GB/T 41526.1-2022Protective equipment for sports—Protective equipment for winter sports—Part 1: Safety requirements and testing methods for helmets of alpine skiers and snowboarders (English PDF)

3.1 Helmets of alpine skiers and snowboarders

The equipment wore on the alpine skier's or the snowboarder's head to absorb collision energy and reduce accidental head injuries to the wearer during skiing.

5.1 Structure

The helmet consists of a shell, a buffer layer, a comfort lining and a retention system, and the requirements are as follows:

a) The surface shall be firm and smooth;

b) The edges shall be rounded to prevent direct injury to the head;

c) The inner surface shall be free of protrusions or sharp objects longer than 2 mm;

d) The strap width shall not be less than 15 mm.

5.2 Mass (including accessories)

The mass of the helmet shall be less than ±30 g from the manufacturer's nominal value.

5.3 Visual field

The left and right horizontal visual fields shall be no less than 105°, the upper visual field shall be no less than 25°, and the lower visual field shall be no less than 45°.

5.4 Coverage area

5.4.1 Helmets of protection class A shall at least cover an area more than BCDEA' in Figure 3.

5.4.2 Helmets of protection class B shall at least cover an area more than BCA' in Figure 3.

5.5 Testing area

5.5.1 The testing area for helmets of protection class A shall cover the area B'FLMA' in Figure 3.

5.5.2 The testing area for helmets of protection class B shall cover the area B'FJA' in Figure 3.

5.8 Collision energy absorption performance

Testing in accordance with the provisions of 6.9 shall meet the following requirements:

a) The peak acceleration during the test shall not be greater than 250 g (g = 9.806 65 m/s²);

b) After the test, the helmet shell shall not have sharp angles or edges less than 60°;

c) After the test, the shell shall not have cracks penetrating the entire thickness and with a curve length greater than 150 mm;

d) After the test, the helmet shall not have mass loss greater than 30 g.

5.9 Penetration resistance

Testing in accordance with the provisions of 6.10, the top of the impact cone cannot contact the base.

5.10 Textile product safety performance

Textile parts on the helmet shall comply with Class B requirements specified in 5.1 of GB 18401-2010.

5.11 Leather safety performance

Leather parts on the helmet shall comply with Class B requirements specified in Chapter 5 of GB 20400-2006.

6.1 Test conditions

6.1.1 Laboratory environment (normal temperature environment)

Let stand under conditions where the temperature is 20 °C ± 3 °C and the relative humidity is 20% ~ 80% for 4 h ~ 24 h.

6.1.2 Low temperature environment

Let stand under conditions where the temperature is -25 °C ± 2 °C for 4 h ~ 24 h.

6.1.3 Artificial aging environment

Perform the artificial aging environment in accordance with the following requirements:

a) conditioning at 70 °C ± 2 °C high temperature for at least 48 h;

b) at normal temperature as specified in 6.1.1, for 4 h ~ 24 h;

c) Irradiate with a 125 W quartz tube xenon lamp for 48 h ~ 50 h, during which the surface of the helmet sample shall be kept 250 mm ± 30 mm away from the irradiation source, and the helmet sample shall be rotated to ensure uniform irradiation;

d) at normal temperature as specified in 6.1.1, for 4 h ~ 24 h.

6.2 Structure inspection

6.2.1 Measuring tool

A length measuring instrument with a measuring range less than 500 mm and a graduation value not greater than 1 mm.

6.2.2 Test procedure

The test shall be carried out in the following steps:

a) For a new sample, perform conditioning according to the normal temperature environment;

b) Look at the helmet visually and touch the surface and edge of the helmet with hands;

c) Touch the inside of the helmet with hands. If there are any protrusions or sharp points, measure the size of the protrusions and sharp points;

d) Flatten the strap and measure the strap width at any point.

6.3 Mass inspection

6.3.1 Measuring tool

Weighing instrument with a graduation value not greater than 1 g.

6.3.2 Test procedure

The test shall be carried out in the following steps:

a) Select a new sample and perform conditioning according to the normal temperature environment; […]

6.8 Retention system strength performance test

Select a new sample; after conditioning at normal temperature, test in accordance with the provisions of 6.6 in GB 24429-2009. The guiding device shall ensure that the impact speed of the impact weight is not less than 95% of the theoretical free fall speed.

6.9 Collision energy absorption performance test

6.9.1 Test device

A collision experimental equipment complying with the requirements of 6.7.1 of GB 24429-2009.

6.9.2 Test procedure

The test shall be carried out in the following steps:

a) In the testing area, randomly select two points with a straight-line distance of not less than 120 mm as the collision points, and clearly mark them on the sample helmet;

b) Perform conditioning on the sample helmet according to a certain state; for the low-temperature conditioned helmet sample, complete the first impact within 2 minutes, and complete all tests within 5 minutes. After 5 minutes, for every 1 minute exceeding the time limit, put it back into the low-temperature environment for at least 5 times the exceeding time.

c) Put the sample helmet on the testing headform on the experimental equipment; adjust the testing headform and the sample helmet and fix them so that:

1) The positioning index is consistent with that determined in b) of 6.5.2;

2) The collision point is aligned with the center of the flat anvil;

3) The retention system is completely restrained;

d) Lift the testing headform and the sample helmet to the corresponding heights; make the sample helmet impact the flat anvil at a speed of (5.37±0.05) m/s;

e) Select another collision point and repeat c) and d).

6.10 Penetration resistance test

e) Fix the sample helmet so that the collision point does not move.

f) Raise the impact cone to a corresponding height and let it fall to impact the collision point of the sample helmet at the following speed:

1) Protection class A sample helmet: 3.79 m/s ± 0.05 m/s;

2) Protection class B sample helmet: 2.66 m/s ± 0.05 m/s.

g) Select two other collision points and repeat steps c), d), e), and f).

6.10.1 Test device

The test device can be composed of a guided drop system, an impact cone, a base, a speed measuring device and a foundation, as shown in Figure 4:

6.11 Textile product safety performance test

Test textile parts in accordance with the methods specified in Chapter 6 of GB 18401-2010.

6.12 Leather safety performance test

Test leather parts in accordance with the method specified in Chapter 6 of GB 20400-2006.

7.1 Marking

Each helmet shall have the following clear markings:

a) product name;

b) trademark;

c) address of the manufacturer or trademark user;

d) product use;

e) product specifications;

f) production date or product batch number;

g) number of this document;

h) description of protection class A or protection class B;

i) helmet mass;

j) conformity mark;

k) the following warnings:

1) Fasten the strap when using;

2) Stop using the device after a large impact;

3) Do not use corrosive solvents to clean the helmet;

4) Wearing the helmet correctly can effectively reduce sports injuries, but cannot completely avoid injuries.

7.2 Packaging

The outer packaging shall contain at least the contents specified in a), b), c), d), e) and j) of 7.1, and the relevant storage and transportation markings shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 191-2008.

7.3 Product instructions

Each helmet shall be accompanied by a product manual in Chinese, which shall at least include the following:

a) Remind buyers to choose a qualified helmet that suits their headform size;

b) Fasten the strap when using;

c) If the helmet is hit hard, it shall not be used anymore;

d) Take good care of the helmet, do not use corrosive solvents to clean the helmet, and do not expose it to strong sunlight;

e) Expiration date (proposed by the manufacturer based on product conditions);

f) The structure of the helmet shall not be altered;

g) Wearing the sport helmet correctly can effectively reduce sports injuries, but cannot completely avoid injuries;

h) Reasonable explanation of the correct wearing method, including the positioning index. […]