GB/T 27902-2026Technical specification for fire investigation simulation experiments (English PDF)

6.1 Experimental Organization

6.1.1 Fire investigation simulation experiments may be organized and implemented by the accident investigation team or the investigating unit itself, or they may be entrusted to other units for implementation; If the experiment is carried out by another organization, a commissioning procedure should be completed and the experimental requirements should be submitted.

6.1.2 The implementing unit of the fire investigation simulation experiment shall designate an experiment leader, who shall determine the fire investigation model based on the investigation requirements. The purpose and type of the proposed experiment.

6.1.3 Ignition source experiments and trace characteristic investigation experiments can be conducted using scaled-down experiments or specialized experiments; fire development and spread experiments and scenario verification experiments... The same-scale test should be used for verification; the same-scale test should be used for audio and video investigation experiments, and priority should be given to using the fire scene for these experiments.

6.2 Experimental Personnel

6.2.1 The experimental personnel should be technical personnel belonging to the investigating unit or temporarily hired by it, as well as technical personnel of the entrusted unit.

6.2.2 Experimental personnel include those responsible for experimental design, command, operation, recording, data processing, result analysis, and report preparation; not... This includes personnel involved in cleaning, maintenance, and other tasks unrelated to the experimental results.

6.2.3 The experiment leader is responsible for organizing the entire experiment process, including experimental design, experimental command, and experimental data processing and conclusion. The task includes result analysis and report preparation. The person in charge of the experiment should possess relevant professional skills in fire cause investigation and hold an intermediate or higher technical title. Or have worked in this field for more than 3 years.

6.2.4 The experiment should be conducted by at least two experimenters.

6.3 Experimental Equipment

6.3.1 Select experimental equipment according to the purpose and type of the experiment, including photographic and video recording equipment for experimental recording, and equipment for experimental implementation and data collection. The instruments and equipment used for data collection, as well as equipment used for safety protection, power supply and communication, and fire fighting.

6.3.2 Instruments and equipment include ignition, light emission, sound emission, monitoring, photography, video recording, timing, distance measurement, environmental data acquisition, electrical signal monitoring, and temperature measurement devices. Equipment for temperature data acquisition and flue gas composition detection.

6.3.3 Equipment includes fire extinguishing, ventilation, isolation, communication, and safety protection equipment.

6.3.4 As needed, provide high-temperature protection for the sensors, power supply, and data transmission lines of the data acquisition and video recording equipment at the experimental site. Protect and extend its operating time in high-temperature experimental environments.

6.3.5 The equipment for ignition source tests, trace feature investigation tests, fire development and spread tests, audio-visual investigation tests, and scenario verification tests should be... They comply with the provisions of Appendices A through E respectively.

6.4 Experimental Materials

6.4.1 Experimental materials include ignition sources, items to be tested (verified), materials used to construct experimental apparatus and arrange the experimental site, etc., and should preferably be kept away from fire. If the materials at the disaster site are of the same model and batch, prioritize materials that were not damaged at the fire scene. If identical materials cannot be obtained or it cannot be confirmed that the materials are from the same fire scene, then... If the materials are not identical, they should be selected as needed based on the actual fire situation.

6.4.2 When commissioning experiments, the commissioning unit shall provide the experimental materials, and the commissioned unit shall, upon receiving the experimental materials, verify their type, quantity, condition, etc. Please confirm.

6.4.3 If it is necessary to temporarily hire professional personnel to assist in the transportation and installation of experimental materials, the experimental implementation unit shall be responsible for the condition of the materials after installation and commissioning. The status needs to be confirmed.

6.5 Experimental Environment

6.5.1 The experimental environment includes natural environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, wind direction, and lighting, as well as building structure, ventilation conditions, and distribution of combustible materials. The environment of the testing site should be determined according to the purpose and type of the experiment.

6.5.2 Scale-on-scale tests should be conducted at the fire scene or in a location with similar environmental conditions. Scale-down tests and specialized tests should be conducted according to actual conditions. Set up the experimental environment according to the purpose and type of the experiment.

6.5.3 Favorable and unfavorable condition experiments can be conducted in locations with different environmental conditions than the fire scene.

6.6 Experimental Methods

6.6.1 Experimental methods should be selected according to the purpose and type of the experiment, such as ignition source experiments, trace characteristic investigation experiments, and fire development and spread experiments. The experimental methods for audio-visual investigation experiments and scenario verification experiments shall comply with the provisions of Appendices A to E.

6.6.2 When the experimental methods specified in this document cannot meet the needs of the investigation, other scientific methods provided by standards or literature may be reasonably selected.

6.6.3 When conducting commissioned experiments, the commissioning unit and the commissioned unit shall fully communicate and consult to jointly determine the experimental methods.

6.7 Experiment Implementation

6.7.1 Before conducting a fire investigation simulation experiment, an experimental plan should be developed. The plan should include the experiment name, purpose, time, environment, location, and equipment. Preparation, materials, methods, procedures, and requirements, etc. During the experiment, appropriate adjustments may be made with the consent of the person in charge of the experiment, based on the actual situation.

6.7.2 Before starting a fire investigation simulation experiment, the potential environmental impact and safety risks of the experiment should be assessed, and an emergency plan should be developed based on the actual situation. The inspection process includes protective and fire-fighting measures, and the emergency response plan should be followed in the event of an accident.

6.7.3 When conducting fire investigation simulation experiments, the experimental site should be sealed off. Personnel unrelated to the experiment should be approved by the person in charge of the experiment before entering the site. approve.

6.7.4 Experimental time, environment, equipment, materials, processes, and data should be recorded. Recording methods may include written records, photographs, and videos. Drafting, modeling, etc.

6.7.5 Ignition tests should be repeated. If ignition is successful, the number of tests should be three; if ignition is unsuccessful, the number of tests should be reduced accordingly. The person in charge of the experiment shall be determined; for experiments commissioned by another party, the person commissioned shall be determined through consultation between the commissioning party and the commissioning party.

6.7.6 Experiments involving trace feature investigation, fire development and spread, audio-visual investigation, and scenario verification should be repeated. The number of experiments is determined by the person in charge of the experiment; for commissioned experiments, the number is determined through consultation between the commissioning unit and the commissioning unit.

6.7.7 Experiments under favorable and unfavorable conditions do not need to be repeated.

6.7.8 The unit implementing the experiment shall issue an experiment report.