GB/T 42855-2023Technical requirements of fuelling protocols for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (English PDF)

3.1 Fueling protocol

Fueling protocol refers to the operating boundary conditions and fueling strategies followed by the hydrogen fueling facilities for fueling hydrogen fuel cell vehicles.

3.2 Mass capacity of onboard hydrogen storage system

Mass capacity of onboard hydrogen storage system refers to the total mass of hydrogen stored by the onboard hydrogen storage system when the hydrogen is at 15 °C and under the nominal working pressure.

3.3 Dispenser pressure

Dispenser pressure refers to the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen fueling pipeline within 1 m upstream of the hydrogen dispenser breakaway valve.

3.4 Target pressure

Target pressure refers to the hydrogen pressure expected from the onboard hydrogen storage system at the end of fueling.

3.5 Fuel delivery temperature

Fuel delivery temperature refers to the temperature of hydrogen in the hydrogen fueling pipeline within 1 m upstream of the hydrogen dispenser breakaway valve.

3.6 Pre-cooling temperature of hydrogen

Pre-cooling temperature of hydrogen refers to the temperature of hydrogen in the hydrogen dispenser after passing through the pre-cooling heat exchanger.

4.1 Composition of Fueling Protocol

The fueling protocol shall include requirements for fueling performance target, boundary conditions, fueling method, process control, fueling speed and target pressure, etc.

4.2 General Rules

4.2.1 The fueling protocol shall be formulated in combination with the hydrogen fueling method and fueling performance target. In accordance with the parameters, such as.

4.3 Fueling Speed

The fueling speed shall satisfy the requirement that the onboard hydrogen storage cylinders do not exceed the maximum allowable working temperature under the following conditions. […]

4.4 Target Pressure

The target pressure shall satisfy the requirement that the onboard hydrogen storage system does not exceed the maximum working pressure under the following conditions. […]

4.5 Classification of Fueling Levels

4.5.2 Pressure rating

4.5.3 Fuel delivery temperature level

The pre-cooling temperature level shall be determined in accordance with the hydrogen temperature range of the hydrogen fueling station. Hydrogen dispensers with the same pressure rating at the hydrogen fueling station should use the same fuel delivery temperature level.

4.5.4 Category of on-board hydrogen storage system capacity

The category of on-board hydrogen storage system capacity is shown in Table 3.

6.1 Basic Requirements

The fueling boundary conditions shall include fueling pressure rating, fuel delivery temperature level, onboard hydrogen storage system capacity, hydrogen storage cylinder type, as well as the ranges of initial fueling pressure, ambient temperature and maximum hydrogen fueling flow rate, etc., among which, the initial fueling pressure, ambient temperature and fuel delivery temperature shall comply with the requirements of GB/T 31138.

6.3 Pipeline Pressure Loss

When the hydrogen flow rate is 60 g/s, the hydrogen pressure loss between the hydrogen dispenser and the onboard hydrogen storage cylinder shall be 3 MPa ~ 25 MPa.

6.4 Fueling Mode

Under the mode of fueling with communication, it shall be possible to obtain the following information. capacity of onboard hydrogen storage system, type of hydrogen storage cylinder, pipeline pressure loss, real-time temperature of hydrogen in onboard hydrogen storage system, real-time pressure of onboard hydrogen storage system, maximum allowable fueling flow rate and switching status of gas inlet globe valve of each hydrogen storage cylinder.

7.1 Fueling with Non-communication

7.1.1 Fueling procedures

The fueling with non-communication includes fueling startup, fueling table selection, main fueling process and fueling process detection, etc. The fueling startup shall include initial air

7.1.2 Shutdown of fueling

The pressure of the hydrogen dispenser shall not be greater than the target pressure, ore the pressure of the hydrogen dispenser shall be set in accordance with the pressure difference between the hydrogen dispenser and the onboard hydrogen storage system, so as to ensure that the pressure of the onboard hydrogen storage system is not greater than the target pressure at the end of fueling.

7.2 Fueling with Communication

7.2.1 Fueling process

The communication fueling process includes communication establishment, fueling startup, fueling table selection, main fueling process, fueling process detection, fuel delivery temperature level reduction and communication disconnected, etc.

7.2.2 Communication establishment

Before the hydrogen dispenser starts fueling, it shall be confirmed that effective communication has been established with the onboard hydrogen storage system, and the following conditions are satisfied.

7.2.3 Communication disconnection

When the hydrogen dispenser cannot obtain the data signal of the onboard hydrogen storage system or does not comply with the requirements specified in 7.2.2, if it satisfies the conditions of fueling with non-communication, the fueling shall be continued in accordance with the procedures of fueling with non-communication, and shall comply with the following requirements; otherwise, the hydrogen dispenser shall stop fueling within 3 s.

7.2.4 Shutdown of fueling

The hydrogen dispenser shall adopt the real-time temperature of hydrogen in the onboard hydrogen storage system,

8.1 Basic Requirements

8.1.1 Ambient temperature

The accuracy and installation position of the temperature sensor for measuring ambient temperature shall comply with the requirements specified in GB/T 31138. During the fueling, the ambient temperature shall be not lower than -40 °C and not greater than 50 °C. If this temperature range is exceeded, it shall be handled in accordance with the ambient temperature over-limit requirements specified in GB/T 31138.

8.1.3 Pressure measurement of hydrogen dispenser

The sampling frequency of pressure of the hydrogen dispenser shall not be less than 1 Hz, the accuracy and installation position of the pressure sensor for measuring the pressure of the hydrogen dispenser shall comply with the requirements specified in GB/T 31138.

8.1.7 Air tightness test

For H35 main fueling process, at least one initial air tightness test shall be conducted. For H70 main fueling process, when the pressure of the hydrogen dispenser reaches 30 MPa and 60 MPa, the air tightness test on the fueling process shall be respectively conducted and shall comply with the requirements specified in GB/T 31138.

8.1.8 Determination of fueling parameters

The determination of the fueling parameters shall comply with the following requirements. […]

8.2 Pressure Control Method

Within the main fueling time range, the pressure of the hydrogen dispenser shall increase in accordance with the average pressure ramp rate of the target. Except for the first 15 s, within the effective fueling time of the main fueling process, if the pressure of the hydrogen dispenser is higher than the upper pressure limit or lower than the lower pressure limit of the hydrogen dispenser, hydrogen fueling shall be stopped within 3 s.

8.3 Flow Control Method

Within the effective fueling time of the main fueling process, the average hydrogen fueling flow rate of the hydrogen dispenser shall not exceed ±5% of the average flow rate of the target and shall comply with the following requirements. […]