GB/T 43528-2023Communication technical requirements for electrochemical energy storage battery management (English PDF)

Foreword

This document was issued on 28 December 2023 by the State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of the PRC and takes effect on 1 July 2024.

It is a GB/T standard: recommended rather than compulsory, but it is the text a Chinese reviewer applies when assessing a submission.

1 Scope

GB/T 43528-2023 covers the exchange of data inside an electrochemical energy storage installation — what the levels of a battery management system tell each other, and what that system tells the energy storage converter and the plant above it. Clause 5 sets the communication content link by link along that chain. Clause 6 fixes the physical interfaces and the protocols carried over them, with Controller Area Network, Ethernet and RS-485 as the interface options and the CAN link using extended frames, while the normative annexes bind the Modbus, DL/T 634.5104 and DL/T 860 mappings so that two vendors reading the same register mean the same measurement. Clause 7 adds network security for TCP/IP traffic, with identity authentication, access control and data encryption among the protective measures. The detail exists because a battery management system can only protect cells it can see: when a cell voltage or a temperature arrives late, in the wrong scale, or under a tag the receiving equipment interprets differently, protection acts on a picture of the battery that no longer holds, and an overcharge or a runaway develops while the record still reads normal. Informative annexes give a typical architecture and a worked content list. Written for battery and BMS makers, converter and plant integrators, storage operators and test laboratories.

This document specifies the technical requirements for communication content,

interfaces and protocols, and network security in the management of electrochemical

energy storage batteries.

This document is applicable to the design, commissioning, operation, and maintenance

of battery management communication for electrochemical energy storage systems of

lithium-ion batteries, sodium ion batteries, lead-acid (carbon) batteries, flow batteries,

and water electrolysis hydrogen/fuel cells.

2 Normative references

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this

document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,

the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

GB/T 19582.1, Modbus industrial automation network specification -- Part 1.

Modbus application protocol

GB/T 19582.2, Modbus industrial automation network specification -- Part 2.

Modbus protocol implementation guide over serial link

GB/T 19582.3, Modbus industrial automation network specification -- Part 3.

Modbus protocol implementation guide over TCP/IP

GB/T 20271, Information security technology -- Common security techniques

requirement for information system

GB/T 22239, Information security technology -- Baseline for classified protection of

cybersecurity

GB/T 25070, Information security technology -- Technical requirements of security

design for classified protection of cybersecurity

GB/T 34131, Battery management system for electrical energy storage

GB/T 39786, Information security technology -- Baseline for information system

cryptography application

DL/T 634.5101, Telecontrol equipment and systems -- Part 5-101.Supporting

standards for transmission protocol basic telecontrol tasks

DL/T 634.5104, Telecontrol equipment and systems. Part 5-104.Transmission

protocols -- Network access for IEC 60870-5-101 using standard transport profiles

DL/T 860 (all parts), Communication networks and systems for power utility

automation

DL/T 1146, DL/T 860 implementation technical specification

DL/T 2528, Basic Terms of Electric Energy Storage

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions defined in DL/T 2528 apply.

4 Overall requirements

4.1 The communication content for electrochemical energy storage battery management

shall meet the requirements of GB/T 34131.

4.2 The interface and protocol for electrochemical energy storage battery management

communication shall have universality and openness. The typical communication

architecture for battery management is shown in Annex A.

4.3 The management and communication network security of electrochemical energy

storage batteries shall meet the requirements of GB/T 20271, GB/T 22239, and GB/T

25070.

4.4 The equipment related to electrochemical energy storage battery management shall

have a unique device code.

4.5 Electrochemical energy storage battery management communication shall include

communication between various levels of the battery management system, between the

battery management system and the monitoring system, between the battery

management system and the energy storage converter, between the energy storage

converter and the monitoring system, between the battery management system and the

heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system, and between the battery management

system and the fire protection system.

5 Communication content

5.1 Communication content between different levels of the battery management

system

5.1.1 The communication content between different levels of the management system

for lithium-ion batteries, sodium ion batteries, and lead-acid (carbon) batteries can

include voltage, current, temperature, state of energy (SOE), balance state, switch state,

alarm information, protection information, as well as balance control, input and output

control instructions. Please refer to Table B.1 in Annex B for detailed communication

content.

5.1.2 The communication content between different levels of the flow battery

management system can include voltage, current, electrolyte temperature, electrolyte

level, electrolyte pressure, electrolyte flow rate, alarm information, protection

information, and input and output control instructions. Please refer to Table B.2 for

detailed communication content.

5.1.3 The communication content between different levels of the water electrolysis

hydrogen production/fuel cell management system can include electrolysis cell voltage,

electrolysis cell current, electrolysis cell temperature, stack voltage, stack current, stack

temperature, electrolysis cell outlet gas pressure, input hydrogen flow rate, output

hydrogen flow rate, hydrogen concentration in oxygen, oxygen concentration in

hydrogen, micro oxygen content in purified hydrogen, dew point of purified hydrogen,

switch status, alarm information, protection information, and input and output control

instructions. Please refer to Table B.3 for detailed communication content.

5.2 Communication content between battery management system and monitoring

system

5.2.1 The communication content between the management system and monitoring

system of lithium-ion batteries, sodium ion batteries, and lead-acid (carbon) batteries

shall include battery cell information, battery module information, battery cluster

information, timing information, as well as charge and discharge control, battery cluster

or battery array switching, parameter setting instructions, etc.

5.2.2 The communication content between the flow battery management system and

the monitoring system shall include stack information, battery module information,

battery system information, timing information, charge and discharge control, battery

module or stack group switching, parameter setting instructions, etc.

5.2.3 The communication content between the water electrolysis hydrogen

production/fuel cell system and the monitoring system shall include hydrogen

production information, hydrogen storage information, fuel cell information, timing

information, as well as hydrogen production control, discharge control, battery

switching, parameter setting instructions, etc.

5.3 Communication content between battery management system and energy

storage inverter

The communication content between the battery management system and the energy

storage inverter shall include rechargeable power, dischargeable power, rechargeable

energy, dischargeable energy, battery energy status (SOE), and alarm information.

5.4 Communication content between energy storage inverter and monitoring

system

The communication content between the energy storage inverter and the monitoring

system shall include active power, reactive power, voltage, current, frequency,

cumulative charging amount, cumulative discharging amount, charging and discharging

status, operating mode, alarm information, protection information, as well as start stop

control, active power control, reactive power control, operating mode control

instructions, etc. Please refer to Table B.4 for detailed communication content.

5.5 Communication content between battery management system and heating,

ventilation and air conditioning system

The communication content between the battery management system and the heating,

ventilation, and air conditioning system may include control information, operating

temperature and humidity, and alarm information.

5.6 Communication content between battery management system and fire

protection system

The communication content between the battery management system and the fire

protection system may include operating temperature, temperature rise rate,

combustible gas concentration, smoke status data, fire protection system warning or

action status data, etc.

6 Interface and protocol

6.1 The communication interface between different levels of the battery management

system shall use Controller Area Network (CAN), Ethernet, or RS-485.The CAN

interface communication protocol shall adopt CAN2.0B, which uses an extended frame

29-bit identifier, single frame multi frame transmission, and meets the application

requirements of Annex C. The communication protocol for Ethernet and RS-485

interfaces shall adopt Modbus, and Modbus application requirements shall comply with

the provisions of Annex D.

6.2 The communication interface between the battery management system and the

monitoring system shall use Ethernet. The interface shall adopt a dual network

redundancy design. The Ethernet interface communication protocol shall adopt DL/T

634.5104, Modbus or DL/T 860.The port number, frame format and coding definition

of protocol frame elements in DL/T 634.5104 shall comply with the provisions of

7 Network security

7.1 Network security measures shall be taken for battery management transmission

control protocol/internet protocol (TCP/IP) Ethernet communication. Protective

measures include one or more of identity authentication, access control, data encryption,

or integrity protection.

7.2 The identity authentication method for battery management TCP/IP Ethernet

communication shall include one or more measures such as username/password

authentication, key authentication, or digital certificate authentication.

7.3 The access control measures for battery management TCP/IP Ethernet

communication shall include one or more of IP access control or time access control

measures.

7.4 The data encryption for battery management TCP/IP Ethernet communication shall

meet the requirements of GB/T 39786.

7.5 The integrity protection measures for battery management TCP/IP Ethernet

communication shall include digital signature verification, etc.

......

Annex E. The communication modeling requirements of DL/T 860 (all parts) shall

comply with the provisions of Annex F.

6.3 The communication interface between the battery management system and the

energy storage converter shall use CAN, Ethernet, or RS-485.The CAN interface

communication protocol shall adopt CAN 2.0B. Ethernet and RS-485 communication

protocols shall use Modbus.

6.4 The communication interface between the energy storage inverter and the

monitoring system shall use Ethernet. The Ethernet interface communication protocol

shall adopt Modbus, DL/T 634.5104 or DL/T 860 (all parts).

6.5 The communication interface between the battery management system, heating,

ventilation, air conditioning system, and fire protection system shall use RS-485 or

Ethernet. RS-485 and Ethernet interface communication protocol shall use Modbus.