Partners save 15% on every standard

Valid

GB/T 18329.1-2023Plain bearings - Metallic multilayer plain bearings - Part 1: Non-destructive ultrasonic testing of bond of thickness greater than or equal to 0.5 mm (English PDF)

Also coversGBT18329.1-2023

Open the GB/T 18329.1-2023 preview as PDF

Preview — first pages of GB/T 18329.1-2023

This is a limited preview

Buy now to download the full PDF

Issued by

SAMR; SAC

Level / Type

National · Recommended

Issue date

November 27, 2023

Implementation date

June 1, 2024

Scope

GB/T 18329.1-2023 (Plain bearings - Metallic multilayer plain bearings - Part 1: Non-destructive ultrasonic testing of bond of thickness greater than or equal to 0.5 mm) is available as an English-translated PDF.

GB/T 18329.1-2023 — This document specifies the method for the ultrasonic testing of the bond defects between the bearing alloy and the backing. This document is applicable to metallic multilayer plain bearings with a backing made of steel or copper-based materials and a lining made of lead or tin-based alloy, with a lining thickness of not less than 0.5 mm. If the backing is made of cast iron, then, this document is applicable under specific conditions. The method confirms the bond defects by determining the ultrasonic signals reflected from the bond between the bearing alloy and the backing. Due to the existence of uncertain echoes, it is impossible to perform ultrasonic testing in the area within half the range of the ultrasonic probe from the edges of the sliding surface, flange, mating surface, oil hole and oil groove, etc. This also applies to bearings with dovetail grooves on the bonding surfaces. This method is not suitable for the detection of bond defects in the edge area of the dovetail grooves. The bonding condition of the visible transition area (end surface or mating surface) between the bearing alloy and the backing is evaluated by the non-destructive penetration method described in GB/T 18329.3-2021. This document only describes the pulse echo detection method in detail. The ultrasonic testing method described in this document can only provide a qualitative evaluation of the bonding state and cannot obtain quantitative bonding strength. The difference in echoes from ultrasonic testing only exists between the bonding area and the bond defect. This document only describes in detail the pulse echo evaluation method when the probe is attached to the alloy side of the bearings. If the probe is attached to the backing side, then, the signal processing method is similar.

Document preview — GB/T 18329.1-2023

National Standard of the People's Republic of China

Issued by: SAMR; SAC

Foreword...3
Introduction...6
1 Scope...7
2 Normative References...7
3 Terms and Definitions...8
4 Symbols...8
5 Testing Equipment...8
6 Preparation...9
7 Detection Methods...9
8 Categories of Detection...14
9 Defect Grouping...14
10 Result Evaluation...15
11 Inspection Report...16
Appendix A (informative) Selection of Probes...18

Foreword

This document was drafted in accordance with the rules provided in GB/T 1.1-2020 Directives

for Standardization - Part 1: Rules for the Structure and Drafting of Standardizing Documents.

This document is Part 1 of GB/T 18329 Plain Bearings - Metallic Multilayer Plain Bearings.

GB/T 18329 has issued the following parts:

---Part 1: Non-destructive ultrasonic testing of bond of thickness greater than or equal to

0.5 mm;

---Part 2: Destructive testing of bond for bearing metal layer thicknesses greater than or

equal to 2 mm;

---Part 3: Non-destructive penetrant testing;

---Part 4: Non-destructive ultrasonic transmission testing of bond of thickness greater than

or equal to 0.3 mm.

This document serves as a replacement for GB/T 18329.1-2001 Plain Bearings - Non-

destructive Ultrasonic Testing of Bond for Metallic Multilayer Plain Bearings. In comparison

with GB/T 18329.1-2001, apart from structural adjustments and editorial modifications, the

main technical changes are as follows:

---The symbol of surface roughness is added (see Chapter 4);

---The requirements for ultrasonic detectors are modified (see 5.1; 4.1 of Version 2001);

---The requirements for probe selection are modified (see 5.2; 4.2 of Version 2001);

---The requirements for reference test block are added (see 5.3);

---The requirements for detection sensitivity are added (see 6.2);

---The detection methods are modified (see Chapter 7; Chapter 8 of Version 2001);

---The requirements for defect grouping are modified (see Chapter 9; Chapter 7 of Version

2001);

---The evaluation methods are modified (see Chapter 10; Chapter 9 of Version 2001).

This document modifies and adopts ISO 4386-1:2019 Plain Bearings - Metallic Multilayer

Plain Bearings - Part 1: Non-destructive Ultrasonic Testing of Bond of Thickness Greater than

or Equal to 0.5 mm.

In comparison with ISO 4386-1:2019, this document makes the following structural

adjustments:

Plain Bearings - Metallic Multilayer Plain Bearings - Part 1:

Non-destructive Ultrasonic Testing of Bond of Thickness

Greater than or Equal to 0.5 mm

1 Scope

This document specifies the method for the ultrasonic testing of the bond defects between the

bearing alloy and the backing.

This document is applicable to metallic multilayer plain bearings with a backing made of steel

or copper-based materials and a lining made of lead or tin-based alloy, with a lining thickness

of not less than 0.5 mm. If the backing is made of cast iron, then, this document is applicable

under specific conditions.

The method confirms the bond defects by determining the ultrasonic signals reflected from the

bond between the bearing alloy and the backing.

Due to the existence of uncertain echoes, it is impossible to perform ultrasonic testing in the

area within half the range of the ultrasonic probe from the edges of the sliding surface, flange,

mating surface, oil hole and oil groove, etc. This also applies to bearings with dovetail grooves

on the bonding surfaces. This method is not suitable for the detection of bond defects in the

edge area of the dovetail grooves.

The bonding condition of the visible transition area (end surface or mating surface) between

the bearing alloy and the backing is evaluated by the non-destructive penetration method

described in GB/T 18329.3-2021.

This document only describes the pulse echo detection method in detail. The ultrasonic testing

method described in this document can only provide a qualitative evaluation of the bonding

state and cannot obtain quantitative bonding strength. The difference in echoes from ultrasonic

testing only exists between the bonding area and the bond defect.

This document only describes in detail the pulse echo evaluation method when the probe is

attached to the alloy side of the bearings. If the probe is attached to the backing side, then, the

signal processing method is similar.

2 Normative References

The contents of the following documents constitute indispensable clauses of this document

through the normative references in the text. In terms of references with a specified date, only

versions with a specified date are applicable to this document. In terms of references without a

specified date, the latest version (including all the modifications) is applicable to this document.

......

......
This preview omits tables, figures, formulas and parts of the technical clauses. The complete document — all pages — is available in the English PDF.

Referenced standards

Cited by

How to Buy GB/T 18329.1-2023

1Add to cart. Click the "Buy GB/T 18329.1-2023" button on this page. You can add more standards before checkout.
2Checkout. Enter your email and billing details. Payment is processed securely by Stripe (cards, Apple Pay, Google Pay supported).
3Instant delivery (0–9 sec). Delivery is automatic: within seconds of payment you'll receive an email with a secure download link. The link stays valid for 72 hours.
4Invoice included. A tax invoice is attached to the confirmation email. Need a custom invoice? Contact us.