GB/T 26118.3-2010Safety of machinery -- Assessment and reduction of risks arising from radiation emitted by machinery -- Part 3: Reduction of radiation by attenuation or screening (English PDF)
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Issued by
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China
Level / Type
National · Recommended
Issue date
January 10, 2011
Implementation date
October 1, 2011
Scope
GB/T 26118.3-2010 (Safety of machinery -- Assessment and reduction of risks arising from radiation emitted by machinery -- Part 3: Reduction of radiation by attenuation or screening) is available as an English-translated PDF.
GB/T 26118.3-2010 - The purpose of this Part of GB/T 26118 is to provide means to enable manufacturers of machinery concerned by a radiation hazard to design and manufacture efficient safeguards against radiations.
Specific technical details of the design of shields for the different types of radiation and machines will be provided in other standards. This Part deals with a design strategy for reducing the radiation flux by attenuation or screening.
This Part applies to machinery as defined by GB/T 15706.1. NOTE GB/T 26118.1 contains the general principles of risk assessment of radiation emission by machinery. Details of the measurement of the radiation emission are given in GB/T 26118.2.
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Document preview — GB/T 26118.3-2010
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
- ICS
- 13.110
- Classification
- J 09
Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China
Contents
- Foreword...3
- Introduction...5
- 1 Scope...6
- 2 Normative References...6
- 3 Terms and Definitions...7
- 4 Classification of Radiation...8
- 5 Procedure for Reducing Radiation Emission Levels by Design...8
- 6 Strategy for Design of Shield...9
- 6.1 Design Target...9
- 6.2 Characterization of All the Radiation Sources...9
- 6.3 Radiation Fields, Beam Geometry Access and Enclosure...10
- 6.4 Review Available of Attenuating Material...10
- 6.5 Assess of Environmental Conditions...11
- 6.6 Design Requirements...12
- 6.7 Manufacture Prototype...14
- 6.8 Determination of the Effectiveness of the Shielding...14
- 6.9 Compare with the Set Desired Levels and if Necessary, Modify Design...14
- 6.10 Prepare Documentation for Users...14
Foreword
GB/T 26118 Safety of Machinery - Assessment and Reduction of Risks Arising from Radiation
Emitted by Machinery consists of the following three parts:
---Part 1: General Principles;
---Part 2: Radiation Emission Measurement Procedure;
---Part 3: Reduction of Radiation by Attenuation or Screening.
This is Part 3 of GB/T 26118.
This Part was drafted in accordance with the rules provided in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This Part identically adopts the European Standard EN 12198-3:2002 Safety of Machinery -
Assessment and Reduction of Risks Arising from Radiation Emitted by Machinery - Part 3:
Reduction of Radiation by Attenuation or Screening (English version).
This Part identically translates EN 12198-3:2002. For ease of use, this Part makes the following
editorial modifications:
---"this Part" is used to replace "this European Standard";
---The EN Foreword is deleted, and the Foreword is re-written;
---In accordance with the requirements of GB/T 1.1-2009, the order of expression of the
clauses in the Scope is modified;
---The introduction of Normative References is modified in accordance with GB/T 1.1-
2009, and the standards cited in EN 12198-3:2002 are modified into the corresponding
national standards;
---"(see EN 292-1:1991, Appendix A)" is deleted from Chapter 4;
---"(European Economic Area: -40 °C in North, to +40 °C in South)" is deleted from 6.5;
---Appendix ZA is deleted.
This Part was proposed by and shall be under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee
208 on Mechanical Safety of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 208).
The drafting organizations of this Part: Rugao Packaging Food Machinery Co., Ltd.; Shenzhen
Center Testing International Group Co., Ltd.; China Machinery Productivity Promotion Center;
Optomechanical and Electrical Engineering Research Institute of Nanjing Forestry University.
1 Scope
The purpose of this Part of GB/T 26118 is to provide means to enable manufacturers of
machinery concerned by a radiation hazard to design and manufacture efficient safeguards
against radiations. Specific technical details of the design of shields for the different types of
radiation and machines will be provided in other standards.
This Part deals with a design strategy for reducing the radiation flux by attenuation or screening.
This Part applies to machinery as defined by GB/T 15706.1.
NOTE GB/T 26118.1 contains the general principles of risk assessment of radiation emission by
machinery. Details of the measurement of the radiation emission are given in GB/T
26118.2.
2 Normative References
The following documents are indispensable to the application of this document. In terms of
references with a specified date, only versions with a specified date are applicable to this
document. In terms of references without a specified date, the latest version (including all the
modifications) is applicable to this document.
GB/T 2900.60-2002 Electrotechnical Terminology - Electromagnetism (IEC 60050(121):1998,
EQV)
GB/T 2900.61-2008 Electrotechnical Terminology - Physics and Chemistry (IEC 60050-
(111):1996, MOD)
GB/T 4365-2003 Electrotechnical Terminology - Electromagnetic Compatibility (IEC
60050(161):1990, IDT)
GB/T 8196-2003 Safety of Machinery – Guards – General Requirements for the Design and
Construction of Fixed and Movable Guards (ISO 14120:2002, MOD)
GB/T 15706.1-2007 Safety of Machinery - Basic Concepts, General Principles for Design -
Part 1: Basic Terminology, Methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003, IDT)
GB/T 15706.2-2007 Safety of Machinery - Basic Concepts, General Principles for Design -
time for the source.
6.3 Radiation Fields, Beam Geometry Access and Enclosure
The manufacturers shall take account of the following considerations.
6.3.1 Radiation field or beam geometry
a) The field or beams size should be as small as possible considering such factors as the
area of the interaction between radiation and material and the uniformity needed
across that area.
b) The distance which the intended field or beam has to traverse should be minimized.
This will be after taking account of the divergence and any access required to the field.
6.3.2 Access to the irradiated area
Wherever possible the field or beam should be enclosed to prevent inadvertent access to levels
of radiation above the design target level.
As part of the routine maintenance or setting of a machine, it may be necessary to measure the
field or beam profiles or intensity. The position of beams may also need to be adjusted.
If there is a need for access to the field or beam then access points should be included during
the design stage.
The construction of access points shall not create leakage of radiation above the level specified
in the design targets.
6.3.3 Design of guards
Guards enclosing fields or beam may be required to exhibit attenuation properties or only
prevent access to the beam. If the guard is to be a shield then its design shall also follow the
steps listed in Chapter 5. If it is only to prevent human access then any openings shall be as
small as possible and comply with Table 3, 4 or 5 of GB 23821-2009 as appropriate.
Manufacturers should be aware that reflectors may be inserted accidentally even through small
openings. If it is possible to reflect significant proportions of the beam which would cause the
design target to be exceeded then the guard shall be without opening.
6.4 Review Available of Attenuating Material
6.4.1 The manufacturer shall review materials, considering factors such as absorbing,
attenuating and other properties.
In particular, consideration shall be given to the following properties:
---chemical composition;
......
......
This preview omits tables, figures, formulas and parts of the technical clauses. The complete document — 14 pages — is available in the English PDF.
Referenced standards
Normative references
- GB/T 4365-2003Electrotechnical terminology -- Electromagnetic compatibility
- GB/T 8196-2003Safety of machinery -- Guards -- General requirements for the design and construction of fixed and movable guards
- GB/T 15706.2-2007Safety of machinery -- Basic concepts, general principles for design -- Part 2: Technical principles
GB/T 2900.60-2002 · IEC 60050 · GB/T 2900.61-2008 · ISO 14120 · GB/T 15706.1-2007 · ISO 12100
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Related Standards
GB/T 15706.2-2007 — Safety of machinery -- Basic concepts, general principles for design -- Part 2: Technical principles
GB/T 4365-2003 — Electrotechnical terminology -- Electromagnetic compatibility
GB/T 26118.1-2010 — Safety of machinery -- Assessment and reduction of risks arising from radiation emitted by machinery -- Part 1: General principles
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GB/T 26118.3-2010
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