GB/T 44256-2024Earth-moving machinery - Energy consumption for battery electric wheel loaders - Test methods (English PDF)

Foreword

SAC/TC 334 is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the contents of the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.

The document is drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2020 Directives for standardization - Part 1: Rules for the structure and drafting of standardizing documents. It was proposed by China Machinery Industry Federation and prepared by SAC/TC 334, the National Technical Committee on Earth-moving Machinery of the Standardization Administration of China.

It was issued on 24 July 2024 by the State Administration for Market Regulation and the National Standardization Administration, and took effect the same day.

1 Scope

China's national test method for the energy consumption of battery electric wheel loaders. Wheel loaders were among the first pieces of construction plant to go battery electric in China, and the moment they did, the industry lost its yardstick: a diesel loader is compared on litres per hour, but there was no agreed way to state how many kilowatt-hours an electric one uses, or how long a shift it can actually work on a charge. Without a common procedure every manufacturer measured on its own site, with its own load, its own cycle and its own instruments, and the published figures could not be compared. This document supplies the missing procedure. It sets the test conditions - ambient temperature from 5 degrees C to 35 degrees C, relative humidity below 95 per cent, wind speed not more than 5 m/s, a flat and firm site, a warmed-up machine in standard configuration with air conditioning and auxiliary loads switched off - and fixes the measurement parameters, units and accuracies in a table. It then describes how the energy drawn from the power battery is measured, the test cycles to be run (charging, loading, transportation and standby), how the resulting energy consumption is assessed, and how the all electric working time, the longest working time from a full charge, is evaluated. It applies to battery electric wheel loaders whose on-board power battery is the sole power source during work and whose rated operating load does not exceed 8 000 kg; larger machines may use it as a reference. Manufacturers, fleet buyers and testing bodies use it to produce numbers that can be set side by side.

The document specifies the test conditions of energy consumption for battery electric wheel loaders, describes the measurement method and test methods of energy consumption, and gives the evaluation method of energy consumption as well as the evaluation methods of battery endurance.

It is applicable to the tests of energy consumption for battery electric wheel loaders with the on-board power battery, whose maximum working voltage is Class B voltage, used as the sole power source during the working process, and with a rated operating load not exceeding 8 000 kg. For battery electric wheel loaders with a rated operating load exceeding 8 000 kg, the document can be used as a reference.

2 Normative references

The contents of the following documents constitute essential clauses of the document through normative references in the text. For dated references only the edition cited applies; for undated references the latest edition, including any amendments, applies.

GB/T 21153 Earth-moving machinery - Units for dimensions, performance and capacities, and their measurement accuracies.

GB/T 25604 Earth-moving machinery - Loaders - Terminology and commercial specifications.

GB/T 44254 Electric earth-moving machinery - Terminology.

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of the document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 25604 and GB/T 44254 apply, together with the one defined below.