GB/T 36234-2018Qualification testing of welders for fusion welding on titanium and titanium alloys, zirconium and zirconium alloys (English PDF)

4.1 Overview

The following symbols and abbreviations may be used when filling out the welder qualification certificate.

4.2 Test piece

a --- weld calculation thickness;

BW---butt weld;

D --- tube outer diameter;

FW--- fillet weld;

P --- board;

t --- plate thickness or pipe wall thickness;

T --- tube;

z --- Solder foot size.

4.3 Welding materials

Nm---no filler metal;

Wm---with filler metal.

4.4 Others

Bs --- double-sided welding;

Gg --- the back of the weld is cleared;

Mb---with pad welding;

Nb --- linerless soldering;

Ng --- the back of the weld is not clear;

Ss --- single-sided welding;

Sl --- single layer welding;

Ml---multilayer welding.

5.1 Overview

The welder's skill assessment is based on the main parameters, and this standard specifies the scope of approval for each major parameter. If the main parameters are exceeded

For the scope of approval, an additional skill assessment is required for the welder.

The test should use standard test pieces and have a representative representation of the actual structure.

5.2 Welding method

The welding method applicable to this standard (the code name is referred to GB/T 5185) is as follows.

131---Melting inert gas shielded arc welding (MIG);

141---Tungsten inert gas shielded arc welding (TIG);

15--plasma arc welding (PAW).

Each test generally only accepts one welding method. Changing the welding method requires a new exam.

The welder is allowed to obtain a variety of welding methods by welding a joint welding method joint test piece.

Such as. TIG welding base, MIG filled single-sided welded butt joint (with pad), can be tested in any of the following ways.

a) Combination approval. TIG welding for root bead, combined welding with MIG welding for filled bead, each welding method according to its thickness

Accreditation

b) Separate approval. The root bead is approved by TIG welding and the subsequent bead is approved by padded MIG or double-sided welding.

5.3 Type of weld (butt weld and fillet weld)

The welds for the exam are two types. butt welds and fillet welds. The approved range of welds is shown in Table 1 and meets the following criteria.

a) Pipe butt welds (outer diameter D > 25mm) are suitable for butt welds.

b) The butt weld of the plate is suitable for pipe butt welds under the following conditions.

--- Tube outer diameter D >= 500mm, corresponding welding position;

--- Tube outer diameter D >= 150mm, only flat welding (PA) or horizontal welding (PC) position.

c) Although the approval of butt welds applies to fillet welds. However, in the case where the actual production is mostly fillet welds, the welder should be made to have the corresponding angle.

Weld test.

d) Pipe butt welds without gaskets are suitable for branch pipes with an angle greater than 60°. The approved range of the branch pipes is based on the outer diameter of the branch pipes.

e) If the actual production is mainly connected by a branch pipe or contains a complicated branch pipe, the welder shall receive special training and accept the pipe joint

Test piece exam.

Table 1 Approved range of butt joint test pieces

Weld type of test piece

Recognition range 1)

Butt weld pipe butt weld 2)

Single-sided welding

Ss

Double-sided welding

Bs

Single-sided welding

Ss

Padded

Mb

Without padding

Nb

Clear root

Gg

Unclear root

Ng

Padded

Mb

Without padding

Nb

Butt weld

Single-sided welding ss

With padded mb - - × - 2) -

Without pad nb × - × × 2) 2)

Double-sided welding bs

Clear root gg × - - - 2) -

Unclear root ng × - × - 2) -

Butt weld

Single-sided welding ss

With padded mb × - × - - -

Without padding nb × × × × × -

1) - for test welds; × for approved welds; - for unapproved welds.

2) For the scope of accreditation, see 5.3b).

5.4 Base metal

5.4.1 Overview

In order to reduce the number of exams, titanium and titanium alloys, zirconium and zirconium alloys are grouped according to ISO /T R15608 (see Appendix G).

5.4.2 Scope of approval

The approved range of the base metal is shown in Table 2.

Special base materials outside the classification system should be tested separately.

Table 2 Approved range of base metal

Test piece base material group

Scope of recognition

51 52 53 54 61 62

5.5 Welding materials

The filler metal and protective gas (including plasma gas) used in the test shall be matched with the base metal and conform to the welding procedure (or welder).

Art pre-procedure) requirements.

The test filler metal and shielding gas are suitable for other filler metals and shielding gases matched by the same type of base metal.

The parts are the same welding method, and the change of the shielding gas does not require the welder's operating skills.

5.6 size

The approved range of the workpiece dimensions is based on the thickness of the test piece (thickness or wall thickness) and the outside diameter of the tube. Tables 3 and 4 specify the size of the exam.

Scope of recognition.

Table 3 The approved range of the test piece is in millimeters

Specimen thickness t

T<=3 t~2.5t

t >3 >3

Table 4 The approved range of tube outer diameter is in millimeters

Tube outer diameter of the test piece

Scope of recognition

D<=25 D~2D

D >25 >=0.5D (minimum 25mm)

5.7 Welding position

The test piece shall be welded at the welding position specified in GB/T 16672. Table 5 gives the approved range for each weld location.

The tube H-L045 is suitable for all positions.

When the tube outer diameter D>=150mm, it is allowed to carry out two welding positions on one pipe test piece (2/3 circumference PF, 1/3 circumference)

PC) welding.

Table 5 Approved range of welding position

examination

position

Recognition range a

PA PBb PC PDb PE PF (plate) PH (tube) PG (plate) PJ (tube) H-L045

PA × × - - - - - - - -

PBb × × - - - - - - - -

PC × × × - - - - - - -

PDb × × × × × × - - - -

PE × × ×c × × × - - - -

PF (board) × × - - - × - - - -

PH (tube) × × - × × × × - - -

PG (board) - - - - - - - × - -

PJ (tube) × × - × × - - × × -

H-L045 × × × × × × × × × ×

Note. × is the approved welding position; - is the unapproved welding position.

a In addition, the requirements of 5.3b) should also be met.

b PB and PD are fillet welds and are only suitable for fillet welds in other locations.

c Only for sheet metal, not for tube welding.

6.1 Supervision

Welding and inspection of the test piece shall be carried out under the supervision of the examiner or the examination body.

The welder shall mark the examiner and welder on the test piece before the weld begins.

If the welding conditions are not correct or if the welder is found to have insufficient skills, such as too much overhaul, the examiner may terminate the exam.

6.2 Shape, size and quantity of the test piece

The shape and size requirements of the test piece are shown in Figures 1 to 4.

For test specimens with a circumference of less than 150 mm, additional test pieces are required, but the number of additional test pieces is not more than three.

The unit is mm

Figure 1 Dimensions of the butt weld test piece

The unit is mm

T>=6mm, a<=0.5t

t< 6mm, 0.5t<=a<=t

Z~0.7t

Figure 2 Size of the fillet weld test piece

The unit is mm

Figure 3 Dimensions of pipe butt weld test pieces

The unit is mm

t take a smaller value

T>=6mm, a<=0.5t

t< 6mm, 0.5t<=a<=t

Z~0.7t

Figure 4 Dimensions of the fillet weld test piece

6.3 Welding conditions

The welding conditions of the skill test should be compatible with the actual production and meet the requirements of the welding procedure specification (or welding procedure pre-procedure) (see

GB/T 19867.1).

Welding during the test shall meet the following requirements.

a) The welding time of the test piece shall be consistent with the welding time under normal production conditions;

b) The test piece shall be marked and marked with at least one arc stop and re-arcing on the root bead and the cover bead within the length of the test;

c) the test piece is marked;

d) In addition to the cover weld, the welder is allowed to pass the grinding method or other processes used in the production, with the consent of the examiner.

Except for minor defects.

6.4 Test and test methods

Each welded weld shall be visually inspected in the as-welded condition (see GB/T 32259 for details). Visual inspection also includes under-weld roots and tables

The tempering color of the face. When required, visual inspection may be accompanied by a penetration test (according to GB/T 18851.1) or other tests.

When testing the root of a pipe, the pipe should be cut in half.

After visual inspection, other inspections shall be made (see Table 6, radiographic inspection according to GB/T 3323; bending test according to

GB/T 2653; breaking test according to GB/T 27551; macroscopic inspection according to GB/T 26955).

When the test piece is provided with a liner, it should be removed prior to the destructive test. The test piece shall be cut by mechanical processing method, and both ends of the test piece shall be taken.

The 25mm part should be discarded (see Figures 5 and 6).

Table 6 Test methods

Testing method

Butt weld

(plate and tube)

Fillet weld

Visual inspection mandatory enforcement

Penetration inspection is not mandatory

Radiographic inspection is not mandatory -

Bending test mandatory -

Fracture test - mandatory

Macro inspection is not mandatory

6.5 Test pieces and specimens

6.5.1 Overview

6.5.2~6.5.5 specifies the dimensions, preparation and test requirements for different test pieces and specimens.

6.5.2 Butt weld

The transverse bending should be carried out in accordance with GB/T 2653 with a bending angle of 180°.

For pipe butt welds (see Figure 5), at least two positive bends and two back bends should be made.

The diameter of the bend should be.

---Group 51 material is 4t;

--- 52, 53, 54, 61, 62 materials are 6t.

Depending on the elongation of the parent metal, both the supply and demand sides can also negotiate a larger diameter of the bend.

When the thickness of the board or tube is greater than (or equal to) 10 mm, the positive and back bending tests may be replaced by four sets of side bend tests.

When using the ray inspection, the test piece shall be inspected in the as-welded condition and a B-level ray inspection process shall be used.

6.5.3 Plate fillet weld

The corner weld seam breakage shall be carried out according to GB/T 27551, and the test piece shall be divided into several samples as needed. The breaking of each sample is shown in Figure 6.

Shown and checked after breaking.

The macroscopic inspection shall be carried out in accordance with GB/T 26955, and at least 4 specimens shall be uniformly intercepted within the length of the inspection.

Figure 5 Preparation of pipe butt weld specimen

The unit is mm

a) the part to be inspected for the fillet weld b) the fracture test (opening the gap if necessary)

Figure 6 Preparation and test of fracture specimens for fillet welds

6.5.4 Pipe fillet weld

Pipe joint weld fracture shall be carried out in accordance with GB/T 27551. The test piece shall be cut into 4 (or more) specimens and broken (see Figure 7).

Figure 7 Preparation and test of the fillet weld sample

The macroscopic inspection shall be carried out in accordance with GB/T 26955, and at least 4 specimens shall be taken at equal distances along the circumference of the pipe.

9.1 Initial recognition

The welder's approval is valid from the date of welding of the test piece. The prerequisite is that the required exam has been completed and the test results

qualified.

9.2 Validity confirmation

The welder qualification certificate issued is valid for two years. The precondition is that the company's welding personnel or responsible personnel should do it every six months.

Confirm that the welder continues to work within the initial approved range.

9.3 Extension

The examiner/examination institution may extend the welder qualification certificate once every two years as required by this standard.

Before the certificate is postponed, the requirements of 9.2 shall be met and the following conditions shall be confirmed.

a) In actual production, the quality of welds welded by welders meets the requirements;

b) The archives supporting the extension in the welder's file (such as the semi-annual non-destructive inspection report or the fracture inspection report) are complete.

5.4 (5.4.1, 5.4.1) 5.4, 6.4

5.5 5.5, 6.5

5.6 5.6, 6.6

5.7 5.7, 5.8, 6.7

9.1, 9.2 10.1

9.3 10.2

Appendix A -

- Appendix ZA

Appendix B -

Appendix C -

Appendix D -

Appendix E Appendix A

Appendix F -

Appendix G -

Appendix B

(informative appendix)

Technical differences between this standard and ISO 9606-5.2000 and their causes

Table B.1 Technical differences between this standard and ISO 9606-5.2000 and their causes

This standard

Chapter number

Technical difference

With regard to the normative reference documents, this standard has made technical adjustments to adapt to China's technology.

The conditions of the adjustment and adjustment are concentrated in Chapter 2, "Regulatory References", and the specific adjustments are as follows.

- Replace EN910 with GB/T 2653 equivalent to the international standard (see 6.4, 6.5.2);

- Replace EN1435 with GB/T 3323 equivalent to the international standard (see 6.4);

- Replace ENISO 4063 with GB/T 5185 equivalent to the international standard (see 5.2);

- Replace EN6520-1 with GB/T 6417.1 equivalent to the international standard (see Chapter 7);

- Replace ENISO 6947 with GB/T 16672 equivalent to the international standard (see 5.7);

- Replace EN571-1 with GB/T 18851.1 equivalent to the international standard (see 6.4);

- Replace EN25871 with GB/T 19418 equivalent to the international standard (see Chapter 7);

- Replace EN1321 with GB/T 26955 equivalent to the international standard (see 6.4, 6.5.3, 6.5.4);

- Replace EN1320 with GB/T 27551 equivalent to the international standard (see 6.4, 6.5.3, 6.5.4);

- Replace GB 970 with GB/T 32259 with international standards (see 6.4);

- Replace CR12817 with the international standard ISO /T R15608 (see 5.4.1);

- Added reference to GB/T 3375 (see Chapter 2);

- Added reference to GB/T 19866 (see Chapter 2);

- Added reference to GB/T 19867.1 (see Chapter 2);

- Removed EN287-1.1992;

- Removed EN287-2.1992;

- Deleted EN1289;

- Removed ISO 857

Adapt to China's technical conditions

Chapter 5 of the original international standard "Main parameters of skill assessment" and Chapter 6 "Scope of approval of welders"

Consolidated as Chapter 5 of the Standard "Main Parameters and Scope of Approval"

Increase operability,

Facilitate standard execution

Appendix C

(informative appendix)

Welder qualification certificate

mark.

Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) No.. Examiner or Exam Authority Number.

Welder Name.

Identification code.

Identification method.

enterprise.

Procedures/examination criteria.

Expertise. Qualified/Not Exam (can be deleted as needed)

photo

Specimen approval range

Welding method

Specimen type (plate or tube)

Weld type

Base metal group

Fill metal type (model)

Protective gas

Auxiliary materials (such as back protective gas)

Base metal thickness/mm

Tube outer diameter/mm

Position of welding

Other welding factors

Inspection project inspection and passing untested

Visual inspection

Radiographic inspection

Fracture test

Bending test

Penetration test

Macro inspection

Examiner's name or test institution name.

Signature, location, date of the examiner or examination body.

Welding date.

Validity period.

Deferred confirmation

Date signature title or title

Appendix D

(informative appendix)

Welder exam approval mark example

D.1 Example 1

Welder examination GB/T 36234141TBW W61wmt03D50PAssnb

Description