GB/T 22184-2025Cereals and pulses - Guidance on measurement of the temperature of grain stored in bulk (English PDF)

Foreword

This document complies with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Standardization Work Guidelines Part 1: Structure and Drafting Rules of Standardization Documents".

Drafting.

This document supersedes GB/T 22184-2008 "Guidelines for Temperature Determination of Bulk Grains and Legumes", and is consistent with GB/T 22184-2008.

Aside from structural adjustments and editorial changes, the main technical changes are as follows.

---The scope of this document has been changed (see Chapter 1, Chapter 1 of the 2008 edition);

---The terms and definitions for "short-term storage" and "grain storage temperature monitoring system" have been added (see 3.2 and 3.3), while the term and definition for "grain" have been removed.

(See 2.1 in the 2008 edition);

---Change "flat warehouse" to "room-style warehouse" in the entire text;

---Added content on short-term and long-term grain storage temperature monitoring systems (see 5.1);

---The temperature detector was replaced with a temperature sensing cable, and the corresponding content was changed (see 5.2, 4.1 of the 2008 version);

---The contents of the temperature display device have been changed (see 5.3, 4.2 in the 2008 version);

---Temperature detection functionality has been added (see 5.4);

---The layout of the temperature monitoring system has been modified (see 6.1.1.1~6.1.1.3, 5.1 in the 2008 version), adding details regarding the internal structure of short-term bulk grain storage piles.

(See 6.1.1.4);

---Added information on the layout of warehouse temperature and air temperature monitoring points (see 6.1.2);

---The detection steps have been modified (see 6.2, 5.2 in the 2008 version);

---Added system maintenance content (see 6.3);

---Changes have been made to the requirements regarding the format of temperature recording data and reports obtained using temperature measurement systems (see Chapter 7, 2008 edition).

Chapter 6).

This document is modified to adopt ISO 4112:2025, "Guideline for the determination of temperature of bulk grains and legumes".

This document has undergone significant structural adjustments compared to ISO 4112:2025.A comparison of the structural numbering changes between the two documents can be found here.

Appendix A.

The technical differences between this document and ISO 4112:2025, and the reasons therefor, are as follows.

---Added normative references to GB/T 29890 (see Chapter 3, 6.2.2.2, 6.2.4.1) and LS/T 1813 (see 5.2.3).

GB/T 26882.1 (see 5.2.4, 5.4, 6.1), GB/T 26882.2 (see 5.4, 6.1.2), LS/T 1217 (see 6.1.1.4), GB/T 26882.3 (see 6.2.1.1, 6.2.3, 7.1.2) and GB/T 26882.4 (see 6.2.1.2) are used to adapt to my country's technical conditions.

Improve operability;

---The definition of the term "temperature measurement system" has been changed, the term and definition of "short-term storage" have been added (see Chapter 3), and "grain" has been removed.

The terminology and definition of "warehouse" (see Chapter 3 of ISO 4112:2025) should be adapted to my country's technical conditions;

---Change "Apparatus and Systems" to "Temperature Measurement System" (see Chapter 5) to suit my country's technological conditions;

---Changed "flat warehouse" to "room-type warehouse", modified the room-type warehouse system equipment (see 5.1), and deleted the equipment (system) composition content (see Chapter 5 of ISO 4112:2025, to adapt to my country's technical conditions;

---Changed "temperature measuring cable (probe)" to "temperature measuring cable and temperature sensor", and added relevant content on room-type warehouses and shallow circular warehouses (see...).

5.2), to adapt to my country's technological conditions;

---The term "temperature measuring instrument" has been changed to "temperature display device," and the temperature display content has been modified (see 5.3) to adapt to my country's technical conditions;

---The term "temperature detection system" has been changed to "temperature detection," and the temperature detection performance and temperature measurement unit conditions have been modified (see 5.4) to adapt to...

my country's technological conditions;

---Added content related to thermometers (see 5.5) to correspond to the common domestic applications of warehouse temperature and external temperature detection;

---The "Temperature Measurement Procedure" has been changed to "Temperature Measurement System Arrangement and Testing Procedure" (see Chapter 6) to adapt to my country's technical conditions;

---The "Temperature Measurement Point Layout" was changed to "Grain Pile Temperature Monitoring Point Layout," which modified the temperature sensor layout, warehouse temperature, and air temperature measurement system.

The relevant content (see 6.1) has been revised, and the content on short-term grain storage temperature monitoring arrangements (see 6.1.1 of ISO 4112:2025) has been removed to adapt to my country's specific circumstances.

Technical conditions;

---Change "temperature reading" to "testing procedure" (see 6.2) to suit my country's technical conditions;

---Added content to the temperature detection software (see 6.2.1), changed "Reading Frequency" to "Detection Cycle", and modified the detection cycle.

The content (see 6.2.2) has been revised, and the content on the sorting of detection points (see 6.2.3) has been added to adapt to my country's technical conditions;

---The phrase "special requirements" has been changed to "special treatment," and relevant content for room-type warehouses and shallow round warehouses has been added (see 6.2.4) to adapt to my country's situation.

Technical conditions;

---The system preparation and maintenance work has been modified (see 6.3) to adapt to my country's technical conditions;

---The "Recording Requirements" section has been changed to "General Rules" (see 7.1), and the content of temperature recordings has been modified (see 7.1.2) to adapt to our country's technology.

condition;

---The temperature calibration content has been modified (see 7.2) to adapt to my country's technical conditions.

The following editorial changes have been made to this document.

---The URLs for the ISO and IEC terminology databases have been removed from the introduction to Chapter 3;

---The footnotes to clauses 3.1, 5.2, and 6.2.2 have been deleted;

---Note added in 6.2.4.3;

---The scale and index number descriptions for Figures C.1 and C.2 have been deleted.

Please note that some content in this document may involve patents. The issuing organization of this document assumes no responsibility for identifying patents.

This document was proposed by the National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration.

This document is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Standardization of Grain and Oil (SAC/TC270).

Introduction

Large quantities of bulk grain will generate heat due to biological and physiological activities during storage. This heat will accumulate within the grain pile to a certain extent.

Excessive temperature can lead to abnormally high grain temperatures, even causing grain deterioration and affecting its commercial value, processing quality, and edible quality. Timely inspection is necessary.

Monitoring changes in the temperature of stored grain is beneficial for taking timely measures to avoid and reduce problems, such as implementing ventilation and cooling measures to reduce temperature fluctuations.

Grain temperature.

The initial stage of heat generation in loosely stored grain is usually limited to a localized area of the grain pile, affecting only a small portion of the grain. If detection or handling is not timely, the heat can spread...

The heat will spread to other parts of the grain pile. The consequences of localized heating in the grain pile can be severe, reducing the value of the entire batch of grain, or even making it unusable.

For sale. To maintain grain quality and extend its safe storage time, it is necessary to install numerous temperature monitoring devices and corresponding systems in the bulk grain piles.

Temperature monitoring is crucial for timely detection of problems and the implementation of appropriate measures to ensure grain storage safety. Temperature monitoring of bulk grain piles is also essential for proper ventilation and low-temperature control during grain storage.

The necessary supporting measures for temperature control.

Guidelines for Temperature Measurement of Bulk Grains and Legumes

1 Scope

This document provides guidelines for measuring grain temperature during bulk storage in room-type warehouses, shallow round warehouses, vertical silos, and simple warehouses.

This document applies to temperature monitoring of bulk grain stored in room-type warehouses, shallow round warehouses, vertical silos, and simple warehouses.

2 Normative references

The contents of the following documents, through normative references within the text, constitute essential provisions of this document. Dated citations are not included.

For references to documents, only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies.

This document.

GB/T 26882.1 Grain and Oil Storage Grain Condition Monitoring and Control System Part 1: General Rules GB/T 26882.2 Grain and Oil Storage Grain Condition Monitoring and Control System - Part 2: Sub-units GB/T 26882.3 Grain and Oil Storage Grain Condition Monitoring and Control System - Part 3: Software GB/T 26882.4 Grain and Oil Storage Grain Condition Monitoring and Control System - Part 4: Information Exchange Interface Protocol GB/T 29890 Technical Specifications for Grain and Oil Storage LS/T 1217 Technical Specification for Simple Grain Storage LS/T 1813 Technical Requirements for Digital Temperature Measurement Cables for Grain Condition Monitoring and Control in Grain and Oil Storage

3 Terms and Definitions

The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 29890 and the following terms and definitions apply to this document.

Bulk storage

Large quantities of loose grains are stored in unpackaged piles.

Short-term storage

Grain storage with a storage period not exceeding 3 months.

Grain storage temperature detection system comprises temperature sensors, temperature measuring cables, temperature display devices, transmission interfaces, communication networks, and computers.

system.

4 Principles

A series of temperature detection and sensor materials are installed in the loose grain pile to detect or monitor the temperature of the grain pile and its changes.