GB/T 47292.2-2026Lithium-ion battery good manufacturing practice - Part 2: Battery material control (English PDF)

3.1 Lithium ion cell

A rechargeable device that achieves the conversion between chemical energy and electrical energy through the movement of lithium ions between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.

Note 1: It includes electrodes, separator, electrolyte, container and terminals, etc.

Note 2: Lithium ion cell is also generally referred to as "cell". [Source: GB/T 47292.1-2026, 3.1]

3.2 Lithium ion battery

An energy storage device consisting of one or more electrically connected cells or modules, capable of obtaining electrical energy from external sources and outputting electrical energy externally, and equipped with a battery management circuit.

Note 1: The battery management circuit usually has the functions of management or protection against overcharge, overcurrent, over discharge and/or overtemperature, so as to ensure the safety, performance and/or service life of the battery.

Note 2: The battery can be equipped with a protective enclosure and provided with terminals or other interconnection devices.

Note 3: The battery is also generally referred to as "battery pack" or "battery system". [Source: GB/T 47292.1-2026, 3.2]

3.3 Gravimetric capacity

Electrochemical capacity of a unit mass of active material under specified conditions for charging or discharging.

Note: The unit is milliampere-hours per gram (mAh/g). [Source: GB/T 20252-2014, 3.1, modified]

5.1 Supplier resource pool management

5.1.1 Supplier selection

The requirements for the enterprise's supplier selection are as follows:

a) The enterprise shall define the required level of the supplier quality management system for each category of materials;

b) The enterprise shall establish a supplier admission evaluation mechanism. The evaluation shall at least cover financial status, technical capability, quality system capability, project management capability, traceability management, change management, etc.;

c) The enterprise shall establish admission evaluation criteria and conduct evaluations in accordance with the criteria. Only suppliers meeting the admission evaluation criteria may be admitted into the enterprise's system.

5.1.2 Supplier performance monitoring

The enterprise shall establish a supplier performance monitoring mechanism based on the following requirements.

a) The enterprise shall establish a periodic supplier performance evaluation mechanism, with the evaluation frequency being not less than once per quarter;

b) The performance evaluation dimensions shall include the supplier's product quality performance, delivery, cost, service capability, etc.;

c) The enterprise shall establish an improvement mechanism for suppliers failing the performance evaluation to ensure that suppliers have the capability to deliver qualified products.

5.1.3 Supplier re-evaluation mechanism

The enterprise shall establish a re-evaluation mechanism according to the importance of the battery materials supplied by the supplier.

a) For key suppliers, an audit covering all manufacturing processes shall be conducted annually;

b) For non-key suppliers, an audit covering all manufacturing processes shall be conducted at least once every three years;

c) On-site audits should be given priority as the re-evaluation method, or online audits may be conducted in combination with supplier performance.

5.1.4 Supplier classification and exit management

The enterprise's supplier classification and exit management shall satisfy the following requirements.

a) The enterprise shall classify suppliers based on quantitative indicators such as supplier performance evaluation results and re-evaluation results;

b) According to the classification results, the enterprise shall implement differentiated control strategies (development or exit) for suppliers at different levels.

5.2 Supplier battery material development management

5.2.1 Process specification

The enterprise shall establish a battery material development management process and establish a digital management system to monitor the battery material development process.

a) For power lithium ion cells, battery material development shall be planned and implemented in accordance with the APQP requirements;

b) For energy storage or consumer lithium ion cells, the IPD development process or an equivalent development process may be adopted for battery material development management.

5.2.2 Project plan management

The enterprise shall develop a battery material development plan in conjunction with the project plan, complete the battery material design freeze before project design freeze, and complete production part and production process approval for battery materials before project mass production and delivery.

5.2.3 Design approval

The enterprise shall require suppliers to conduct testing on battery materials. The test items shall cover material drawings, technical documentation, and applicable laws and regulations.

5.2.4 Special characteristic management

The enterprise shall require suppliers to control special characteristics as follows.

a) Suppliers shall give priority to controlling special characteristics by design or error-proofing of tooling;

b) Where control by design or error-proofing of tooling cannot be adopted as the preferred solution, SPC monitoring shall be implemented to ensure that the special characteristics remain stable within the tolerance range and to reduce the risk of variation.

Note: Process capability control of power lithium ion cell materials shall refer to the requirements of IATF 16949. The corresponding requirements for process capability control of other types of battery materials shall be determined by the enterprise.

5.2.5 Production process approval

Before mass production of battery materials, the enterprise shall approve and release the production process of the battery materials. The release conditions shall satisfy the following requirements.

a) The molds, tooling, fixtures, and production lines for mass production at the supplier's site shall pass acceptance, and the control plan, work instructions, inspection instructions, etc. shall be prepared;

b) The yield rate, average daily peak production capacity, and CPK index of the battery materials shall satisfy the enterprise's control requirements for battery materials.

6.1 Process specification

The enterprise shall establish an incoming battery material acceptance process. The process shall at least specify the procedures for outer packaging inspection, quantity verification, validity period confirmation, and verification of supplier accompanying documents (such as factory inspection report and SDS).

6.2 Outer packaging inspection

6.2.1 The packaging of incoming battery materials shall satisfy the enterprise's packaging specification requirements to ensure that the battery materials are not easily affected by moisture, impact, or contamination during transportation and storage.

6.2.2 Material labels shall satisfy the following requirements.

a) The label information shall be accurate and complete, and shall at least include the supplier name or code, material name or code, batch number, production date, validity period, quantity, etc.;

b) The labels shall be affixed at consistent locations to facilitate incoming material inspection, retrieval, and management. The specific location may be determined according to the actual material packaging form;

c) The label information shall be clear, without missing information, and without damage.

6.3 Validity period inspection

The production date and validity period of the materials shall be confirmed.

6.4 Receipt quantity inspection

6.4.1 The enterprise shall establish a battery material receipt quantity inspection process, clearly defining the sampling inspection ratio for each type of material to prevent shortages in the quantity of incoming materials in a batch and avoid affecting the normal operation of the production line.

6.4.2 After the quantity inspection has been passed, the material information (including the production date, batch number, quantity, etc.) shall be entered into the system, and the information entered into the system shall be ensured to be consistent with the actual materials.

Note: For materials measured by weight, the receipt quantity shall be the net weight after deducting the weight of the packaging materials.

6.5 Receipt documentation confirmation

Incoming materials shall be accompanied by the supplier's certificate of inspection in accordance with the requirements of the drawings and the incoming inspection plan. Chemicals shall be accompanied by an SDS.

7.1 Inspection process

7.1.1 In addition to supplier ex-factory inspection, the enterprise shall establish an incoming inspection process for battery materials, inspection items and methods for various types of battery materials, and disposition plans for nonconforming battery materials, to ensure that the incoming material quality meets the requirements of the production process and finished product quality.

7.1.2 The requirements for environment and personnel are as follows:

a) The temperature, humidity, cleanliness, illuminance, etc. of the inspection environment shall satisfy the most stringent environmental requirements of the measuring instruments involved, materials to be measured, and test items in the environment; […]