GB/T 7247.14-2025Safety of laser products - Part 14: A user's guide (English PDF)

Foreword

This document is in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Guidelines for standardization work Part 1: Structure and drafting rules for standardization documents" Drafting.

This document is Part 14 of GB/T 7247 Safety of Laser Products. GB/T 7247 has been published in the following parts.

--- Part 1: Equipment classification and requirements;

--- Part 2: Safety of optical fiber communication systems (OFCS);

--- Part 3: Guidelines for laser shows and performances;

--- Part 4: Laser protection screens;

--- Part 5: Producer's checklist for GB/T 7247.1;

--- Part 9: Maximum permissible exposure to incoherent optical radiation;

--- Part 13: Classification measurement of laser products;

--- Part 14: User Guide.

This document replaces GB/T 7247.14-2012 "Safety of Laser Products Part 14: User Guide" and GB/T 7247.14-Compared with 2012, in addition to structural adjustments and editorial changes, the main technical changes are as follows.

a) The description "This part does not include light-emitting diodes (LEDs)" has been deleted (see 1.1 of the 2012 edition);

b) Deleted 67 terms and definitions, including management control, alpha minimum value, receiving angle, and subtending angle (see 2.1~2.1 of the 2012 edition).

2.35,2.37~2.48,2.50,2.52~2.70);

c) Added the term and definition. control measures (see 3.1.1);

d) Added symbol table (see 3.2);

e) Added requirements for management policy implementers. competence level, training requirements and certification content (see 4.5, 4.6 and 4.7);

f) Added Class 1C laser products and corresponding annotations (see 5.1.2);

g) Changed the default protection control measures for laser products (see Table 1, Table 1 of the 2012 edition);

h) Added consumer laser products (see 5.1.6);

i) Added content related to repetitive pulse and modulated lasers (see 6.2);

j) The maximum permissible exposure (MPE) of a light source on the cornea expressed as irradiance or irradiance has been changed (see Tables 4 and 5, 2012 Tables 5 and 6 of the 2012 edition);

k) Added the relevant information on the maximum permissible exposure (MPE) expressed in power or energy within the wavelength range of 400nm~1400nm Tables (see Tables 6 and 7);

l) The maximum permissible exposure (MPE) of laser radiation to the skin has been changed (see Table 8, Table 7 of the 2012 edition);

m) The correction factors and break points used in the MPE assessment have been changed (see Table 9, Table 8 of the 2012 edition);

n) Added warning, instruction and prohibition signs and corresponding annotations for laser controlled areas (see Figures 2 to 5);

o) Added emergency plan content (see Chapter 11);

p) The content related to medical supervision has been modified (see Chapter 13, Chapter 11 of the 2012 edition).

This document is equivalent to IEC TR60825-14:2022 "Safety of Laser Products Part 14: User Guide", the file type is IEC 's technical reports are adjusted to be my country's recommended national standards.

The following minimal editorial changes have been made to this document.

---Add comments in the range;

--- Add footnotes to Table 5 and Table 7;

---Edit errors occurred in B9.6, B9.7, and B9.8 of Appendix B of IEC TR60825-14:2022.

The relevant data were modified based on the calculation results.

Introduction

The provisions established in this document are intended to help users of laser products and their manufacturers understand the general principles of safety management, identify possible hazards, evaluate Assess the potential for harm and establish and implement appropriate control measures. Although the guidance given in this document is mainly aimed at the expected establishment of safety Management system organizations, but it can be applied by anyone who uses lasers.

Laser control measures vary widely, depending on the type of laser equipment used, the task or process to be performed, and the nature of the equipment.

The specific requirements for certain laser applications are given in other documents of the GB/T 7247 series.

The expressions "reasonably foreseeable" and "reasonably foreseeable" used in this document relate to certain specific events, locations, circumstances or conditions.

It is the responsibility of those who prepare this document to determine and make a judgement on what is "reasonably foreseeable" in accordance with the risk assessment criteria and to be able to provide appropriate protection.

Protective measures.

The laser "users" mentioned in the document include not only those who actually use the laser equipment, but also those who have safety responsibilities.

In order to make it easier to understand the use of laser products and correctly apply the relevant content, this document also provides the laser controlled area interlocking system (attached Appendix A), Examples of Calculation of Maximum Permissible Exposure (Appendix B), and Principles of Laser Biophysics (Appendix C).

Relevant products in the domestic market shall comply with the labeling section of GB 44703.

GB/T 7247 "Laser Product Safety" is intended to consist of the following parts.

--- Part 1: Equipment classification and requirements. Due to the wide range of wavelength, energy and pulse characteristics of laser beams, when using laser products, the degree of potential hazards varies greatly, and it is not possible to simply classify laser products using a unified safety limit.

Evaluate the classification system of optical radiation hazards of devices and laser products and determine control measures.

--- Part 2: Safety of optical fiber communication systems (OFCS). Based on the safety of optical fiber communication systems (OFCS) under reasonably foreseeable fault conditions [such as cable breakage, optical fiber...

The level is divided according to the degree of exposure to optical radiation in the event of loose (disconnected) fiber connectors, etc.

The corresponding hazard level of accessible locations is specified based on the hazard characteristics to determine the equivalent safety protection measures.

--- Part 3: Guide to laser shows and performances. For use in theater projections, stage performances and other similar places 3B and 4 laser any possible occurrence of laser radiation exceeding the maximum permissible exposure that may cause biological effects and hazards to human eyes and skin during laser operation the MPE analysis aims to clarify the responsibilities of on-site design, installation, operation and performance personnel, as well as risk control and evaluation.

Assessment to reduce risk.

--- Part 4: Laser protection screen. Aims to specify the permanent and temporary (such as maintenance and repair) Laser protection screens during the protection period and technical requirements for special laser protection screens to prevent personnel around the processing area from being exposed to laser radiation the hazards of shooting.

--- Part 5: Producer's checklist for GB/T 7247.1.This is intended to provide a reference checklist to ensure that Verify whether the product complies with the classification and requirements of GB/T 7247.1 for equipment, and enhance the enforceability and Operability.

--- Part 8: Guidelines for the safe use of lasers on the human body. Aims to guide how to incorporate the safe use of lasers into medical laser practice, Establish safety procedures, preventive measures and personnel control measures, strengthen the establishment of a systematic safety framework for all personnel involved in the use of lasers the necessity of a framework and training.

--- Part 9: Maximum permissible exposure to incoherent optical radiation. This is intended to give the maximum permissible exposure to artificial light sources with a wavelength of 180nm to 3000nm that can be used to illuminate the human eye.

MPE limits for controlling light radiation exposure when applied to the skin.

--- Part 12: Security of free-space optical communication systems (FSOCSs) for information transmission. Aims to give 180nm~ Manufacturing guide for laser products and systems for point-to-point or point-to-multipoint free-space optical data transmission in the 1mm wavelength range South, and safe use requirements to protect people from the potentially dangerous optical radiation produced by FSOCSs.

--- Part 13: Classification measurement of laser products. Aims to give the emission level of laser output energy in accordance with GB/T 7247.1 Measurement and analysis methods give guidance on the classification of laser products.

--- Part 14: User Guide. It puts forward requirements for users to use laser products exceeding Class 1 and Class 2, aiming to help users Product users and their manufacturers understand the general principles of safety management, identify possible hazards, assess the severity of potential hazards, establish and Provide appropriate control measures.

--- Part 17: Safety of passive optical components and cables used in high optical power optical fiber communication systems.

For high optical powers above Class 3B operated in the environment, safety precautions for thermal effects, optomechanical effects and related effects are given.

To prevent and protect other safety problems that may be caused to connectors, etc.

--- Part 18: Transmission system guide. Aims to specify the layout, installation and use requirements of light guide systems, including free space laser Transmission and fiber optic transmission, protective measures implemented to protect personnel from laser radiation hazards, and risk assessment methods.

--- Part 19: Mobile platform laser products. This section aims to provide the following information for laser products mounted on mobile platforms.

The velocity-dependent closest achievable position (VCPHA) is used to assess laser hazards to avoid overshooting while ensuring safety.

The laser hazard is rigorously evaluated and precautions for applying this condition are given.

--- Part 20: Safety requirements for laser radiation from products intended to expose the eyes or face. Intended to consider direct exposure to the face or eye area Possible failure of consumer Class 1 laser products (such as facial or retina/iris recognition, AR/VR/MR glasses/headsets, etc.) the FMEA method focuses on safety and provides requirements based on risk analysis to reduce the risk of product failure.

Failure may occur at any time during the service life, causing potential damage to the eyes and face.

--- Part 21: Automatic Emission Control (AEC). Aims to address the issues that manufacturers may encounter when incorporating Automatic Emission Control (AEC) into their laser products.

products, so as to reduce the hazards of light radiation and produce better performance products under unprotected conditions;

The requirements and methods that can be used to determine hazard classifications and verify that they operate as intended should be provided.

Safety of Laser Products Part 14: User's Guide

1 Scope

This document provides the best guidance for the safe use of laser products in accordance with GB/T 7247.1-2024.The term "laser" used in this document is the terms "product" and "laser equipment" refer to any device, component or system that produces optical radiation by stimulated emission of light.

Class 1 laser products generally do not produce beam hazards, and Class 2 and 3R products produce only minimal hazards.

The further protective measures described in this document are for Category 1, Category 2 and Category 3R Laser-like products are not required.

Note. For product labeling for the Chinese market, see GB 44703.

This document emphasizes assessing the risks of high-power lasers, but users of lower-power lasers can also benefit from this information.

This document applies to any product sold or offered for sale that contains a laser. It also applies to specially constructed lasers (including experimental and prototype systems).

2 Normative references

The contents of the following documents constitute the essential clauses of this document through normative references in this document.

For referenced documents without a date, only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for referenced documents without a date, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.

GB/T 7247.1-2024 Safety of Laser Products Part 1: Equipment Classification and Requirements (IEC 60825-1:2014, IDT) ISO 3864-1 Graphical symbols — Safety colours and safety signs — Part 1: Design principles for safety signs and safety labels safety markings ISO 7010 Graphical symbols - Safety colours and safety signs Registered safety signs Note. GB/T 31523.1-2015, ISO 7010:2011, MOD

3 Terms, definitions and symbols