GB/T 43165-2023Pest risk analysis for the transboundary movement of used vehicles, machinery and equipment (English PDF)

1 Scope

GB/T 43165-2023 covers pest risk analysis for the cross-border movement of used vehicles, machinery and equipment. Used machinery is one of the most effective pathways for moving pests between countries and one of the least regulated: an excavator that has been working in soil, a harvester with plant debris in its housings or a truck that has stood in a field carries soil, seeds, snails, insect egg masses and plant pathogens into a country that inspects it as a vehicle rather than as a plant consignment. The standard sets out the main pest risks, the phytosanitary measures applied - cleaning and treatment, prevention of recontamination, the requirements on facilities and on waste disposal - the verification procedures, and the actions to be taken on non-compliance, with an informative annex giving examples of the pests that contaminate such equipment. It took effect on 1 April 2024.

This document gives the main pest risks in the transboundary movement of used vehicles, machinery and equipment (UVME), and specifies the phytosanitary measures applied to UVME, such as cleaning and treatment, pollution prevention, facilities and waste disposal requirements, and verification procedures. This document is applicable to the identification and classification of pest risks and the determination of appropriate phytosanitary measures, which are related to the transboundary movement of UVME that have been used in agriculture, forestry, horticulture, earthwork transportation, open-pit mining, and waste disposal. This document does not apply to passenger transport and commercial transport vehicles that move under their own power. For new vehicles, machinery and equipment, this document can be used as a reference.

2 Normative references

The following documents contain the provisions which, through normative reference in this document, constitute the essential provisions of this document. For the dated referenced documents, only the versions with the indicated dates are applicable to this document; for the undated referenced documents, only the latest versions (including all the amendments) are applicable to this document.

GB/T 20478 Glossary of phytosanitary terms ISPM

3 Terms and definitions

The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 20478 apply to this document.

4 Pest risks

4.1 Main pest risks The main pest risks associated with UVME are contamination of soil, pests, plant debris, seeds, and other plant parts capable of reproduction. Since plants themselves can become pests or potentially harbor pests, seeds and other plant organs capable of reproduction are of great concern. Pests with stress resistance or dormant growth stages that can survive transport to threatened areas are of particular concern. See Appendix A for examples of pests that may contaminate UVME. The pest risk of UVME contaminants is difficult to assess. Therefore, the usual procedures of conducting a pest risk analysis to determine the need for phytosanitary measures and the intensity of these measures may not be applicable. For this reason, in order to reduce the risk of the introduction and spread of quarantine pests, UVME transported across borders needs to be free of contaminants in accordance with this document.

4.2 Elements of pest risk classification The following elements of UVME can influence the level of pest risk: -- Moving distance: UVME used immediately after short-distance cross-border movement by its own power has a low pest risk; -- Type: UVME with complex structure has more areas that may be contaminated; -- Original and earlier uses: UVME used in farms, farmland, forests, close to vegetation, or transporting organic matter is more susceptible to contamination; -- Storage: UVME stored outdoors and near vegetation or lights that attract insects is more susceptible to contamination; -- Intended location or use: UVME that will be used in agricultural areas, forests, or close to vegetation is more likely to provide pathways for the introduction of pests. Examples of UVME ranked in descending order of pest risk and examples of possible phytosanitary measures and verification procedures are provided in Appendix B.

5 Phytosanitary measures

5.1 Basic requirements UVME transported across borders shall be pollution-free.

5.4 Facilities and waste disposal requirements The type of equipment and facility characteristics necessary for UVME cleaning and treatment depend on the location where these procedures are employed. Inspection, cleaning, and treatment usually occur when the exporting country fulfills the phytosanitary import requirements of the destination country. Because contamination may be of local origin, facilities in the exporting country do not need elaborate solid waste and wastewater management systems. Facilities required for UVME inspection, cleaning, and treatment include: -- Countertops that prevent contact with soil, including soil traps and wastewater management systems; -- Temperature treatment facilities; -- Fumigation and chemical treatment facilities. Disposal of soil and contaminated cleaning water must comply with environmental requirements. Containment and disposal methods shall be adequate to prevent the spread of pests and may include soil traps, bagging, deep burial, incineration, fumigation, chemical treatments, composting, and wastewater management systems.

6 Verification procedures

Documentation requirements to demonstrate that the consignment has been cleaned, treated, or inspected (e.g., cleaning statement, treatment certificate, inspection form, phytosanitary certificate) are determined by the national plant protection organization of the country of destination and need to be consistent with the identified pest risk and the requirements of phytosanitary measures. The national plant protection organization of the destination country can conduct the entry inspection to verify whether the UVME is clean. Inbound inspections may include partial or complete dismantling of the UVME and, in some cases, collection of identification samples. Verification of cleanliness may also involve probing or flushing concealed areas (e.g., using high-pressure water or compressed air). The national plant protection organization of the exporting country may authorize entities to treat UVME. UVME cleaning can also be performed by entities other than the national plant protection agency.