and integrity of the system.

4.2.4 Set protection buffer

As long as it is a very small population of wild plants, depending on the individual or population distribution, a certain range of protection buffers should be set up to ensure its extinction risk is minimized.

4.3 In-situ conservation approaches

4.3.1 Establish nature reserves and protected communities

Based on the vacancy analysis, establish a nature reserve with the smallest population of wild plants as the core protection object if possible.

If it is enough to establish a nature reserve, consider setting up a protected area, and the method for determining the protected area shall be implemented in accordance with LY/T 1819--2009. For each pole Individuals of small populations of wild plants and their habitats are protected as strictly as possible.

4.3.2 Set up local protection points

Under the condition that it is not enough to establish a protected area or a protected area, a protected point shall be established with the protected population or individual as the core.

4.3.3 Including ecological protection projects the principles of giving priority to ecological protection exist in ecological construction projects such as natural forest protection, returning farmland to forests and grasses, and construction of protective forest systems.

The implementation area of the project shall give priority to the distribution of wild plants with very small populations.

Very small populations of wild plant individuals and their habitats are strictly protected.

4.3.4 Reliance on other nature reserves

Relying on facilities and conditions such as national parks, natural or cultural heritage reserves, environmental protection and ecological education bases, etc.

Very small populations of wild plants in or near them are protected and managed in situ.

4.4 Local protection measures

According to the distribution of extremely small populations of wild plant populations and individuals, construct facilities such as protective fences, isolation walls, and fire barriers.

Each individual is strictly banned.

According to the biological and ecological characteristics and habitat characteristics of different species, carry out light thinning, shading, surface grooming, fertilization, watering, and exclusion Tending measures such as competing species promote rapid recovery of very small populations of wild plant populations.

4.5 Protection

Every individual of a very small population of wild plants must be managed and eliminated to eliminate human interference, fire, pests and other adverse factors, in combination with other work in protected areas or ecological engineering construction areas, each individual of the extremely small population of wild plants is regularly patrolled and managed daily.

4.6 Monitoring

4.6.1 Monitoring objects

All populations of native plants with extremely small populations must be monitored, and each individual within each population must be listed and positioned regularly.

Monitor its growth, reproduction and regeneration characteristics. At the same time, the soil, microclimate, biological, natural and human Also monitor for influencing factors such as interference.

4.6.2 Monitoring method

The phenology of the population is a combination of artificial observation and infrared camera photography.

The population growth, reproduction and regeneration adopt the method of artificial observation of fixed plants.

Habitat monitoring was performed with reference to LY/T 1952-2011.

In principle, monitoring should be performed once a year, each season, and each different phenological period. The specific monitoring interval can be based on different populations and Habitat characteristics, monitoring content, human, material and financial conditions shall be adjusted as appropriate.

4.7 Evaluation of in situ conservation effects

Refer to LY/T 2244.1-2014 for implementation.

5.1 Types of degraded habitats

5.1.1 Mild degradation

Habitat damage does not exceed the carrying capacity of the system. After the destruction and disturbance are stopped, the degraded ecosystem can be restored naturally.

5.1.2 Moderate degradation

Habitat damage exceeds the carrying capacity of the system. It is difficult or impossible to restore the system to its original state based on natural forces alone. Degraded ecosystems require Manual assistance is required to recover.

5.1.3 Severe degradation

Habitat damage far exceeds the carrying capacity of the system, vegetation and matrix are completely lost, and degraded ecosystems need to be completely rebuilt.

5.2 Objectives of degraded habitat restoration

5.2.1 Elimination of interference factors

Exclude the impact of human activities or natural factors on the protected target individual or population, and try to avoid other biological or abiotic factors on the target Species interference.

5.2.2 Recovery structure

The restored community should include the main plant species in situ, especially the main companion in the original community where the very small population of wild plants is located Species and related community structure.

5.2.3 Repair function

Based on the characteristics of the ecosystem in which the very small population is located, improve the variety of life Physical and abiotic conditions, and promote the restoration of the main functions of the ecosystem.

5.3 Rehabilitation techniques for degraded habitats

5.3.1 Vegetation restoration

Natural restoration. Slightly degraded habitats will be protected by bans, and vegetation will gradually return to its original state.

Artificially promote natural restoration. For moderately degraded habitats, artificial measures such as banning, tending, replanting, and replanting are used to promote natural vegetation.

restore. Specific technologies can refer to GB/T 15781 and GB/T 15163.

Artificial restoration. For severely degraded habitats, artificial vegetation and seed direct seeding methods are used to reconstruct the native habitats with reference to native vegetation types.

vegetation. Specific technologies can be implemented with reference to GB/T 15776.

5.3.2 Soil remediation

For mild and moderately degraded habitats, tree planting, irrigation, and grass planting methods are used to promote soil self-recovery. For heavily degraded habitats, Adopt engineering measures such as visiting soil, fish scale pits, and increasing ground cover to improve and repair soil conditions.

5.3.3 Restoration of animal and microbial communities

The restoration of animal communities begins with the restoration of lower-level animal populations, such as the restoration of herbivore populations, and then the restoration of lower trophic levels.

The predator population, and finally the high trophic predator population is restored, forming a complete food chain.

In areas where very small populations of wild plants are distributed, various measures are taken to protect and restore the environment in which related microorganisms live, Introduce degraded habitats to microbial resources related to the protection target, and promote the restoration of related microbial communities and their entire ecosystems.

6 In situ conservation and habitat management

6.1 Construction of species and habitat information database

Through the collection of literature data and investigation and monitoring, relevant information such as species, populations, habitats and conservation status of extremely small populations of wild plants are established.

Information database.

6.2 Establish an in situ conservation management system for very small populations of wild plants the competent authority shall establish a long-term monitoring and management system for the extremely small populations of wild plants within the scope of protection and protection, and set up special the management team and personnel of the door carry out daily management and regular inspections and patrols, and the responsibility goes to the people.

6.3 Control of human interference

The exploitation and utilization of extremely small populations of wild plants, wild provenances and related biological resources and habitats are strictly prohibited, and crackdowns, excavations, and plagiarism are severely cracked down on.

Activities; Encourage and guide the use of artificially propagated provenances for sustainable use of artificially expanded wild plant resources of very small populations.

6.4 Habitat management

Any activity involving the habitat of a very small population of wild plants must be conducive to the growth and reproduction of a very small population of wild plants.

Changes must be approved by the competent authority.