JT/T 1297-2019Safety code for the harbour derrick crane (English PDF)

Foreword

This standard is in accordance with GB/T Draft the rules given in 1-2009.

This standard was proposed by the National Crane Standardization Technical Committee Boom Crane Technical Committee Centralize.

Responsible for drafting this standard. Water Transport Research Institute of Ministry of Transport, Wuqiao Heavy Industry Group Co., Ltd., Yichang Weite Electronics Equipment Co., Ltd., Wuhan University of Technology, Shanghai International Port (Group) Co., Ltd., Dalian University of Technology, Dalian Borui Heavy Industry Limited company.

1 Scope

This standard specifies the safety technology of port mast cranes in the aspects of design, manufacture, installation, test, use and maintenance, inspection and maintenance, etc.

Technical requirements.

This standard applies to port mast cranes for loading and unloading operations of general cargo and bulk cargo.

2 Normative references

The following documents are essential for the application of this document. For dated references, only the dated version applies to this article Pieces. For undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.

GB/T 1228 High Strength Large Hex Head Bolts for Steel Structures GB/T 1229 High Strength Large Hex Nuts for Steel Structures GB/T 1230 High-strength washer for steel structure GB/T 3098. 1 Mechanical properties of fasteners Bolts, screws and studs GB/T 3098. 2 Fastener Mechanical Properties GB/T 3811 crane design code GB/T 5226. 32 Mechanical and electrical safety-Mechanical and electrical equipment-Part 32. Technical requirements for lifting appliances GB/T 5972 Crane wire rope maintenance,, inspection and scrap GB/T 6067. 1 Safety regulations for lifting appliances-Part 1. General GB 8918 wire rope for important uses GB/T 10051. 1 Lifting hooks Part 1. Mechanical properties, lifting capacity, stress and materials GB/T 10051. 2 Lifting hooks Part 2. Technical requirements for forging hooks GB/T 10051. 3 Lifting hooks Part 3. Use inspection of forged hooks GB 12602 Overload protection device for lifting machinery GB/T.2018 General Specifications for Wire Rope GB/T 20303. 1 Crane cabs and control stations Part 1. General GB/T 26558-2011 mast crane GB/T 28264 Lifting Machinery Safety Monitoring Management System GB/T 31052. 7 Lifting Machinery Inspection and Maintenance Regulations Part 7. Mast Cranes GB 50150 Electrical equipment installation engineering electrical equipment handover test standard GB 50256 Code for construction and acceptance of electrical installations of cranes for electrical installations JGJ 82 Technical Specification for High Strength Bolt Connections of Steel Structures

3 Machine requirements

3.1 The working environment conditions of port mast cranes (hereinafter referred to as cranes) shall meet the requirements of GB/T 26558.

3.2 The safety design of the crane shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 3811 and GB/T 26558.

3.3 The crane shall be constructed in accordance with the drawings, technical documents approved by the prescribed procedures and the requirements of GB/T 26558.

JT/T 1297-2019

3.4 Product labels should be set up at obvious positions of the crane, and the label should indicate the crane name, model, rated lifting capacity, manufacturer name, manufacturing system Year of manufacture, etc.

3.5 Crane noise should meet the requirements of GB/T 26558.

4 Ground anchors, foundations and foundations

4. 1. The bases and cables of crane booms, masts, braces, ground beams and hoists shall be reliably anchored. All anchor points of the crane when designing and installing, it should be guaranteed in GB/T 26558-2011 5. 2 The horizontal and vertical forces generated by the specified calculated load at each anchor point in the most unfavorable combination of conditions, there should be no loosening, slippage and subsidence at each anchor point.

4.2 For cranes with fixed installations, the manufacturer shall provide data on the anchor load of all anchor points; for cranes without fixed installations, the anchor the solid load data should be calculated and determined by relevant professionals according to the actual situation.

4.3 The form of ground anchors and foundations shall be adapted to the site conditions and foundation conditions of the crane installation location.

4.4 The design and construction of the foundation of the crane installation location shall meet the requirements of GB/T 26558.

4.5 The foundation on which the ground anchor is installed and the foundation on which the boom, mast, diagonal brace, ground beam and hoist base are installed should be flat and solid, without standing water, and the base Good contact with the foundation.

4.6 The design and construction of the buried ground anchor shall comply with the requirements of GB/T 26558.

4.7 When selecting the corner pillar of the building as the ground anchor, the strength of the corner pillar should be checked according to the provisions of GB/T 26558, and a building design sheet should be obtained.

Agree in writing, and the corner posts of buildings used as anchors must be properly protected.

4.8 All types of ground anchors should have sufficient tensile safety margin. The structural form and calculation of commonly used ground anchors should meet the requirements of GB/T 26558.

5 Metal structure

5.1 The material of the crane metal structure shall meet the requirements of GB/T 3811 and GB/T 26558.

5.2 The welding seam quality of crane metal structure parts shall meet the design requirements and GB/T 6067. 1 and the provisions of GB/T 26558.

5.3 The bolt connection parts of the main force-bearing structural parts of the crane should be in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1228, GB/T 1229 and GB/T 1230.

Technical requirements for high-strength bolts. High-strength bolted connections shall meet the requirements of JGJ 82, and shall be marked in the corresponding drawings and installation instructions Pre-tightening force or pre-torque and allowable deviation.

5.4 Ordinary bolt pairs shall comply with GB/T 3098. 1 and GB/T 3098. 2 provisions. Ordinary bolt connection should adopt reliable anti-loosing Measures.

5.5 The setting of maintenance work passages consisting of ladders, platforms and railings of cranes shall be in accordance with GB/T 3811 and GB/T 6067.1 provisions.

6 Mechanism and main parts

6.1 General requirements

6.1.1 When the connection between the transmission parts of the working mechanism bearing the potential load fails, there should be safety to prevent the load from falling suddenly Measures.

6.1.2 When the crane adopts a walking-type running mechanism driven by a hydraulic cylinder, the running mechanism shall be provided with a locking device. The crane stopped running at this time, the crane should be able to be locked on the track by the locking device.

6.1.3 The moving (rotating) parts that may cause danger to the human body shall be protected by safety measures and protective covers or warning signs shall be provided.

6.2 Hook

6.2.1 Forged hooks shall have the product inspection certificate of the manufacturer and shall comply with GB/T 100051. 1 provisions. The hook should be provided with a precaution JT/T 1297-2019 Outside decoupling safety device.

6.2.2 Cranes shall not use cast hooks.

6.2.3 The marking of the forged hook shall be permanent and legible. The content of the mark should conform to GB/T 10051. 2 provisions.

6.2.4 Defects and wear of forged hooks should not be repaired.

6.2.5 Forged hooks reach GB/T 10051. When the relevant scrap indicators are 3, they should be replaced.

6.2.6 The defect of the chip hook should not be repaired. When the chip hook has any of the following conditions, it should be replaced.

a) the occurrence of cracks;

b) the total amount of wear on the dangerous section reaches 5% of the nominal size;

c) The bending radius of the lateral deformation of each hook piece is less than 10 times the plate thickness.

6.3 Wire rope and joint

6.3.1 The steel wire rope shall meet the design requirements and the provisions of GB/T.20118 and GB 8918, and shall have a product inspection certificate.

6.3.2 The safety factor of the steel wire rope shall meet the requirements of GB/T 26558.

6.3.3 The steel wire rope shall be maintained,, installed, inspected and scrapped in accordance with GB/T 5972.

6.3.4 The fixed connection of the end of the wire rope should be firm and reliable, and the collar, wedge, wedge sleeve, metal sleeve pressed joint, rope clip and shackle should be used correctly.

And other wire rope accessories. The safety requirements for the end connection of steel wire ropes shall comply with GB/T 6067. 1 and the relevant provisions of GB/T 26558.

6.3.5 The cable (static rope) shall meet the design requirements and the provisions of GB/T 26558.

6.3.6 When the hook is in the lowest working position, the winding of the wire rope on the drum should not be less than two turns, except for the number of turns at the end of the fixed rope.

6.3.7 The sports rope should not be extended.

6.4 Pulleys and reels

6.4.1 The ratio of the diameters of the pulleys and drums of the hoisting mechanism and the luffing mechanism to the diameter of the wire rope shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 26558.

6.4.2 Multi-layer winding wire rope reels should use folded wire grooves, otherwise a rope arranging device should be used, and the height of the sides of the reels should exceed the outermost Layer of steel wire rope, its value should not be less than twice the diameter of the steel wire rope.

6.4.3 The pulley shall be provided with a device or structure to prevent the wire rope from grooving. The clearance between the pulley and the pulley body shall comply with GB/T 6067. 1 requirements.

6.4.4 Pulleys and reels shall be in accordance with GB/T 6067. It shall be periodically inspected or scrapped according to the provisions of 1.

6.5 brake

6. 5. 1. Each working machine of the crane shall be equipped with a brake, and the brakes of the lifting mechanism and the luffing mechanism shall be normally closed.

6.5.2 The safety factor of the brake shall meet the requirements of GB/T 26558.

6.5.3 The lifting mechanism and the luffing mechanism should be equipped with safety brakes on the drum. The brakes should be safe in the event of transmission failure.

Ground supports the load. The timing of the action of the safety brake and other brakes should be automatically controlled to prevent improper motion shock loads.

6.5.4 It is better to choose a brake with automatic compensation for brake pad wear. The actual connection of the brake wheel and brake pad when the brake is in operation the contact area should not be less than 70% of the theoretical contact area.

6.5.5 The crane that can turn 360 ° with a normally closed brake should be able to release the brake manually when it is not working, and ensure that the boom can rotate with the wind.

6.5.6 The replacement of brake parts and the scrapping of brakes shall comply with GB/T 6067. 1 requirements.

6.6 transmission gear the transmission gear should be scrapped when one of the following conditions occurs.

a) The peak or valley ratio of the tooth surface caused by plastic deformation of the gear is higher or lower than the gear modulus by 20%.

b) The gear fracture is greater than or equal to 1/5 of the tooth width, and the crack of the gear is greater than or equal to 1/8 of the tooth width.

c) The pitting area of the tooth surface reaches 50% of the working area of the gear tooth; or the maximum size of the pitting pit area of more than 20% reaches 0. 2 modulus; or JT/T 1297-2019 the pitting pit depth of 20% of the lifting and luffing mechanism is 0. 1 modulus; or 20% pitting pit depth for other institutions Up to 0. 15 modulus.

d) The glue area of the tooth surface reaches 20% of the working area and the depth of the glue groove marks reaches 0. 1 Modulus.

e) The judgment criterion of tooth surface peeling is the same as that of pitting.

f) The sum of the amount of wear on both sides of the roots of the lifting and luffing mechanism reaches 0. 1 modulus; for the sum of the amount of wear on both sides of the tooth root of other mechanisms 0.15 modulus.

7 Cab

7.1 The driver's cab should meet GB/T 20303. 1 and GB/T 6067. 1 related provisions.

7.2 For cranes with slewing function, the driver's cab should be able to rotate synchronously with the slewing part.

7.3 The position of the driver's cab should not be located directly below the boom.

7.4 The structure of the driver's cab shall be safe and reliable, and the top shall be capable of withstanding 2. 5kN/m2 static load. The connection between the driver's cab and the support should be secure.

7.5 The arrangement of operating equipment in the driver's cab should be able to avoid the possibility of misoperation.

7.6 The window glass of the driver's cab shall be of tempered glass or equivalent material and shall only be installed from the driver's cab.

7.7 The driver's cab should be provided with thermal insulation and non-slip floors.

7.8 The structure and layout of the driver's cab should have good visibility and be easy to operate and maintain.

7.9 The driver's cab should be provided with door locks, electric bells or alarms.

8 Electrical system

8.1 General requirements

8.1.1 The safety design, selection and installation of electrical systems shall comply with GB/T 3811, GB 5226. 2. GB/T 6067. 1. GB 50256 and Relevant provisions of GB/T 26558.

8.1.2 Electrical equipment shall ensure that the transmission performance and control performance of the crane are accurate and reliable. Should not be left unattended during installation, maintenance, adjustment and use Intentionally change the circuit to avoid failure of the safety device.

8.1.3 The protection level of electrical equipment should not be lower than IP23 in the indoor and IP55 in the outdoor.

Device.

8.1.4 There shall be wiring diagrams in the electrical cabinet, and function signs and warning signs shall be set in obvious positions.

8.1.5 The handover test after installation of electrical equipment shall comply with the provisions of GB 50150.

8.2 Electrical control and operation

8.2.1 The operating handle on the linkage platform should have a zero-position self-locking function.

8.2.2 Electrical control equipment and components should be placed in the cabinet.

8.2.3 The lifting of the hook should be reliable and stable, and the heavy-duty crane should have a low-speed lowering function.

8.2.4 An alarm sound signal should be provided in the electrical control system, and the sound effect is sensitive and reliable.

8.3 Electric wires and cables

8.3.1 The selection and laying of wires and cables should meet the requirements of GB/T 3811 and GB/T 26558.

8.3.2 Metal pipes used for protecting cables shall be treated with anticorrosion, and cable fasteners, supports, brackets and accessories shall be made of corrosion-resistant materials Apply or carry out effective antiseptic treatment.

8.3.3 Both ends of the cable should be clearly numbered and meet the requirements of the schematic or wiring diagram.

8.3.4 Copper-core multi-strand wire shall be used. When using multi-strand single-core wire, the cross-sectional area shall not be less than 1. 5mm2, PLC in the cabinet JT/T 1297-2019 the cross-sectional area of the block wire should not be less than 0. 5mm2, the cross-sectional area of the cable outside the cabinet should not be less than 2. 5mm2.

8.3.5 The external connection wires of electrical equipment shall be rubber insulated wires.

8.3.6 Power, control and signal circuits, lighting circuits should be routed separately to avoid interference with each other. Terminals should be connected separately.

8.4 Current collector

8.4.1 Collector-powered cranes are used at the turning points. The slip rings of the current collector shall meet the requirements of the corresponding voltage level and current capacity. Each slip the ring has at least one pair of brushes, and the protection level of the brushes should not be lower than IP54.

8.4.2 The design of the current collector shall be convenient for maintenance and inspection.

8.5 resistor

The resistor should be installed in a place of ventilation and heat dissipation. When the open natural cooling form is adopted, there should be a protective cover.

8.6 Lighting and signal

8.6.1 The driver's cab, aisle, machine room, and electrical room should have lighting facilities, and the average illuminance should not be less than 30lx. Lighting circuit voltage should not be greater than 250V, its power supply should not be affected by the shutdown.

8.6.2 When setting up lighting on the working surface on the crane, the illuminance should not be lower than 30lx, and shockproof measures should be added to the lighting.

8.6.3 Metal structures should not be used as circuits for lighting circuits.

8.6.4 The power supply voltage of the movable lighting device should not be greater than 36V. The AC power supply should use a safety isolation transformer and should not use auto-coupling.

The transformer supplies power directly.

8.6.5 Red crane obstacle lights should be installed on the top or the arm of the crane whose height is higher than 30m. The power supply of the lights should not be affected.

Impact of downtime.

8.6.6 The driver's cab (or on the control device) shall be equipped with the signal of the total power supply opening and closing status, over-lifting weight, over-lifting torque and the limit of the operation of the mechanism Alarm or signal indication.

8.7 Grounding and lightning protection

8.7.1 Electrical equipment, normally uncharged metal enclosures, cable metal sheaths, safety lighting transformers, etc. shall be reliably grounded.

8.7.2 The grounding resistance of the whole machine shall comply with GB/T 6067. 1 provisions.

8.7.3 The metal structure of the part with the overall metal structure can be used as a grounding trunk.

Set the ground trunk line.

8.7.4 Openable control cabinet doors shall be reliably connected with grounded metal components by flexible wires.

8.7.5 The grounding of the electrical equipment of the slewing part shall not be realized by the slewing bearing and the running trolley support.

8.7.6 When the height of the crane boom end from the ground exceeds 30m, a lightning rod should be installed, and the needle body is at least higher than the red obstacle indication the lamp is 300mm.

8.8 Electrical protection

8.8.1 The crane shall be provided with protection against short-circuit, over-current, over-voltage, under-voltage, voltage loss, power out-of-phase, phase failure and zero position.

8.8.2 The driver's cab should be equipped with an emergency power-off switch that can be operated by the driver to facilitate the driver to cut off the control and power supply in emergency situations.

Full parking.

8.8.3 The main line of the power supply should be marked with a marked main disconnector or other effective isolation measures.

8.8.4 The end switch should be sensitive and reliable, and it can stop the movement of the mechanism accurately at the limited position, but the mechanism can make reverse movement.

8.8.5 The limit switch should be sensitive and reliable, and can effectively send out warning and control signals.

JT/T 1297-2019

9 Safety device

9.1 Security monitoring management system the crane shall be installed with a safety monitoring and management system, which shall meet the requirements of GB/T 28264. Security monitoring management each safety protection device and all safety interlock devices in the system shall meet the design requirements and GB/T 6067. 1 provisions.

9.2 Lifting weight limiter

9.2.1 The crane shall be provided with a lifting limiter. The lifting weight limiter shall comply with the relevant regulations of GB 12602.

9.2.2 When the actual lifting weight exceeds 95% of the rated lifting weight, the lifting limiter should issue an alarm signal (except mechanical).

9.2.3 When the actual lifting weight is between 100% and 110% of the rated lifting weight, the lifting limiter works, and it should be automatically cut off at this time.

Lift source, but the mechanism should be allowed to make a downward movement.

9.3 Lifting torque limiter

9.3.1 Cranes whose rated lifting capacity varies with the working range shall be provided with a lifting torque limiter. Lifting torque limiter should comply with GB the relevant provisions of 12602.

9.3.2 When the actual lifting weight exceeds 95% of the rated value corresponding to the actual range, the lifting torque limiter should issue an alarm signal.

9.3.3 When the actual lifting weight is greater than the rated value corresponding to the actual range but less than 110% of the rated value, the lifting torque limiter starts at this time, the power source in the unsafe direction (rising, increasing amplitude or a combination of these actions) should be automatically cut off, but the mechanism should be allowed to act as a safe party.

To the movement.

9.4 Limiting device

9.4.1 The travel limit switch should be installed on each track of the crane. The position of the stroke limit switch and the impact block should be determined sufficiently Consider the braking stroke of the crane.

9.4.2 The luffing mechanism shall be provided with a device for limiting the amplitude and preventing the boom from tipping backwards. Amplitude limit should be at the limit of the boom's pitch stroke Set the amplitude limiter at the boom low position and boom high position. The device to prevent the boom from tipping backwards should ensure that when the luffing limit switch fails this prevents the boom from tipping backwards. The luffing mechanism shall be provided with an amplitude indicator.

9.4.3 When the crane needs to limit the swivel range, the swivel mechanism should be provided with a swivel angle limiter.

9.4.4 The crane shall be installed with lifting limiters. When the spreader is lifted to the upper limit position specified by the design, it should be able to stop lifting immediately Movement, cut off the power supply of the external amplitude loop, but there should be a downward movement and an internal amplitude movement. Above this extreme position, there should be enough Free height to meet the requirements of the rising brake stroke. When necessary, a lowering depth limiter shall also be provided.

In the lower limit position, the descending power should be cut off immediately.

9.4.5 Use the traction mechanism to pull the lifting weight, so that the spreader deviates from the vertical state of the spreader free state in the vertical plane including the centerline of the boom.

When the crane is operating at a shadow point, if the improper operation may cause the deflection angle beta of the lifting rope to exceed the design value [beta], the lifting wire rope deflection should be installed.

Angle limiter. The lifting wire rope deflection angle limiter shall meet the requirements of GB/T 26558.

9.5 Buffer

9.5.1 A bumper shall be installed at the outer end of the crane trolley. When the crane collides with the end stop of the track or the crane starts when a heavy machine collides, the buffer should ensure that the crane can stop smoothly without violent impact.

9.5.2 The device to prevent the boom from tipping backwards shall be provided with a buffer.

JT/T 1297-2019

9.6 Anemometer

9.6.1 The crane should be installed with anemometer. The anemometer should be installed at a place where personnel can check and observe.

9.6.2 The anemometer shall be sensitive and reliable, and when the wind speed reaches the warning wind speed or the crane working limit wind speed, it shall be able to give an accurate audible and visual alarm.

9.7 Windproof safety device the windproof safet...