GB/T 25109.5-2026Enterprise resource planning - Part 5: Reference architecture for cloud services (English PDF)

7.2 Infrastructure

7.2.1 General Rules The infrastructure layer encapsulates the underlying computing, network, and storage resources to achieve a unified elastic operating environment for cloud services. One management component supports the automatic deployment, scaling, and management of managed applications, and should include micro-application management, service orchestration, elastic scaling, and security protection.

7.2.2 Micro-application management Micro-application management enables centralized governance of lightweight, independent small applications, featuring modular, independent operation, low coupling, and high efficiency. Features such as cohesion, agile iteration, and unified integration should include functions such as application registration, access control, resource scheduling, data isolation, and performance monitoring.

7.2.3 Service Orchestration Service orchestration enables dynamic service collaboration driven by business objectives, connecting disparate business services into a complete business process as needed. The technical system, characterized by visual configuration, loose coupling, real-time response, and cross-system integration, should include service registration and discovery, and a process engine. Features include driver implementation, exception handling mechanisms, execution monitoring, and dynamic adjustment.

7.2.4 Elastic Expansion Elastic scaling enables intelligent matching of resource supply and business load, featuring on-demand scaling, rapid response, cost optimization, and seamless switching. Features should include load monitoring, policy configuration, resource scheduling engine, and elastic billing.

7.2.5 Safety Protection Security protection can achieve multi-layered defense of physical environment, network architecture, data storage and access control, and has the characteristics of defense in depth and dynamic adaptation. With characteristics such as compliance and responsiveness, it should include functions such as physical security, network security, data security, access security, and application security.

7.3 Technology Platform

7.3.1 General Rules The technology platform supports the development, customization, operation, deployment, integration, and maintenance of enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems. It should include microservice governance, operations management, and basic... It includes basic services, development platform, and personalized customization functions, as shown in Figure 2.

7.3.2 Microservice Governance Microservice governance enables the independent packaging, deployment, upgrade, and scaling of microservices for cloud ERP businesses. It should include service registration, configuration center, and... Features such as link tracing.

a) Service Registration. Manages the registration and discovery of business microservices in the cloud ERP system, supporting microservice client-side load balancing or server-side load balancing. Load balancing.

b) Configuration Center. Performs full lifecycle management of program configuration information, enabling hierarchical, modular, and version-based management of configurations.

c) Transaction tracing. Real-time tracing and analysis of service call chains enables rapid identification of performance and fault issues in microservice clusters. diagnosis.

7.3.3 Operation and Maintenance Management Tools for system operation and maintenance management in a distributed cloud ERP deployment should include topology management, process updates, business monitoring, and data management. It has diagnostic and other functions.

7.3.4 Basic Services The basic services used to support the distributed cloud deployment of ERP should include message brokers, search engines, task scheduling, and distributed storage. Storage and other functions.

7.3.5 Development Platform Supporting the construction, assembly, operation, and expansion of ERP systems should include visual modeling, dynamic modeling, API services, and system development. Function.

7.3.6 Personalized Customization To enable the ERP system to respond quickly to customers' personalized needs, providing runtime and visual customization tailored to individual customer requirements. And operational support should include functions such as module customization, interface customization, process adaptation, and function expansion.

7.4 Data Platform

7.4.1 General Rules A data platform is an infrastructure centered on data to build intelligent services, providing intelligent service support for enterprise resource planning. The integration should include functions such as data governance, intelligent models, conversational UI, and knowledge graphs, as shown in Figure 3.

7.4.2 Data Governance Data governance enables the modeling and management of ERP system data, and should include data transformation, data analysis, data assets, and data management. Function.

7.4.3 Intelligent Model Intelligent models provide a framework for creating artificial intelligence models and should include model design, model training, model export, and model deployment. Function.

7.4.4 Conversational UI Conversational UI integrates natural language processing and knowledge graph technologies to provide conversational interactive services for ERP systems, enhancing the user experience. The verification should include functions such as semantic understanding, dialogue management, intent recognition, and question-and-answer matching.

7.4.5 Knowledge Graph To provide knowledge support for intelligent application scenarios such as risk control and equipment maintenance in ERP systems, it should include knowledge modeling, knowledge extraction, and knowledge fusion. Features include knowledge reasoning and other functionalities.

7.5 Business Platform

7.5.1 General Rules The business middle platform establishes a unified processing engine for similar business processes, which can evolve into different modular functions according to different scenarios. The business middle platform provides... The granularity of data acquisition can depend on the technology and design of the application, and should include, but is not limited to, image centers, archive centers, payment centers, and process centers. Contract center, etc., as shown in Figure 4.

7.5.2 Imaging Center The image center can integrate various business documents and possesses the capability to process and analyze various images, including image printing, image analysis, and invoice processing. Functions such as verification and rule checking.

7.5.3 Archives Center The archives center can archive various historical business data, such as financial data, contract data, project data, and technological upgrade data. This should include... It has functions such as case registration, file retrieval, file borrowing, and file destruction.

7.5.4 Payment Center The payment center provides two types of services. domestic settlement and cross-border settlement. It is also interconnected with external banks to process various payment applications and receipts. Payment collection services should include payments for procurement, equipment, services, office supplies, sales, procurement refunds, investment, and projects. Features such as...

7.5.5 Process Center A process center enables the modeling, execution, and monitoring of business processes, promoting standardization, automation, and collaboration. It should include process... Functions include design, process allocation, process control, and process analysis.

7.5.6 Contract Center The Contract Center provides services for various contracts in Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), including contract registration, payment planning, contract modification, and settlement control. Function.

7.6 Cloud Services

7.6.1 General Rules Cloud services can adopt a microservice architecture and cloud-native deployment, and have the capabilities of SaaS delivery, dynamic resource scaling, and real-time cross-regional collaboration. The capabilities should include, but are not limited to, cloud services for human resources, finance, assets, funds, marketing, after-sales, and projects. Cloud services, quality control cloud services, supply chain cloud services, and basic management cloud services.

7.6.2 Human Resources Cloud Services Human resources cloud services can manage the entire process of recruitment, promotion, and retirement, and should provide intelligent recruitment, personnel affairs, payroll management, etc. Services such as training and development, time management, competency assessment, and self-service platforms are shown in Figure 5.

7.6.3 Financial Cloud Services Financial cloud services enable the digitalization, automation, and intelligent management of the entire enterprise financial process, and should include financial shared services, tax management, and application processing. The system includes functional modules such as accounts receivable and payable, fixed assets, management accounting, financial accounting, and consolidated financial statements, as shown in Figure 6.

7.6.4 Asset Cloud Services Asset cloud services enable enterprises to manage assets such as real estate, equipment, and vehicles, and should include asset acquisition, asset information, asset changes, and asset management. The system includes functional modules for asset use, asset maintenance, asset repair, and asset disposal, as shown in Figure 7.

7.6.5 Cloud Funding Services Cloud-based financial services enable digital management and value optimization of a company's entire financial process, including financial planning, settlement, and foreign exchange management. It includes functions such as credit management, intranet banking, and credit financing, as shown in Figure 8.

7.6.6 Marketing Cloud Services Marketing cloud services enable omnichannel customer insights, precision marketing, and automated operations, and should include sales targets, marketing campaigns, and lead management. It includes functions such as management, personnel management, and bidding management, as shown in Figure 9.

7.6.7 Project Cloud Services Project cloud services enable digital collaboration and intelligent management throughout the entire project lifecycle, including project initiation, project cost, and project planning. It includes functions such as planning, project management, project completion, and project archives, as shown in Figure 10.

7.6.8 Quality Control Cloud Service Quality control cloud services enable enterprises to perform quality inspection and quality system management, and should include quality inspection, quality incidents, quality improvement, and quality management. It includes functions such as system, risk management, and knowledge management, as shown in Figure 11.

7.6.9 After-sales cloud service After-sales cloud services can improve customer service experience, optimize after-sales operational efficiency, and unlock the value of service data. These services should include work order management and spare parts inventory management. It includes functions such as component management, operation and maintenance management, customer service management, and social services, as shown in Figure 12.

7.6.10 Supply Chain Cloud Services Supply chain cloud enables end-to-end collaborative, visualized, and intelligent management, improving the resilience, efficiency, and transparency of the supply chain. It should include... Functions such as supply chain collaboration, production management, and customer collaboration are shown in Figure 13.

7.6.11 Basic Management Cloud Services Basic management cloud services enable enterprises to manage data across various business systems, including public infrastructure, financial infrastructure, and business infrastructure. The function is shown in Figure 14.