YS/T 575.23-2021Methods for chemical analysis of bauxite - Part 22: Determination of element content - X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (English PDF)
铝土矿石化学分析方法 第23部分：元素含量的测定 X射线荧光光谱法
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Issued by
Ministry of Industry and Information Technology
Level / Type
National · Recommended
Issue date
March 5, 2021
Implementation date
July 1, 2021
Scope
YS/T 575.23-2021 is the English-translated version of 铝土矿石化学分析方法 第23部分：元素含量的测定 X射线荧光光谱法.
YS/T 575.23-2021 — This document specifies the determination method of aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, total iron (expressed as Fe2O3), titanium dioxide, potassium oxide, sodium oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, phosphorus pentoxide, manganese oxide, sulfur, vanadium, gallium, zinc in bauxite.
This document is applicable to the determination of aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, total iron (expressed as Fe2O3), titanium dioxide, potassium oxide, sodium oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, phosphorus pentoxide, manganese oxide, sulfur, vanadium, gallium, zinc in bauxite. The determination range is as shown in Table 1.
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Document preview — YS/T 575.23-2021
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
- ICS
- 71.040.40
Issued by: Ministry of Industry and Information Technology
Contents
- Foreword...3
- Introduction...6
- 1 Scope...7
- 2 Normative references...7
- 3 Terms and definitions...8
- 4 Principle...8
- 5 Reagents or materials...8
- 6 Instruments and equipment...9
- 7 Samples...9
- 8 Test steps...9
- 9 Test data processing...12
- 10 Precision...12
- 11 Test report...14
Foreword
This document was drafted in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020
"Directives for standardization - Part 1.Rules for the structure and drafting of
standardizing documents".
This document is Part 23 of YS/T 575 "Methods for chemical analysis of bauxite". YS/T
575 has published the following parts.
- Part 1.Determination of aluminium oxide content EDTA titrimetric method;
- Part 2.Determination of silicon dioxide content - Gravimetric-molybdenum blue
photometric method;
- Part 3.Determination of silicon dioxide content molybdenum blue photometric
method;
- Part 4.Determination of iron oxide content - Dichromate titrimetric method;
- Part 5.Determination of iron oxide content - Orthophenanthroline photometric
method;
- Part 6.Determination of titanium dioxide content - Diantipyrylmethane
photometric method;
- Part 7.Determination of calcium oxide content - Flame atomic absorption
spectrophotometric method;
- Part 8.Determination of magnesium oxide content - Flame atomic absorption
spectrophotometric method;
- Part 9.Determination of potassium oxide and sodium oxide content - Flame atomic
absorption spectrophotometric method;
- Part 10.Determination of manganese oxide content - Flame atomic absorption
spectrophotometric method;
- Part 11.Determination of chromium oxide content - Flame atomic absorption
spectrophotometric method;
- Part 12.Determination of vanadium pentoxide content - N-benzoy-N-
phenylhydroxylamine photometric method;
- Part 13.Determination of zinc content flame - Atomic absorption
spectrophotometric method;
- Part 14.Determination the total content of rare earth oxide - Tribromo-arsenazo
photometric method;
- Part 15.Determination of gallium oxide content - Rhodamine B-extraction
photometric method;
- Part 16.Determination of phosphorus pentoxide content - Molybdenum blue
spectrophotometric method;
- Part 17.Determination of sulfur content - Direct combustion-iodometric method;
- Part 18.Determination of total carbon content - Non-aqueous titrimetric method
after combustion;
- Part 19.Determination of the loss on ignition Gravimetric method;
- Part 20.Preparation of pre-dried sample;
- Part 21.Determination of organic carbon content titrimetric method;
- Part 22.Determination of hydroscopic moisture on gravimetric method;
- Part 23.Determination of element contents - X-ray fluorescence spectrometric
method;
- Part 24.Determination of carbon content and sulfur content - Infrared absorption
method;
- Part 25.Determination of sulfur content - Coulometric titration method.
This document replaces YS/T 575.23-2009 "Methods for chemical analysis of bauxite
- Part 23.Determination of element contents - X-ray fluorescence spectrometry
method". Compared with YS/T 575.23-2009, in addition to structural adjustments and
editorial changes, the main technical changes are as follows.
a) MODIFY the measurement range of "Al2O3" content (see Chapter 1; Chapter 1 of
the 2009 edition);
b) MODIFY the measurement range of "S" content (see Chapter 1; Chapter 1 of the
2009 edition);
c) DELETE the "correction factor" of flux (see 3.1.2 of the 2009 edition);
d) ADD the pre-oxidant "lithium nitrate" (see 5.2.2);
e) MODIFY the "sample" (see Chapter 7; Chapter 5 of the 2009 edition);
f) MODIFY the "test material" (see 8.2; Chapter 6.2 of the 2009 edition);
g) ADD the "high temperature muffle furnace" (see 6.6);
h) ADD the detection method of "high sulfur content sample" (see 8.2.2);
i) MODIFY the test data processing (see Chapter 9; Chapter 7 of the 2009 edition);
j) ADD the "test report" (see Chapter 11).
Please note that some contents of this document may involve patents. The issuing
agency of this document does not assume the responsibility for identifying patents.
This document was proposed by AND shall be under the jurisdiction of the National
Technical Committee for Standardization of Nonferrous Metals (SAC/TC 243).
Drafting organizations of this document. Chinalco Zhengzhou Nonferrous Metals
Research Institute Co., Ltd., Kunming Metallurgical Research Institute Co., Ltd.,
Chinalco Mining Co., Ltd., Shandong Nanshan Aluminum Co., Ltd., Guangdong
Academy of Sciences Industrial Analysis and Testing Center, Shimadzu Enterprise
Management (China) Co., Ltd.
1 Scope
This document specifies the determination method of aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide,
total iron (expressed as Fe2O3), titanium dioxide, potassium oxide, sodium oxide,
calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, phosphorus pentoxide, manganese oxide, sulfur,
vanadium, gallium, zinc in bauxite.
This document is applicable to the determination of aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide,
total iron (expressed as Fe2O3), titanium dioxide, potassium oxide, sodium oxide,
calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, phosphorus pentoxide, manganese oxide, sulfur,
vanadium, gallium, zinc in bauxite. The determination range is as shown in Table 1.
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents constitute the essential provisions of this
document through normative references in the text. Among them, for dated references,
only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for undated
Composition Determination range % Composition
Determination range
references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB/T 8170 Rules of rounding off for numerical values and expression and
judgement of limiting values
YS/T 575.19 Methods for chemical analysis of bauxite - Part 19.Determination of
loss on ignition - Gravimetric method
3 Terms and definitions
There are no terms and definitions that need to be defined in this document.
4 Principle
The sample is melted with anhydrous lithium tetraborate and lithium metaborate mixed
flux. Ammonium nitrate solution or lithium nitrate is added as a pre-oxidant; a small
amount of saturated lithium bromide or ammonium iodide solution is added as a
demolding agent.
5 Reagents or materials
Unless otherwise specified, only reagents confirmed as analytically pure and distilled
or deionized water or water of relatively pure quality are used in the analysis.
5.1 Flux
5.2 Pre-oxidant
5.2.1 Ammonium nitrate solution (500 g/L).
5.2.2 Lithium nitrate.
5.3 Release agent
Lithium bromide saturated solution or ammonium iodide solution (300 g/L).
5.4 Monitoring sample
The monitoring sample shall be a stable glass piece containing all calibration elements;
its concentration shall make the statistical error of its counting rate less than or equal to
the statistical error of the counting rate of the calibration elements.
6 Instruments and equipment
6.1 Platinum-gold alloy crucible (95%Pt + 5%Au).
6.4 Wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. End window rhodium
target X-ray tube.
6.5 Oven. Controllable temperature 105 °C ± 5 °C.
6.6 High temperature muffle furnace. Temperature not less than 800 °C; controllable
temperature, temperature control accuracy ± 25 °C.
7 Samples
7.1 Burning sample. The sample is burned according to the requirements of YS/T
575.19 and placed in a dryer for use.
7.2 Drying sample. The sample particle size shall be less than 150 µm; it is pre-dried in
an oven (6.5) at 105 °C ± 25 °C for 2 h, placed in a dryer, cooled to room temperature
before use.
8 Test steps
8.1 Parallel test
Two tests are performed in parallel; the average value is taken.
8.2 Samples
8.2.1 Burning-based samples
According to the mass ratio of sample (7.1) to flux (5.1.1) of 1.8 ~ 1.10 (the
recommended sample weight is 0.5 g ~ 0.7 g), accurately weigh the flux (5.1.1) and
sample (7.1) in a platinum-gold alloy crucible (6.1), to an accuracy of 0.1 mg; stir
evenly; add 1 drop of release agent (5.3).
8.2.2 Dry-base test material
8.3 Preparation of measurement samples
8.3.1 Melting
Put the sample (8.2) into the melting machine, to melt it at 1070 °C ~ 1150 °C for 10
min ~ 15 min. During the melting process, rotate the crucible to allow the small molten
beads and samples adhering to the crucible wall to enter the melt. The melting machine
automatically shakes the crucible, at regular intervals to drive out bubbles and mix the
melt.
8.4 Determination
8.4.1 Measurement conditions
The measurement conditions depend on the equipment. Please refer to Appendix A to
set the working parameters.
8.4.2 Calibration
8.4.2.1 Selection of calibration samples. National standard substances can be selected
8.4.3 Measurement of unknown samples
Prepare national standard materials and unknown samples into standard material
samples and unknown samples, respectively, according to 8.2 ~ 8.3.Start the
quantitative analysis program, to measure the standard material samples.
9 Test data processing
According to the fluorescence X-ray intensity of the unknown sample, calculate the
mass concentration of each substance from the calibration curve.
10 Precision
10.1 Repeatability limit
The absolute difference between the two independent test results, as obtained under
repeatability conditions, shall not exceed the repeatability limit (r) within the range of
the average values given below; the case of exceeding the repeatability limit (r) shall
not exceed 5%. The repeatability limit (r) is obtained by linear interpolation or
extension method, according to the data in Table 2.
11 Test report
This Chapter specifies the contents of the test report. At least the following aspects shall
Composition Content %
YS/T 575.23-2021
YS
NONFERROUS MEAL INDUSTRY STANDARD
ICS 71.040.40
CCS H 30
Replacing YS/T 575.23-2009
Methods for chemical analysis of bauxite - Part 23.
Determination of element contents - X-ray fluorescence
spectrometry method
Issued on. MARCH 05, 2021
Implemented on. JULY 01, 2021
Issued by. Ministry of Industry and Information Technology
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
Introduction... 6
1 Scope... 7
2 Normative references... 7
3 Terms and definitions... 8
4 Principle... 8
5 Reagents or materials... 8
6 Instruments and equipment... 9
7 Samples... 9
8 Test steps... 9
9 Test data processing... 12
10 Precision... 12
11 Test report... 14
Appendix A (Informative) Operating parameters of X-ray fluorescence spectrometer
... 16
Foreword
This document was drafted in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020
"Directives for standardization - Part 1.Rules for the structure and drafting of
standardizing documents".
This document is Part 23 of YS/T 575 "Methods for chemical analysis of bauxite". YS/T
575 has published the following parts.
- Part 1.Determination of aluminium oxide content EDTA titrimetric method;
- Part 2.Determination of silicon dioxide content - Gravimetric-molybdenum blue
photometric method;
- Part 3.Determination of silicon dioxide content molybdenum blue photometric
method;
- Part 4.Determination of iron oxide content - Dichromate titrimetric method;
- Part 5.Determination of iron oxide content - Orthophenanthroline photometric
method;
- Part 6.Determination of titanium dioxide content - Diantipyrylmethane
photometric method;
- Part 7.Determination of calcium oxide content - Flame atomic absorption
spectrophotometric method;
- Part 8.Determination of magnesium oxide content - Flame atomic absorption
spectrophotometric method;
- Part 9.Determination of potassium oxide and sodium oxide content - Flame atomic
absorption spectrophotometric method;
- Part 10.Determination of manganese oxide content - Flame atomic absorption
spectrophotometric method;
- Part 11.Determination of chromium oxide content - Flame atomic absorption
spectrophotometric method;
- Part 12.Determination of vanadium pentoxide content - N-benzoy-N-
phenylhydroxylamine photometric method;
- Part 13.Determination of zinc content flame - Atomic absorption
spectrophotometric method;
- Part 14.Determination the total content of rare earth oxide - Tribromo-arsenazo
photometric method;
- Part 15.Determination of gallium oxide content - Rhodamine B-extraction
photometric method;
- Part 16.Determination of phosphorus pentoxide content - Molybdenum blue
spectrophotometric method;
- Part 17.Determination of sulfur content - Direct combustion-iodometric method;
- Part 18.Determination of total carbon content - Non-aqueous titrimetric method
after combustion;
- Part 19.Determination of the loss on ignition Gravimetric method;
- Part 20.Preparation of pre-dried sample;
- Part 21.Determination of organic carbon content titrimetric method;
- Part 22.Determination of hydroscopic moisture on gravimetric method;
- Part 23.Determination of element contents - X-ray fluorescence spectrometric
method;
- Part 24.Determination of carbon content and sulfur content - Infrared absorption
method;
- Part 25.Determination of sulfur content - Coulometric titration method.
This document replaces YS/T 575.23-2009 "Methods for chemical analysis of bauxite
- Part 23.Determination of element contents - X-ray fluorescence spectrometry
method". Compared with YS/T 575.23-2009, in addition to structural adjustments and
editorial changes, the main technical changes are as follows.
a) MODIFY the measurement range of "Al2O3" content (see Chapter 1; Chapter 1 of
the 2009 edition);
b) MODIFY the measurement range of "S" content (see Chapter 1; Chapter 1 of the
2009 edition);
c) DELETE the "correction factor" of flux (see 3.1.2 of the 2009 edition);
d) ADD the pre-oxidant "lithium nitrate" (see 5.2.2);
e) MODIFY the "sample" (see Chapter 7; Chapter 5 of the 2009 edition);
f) MODIFY the "test material" (see 8.2; Chapter 6.2 of the 2009 edition);
g) ADD the "high temperature muffle furnace" (see 6.6);
h) ADD the detection method of "high sulfur content sample" (see 8.2.2);
i) MODIFY the test data processing (see Chapter 9; Chapter 7 of the 2009 edition);
j) ADD the "test report" (see Chapter 11).
Please note that some contents of this document may involve patents. The issuing
agency of this document does not assume the responsibility for identifying patents.
This document was proposed by AND shall be under the jurisdiction of the National
Technical Committee for Standardization of Nonferrous Metals (SAC/TC 243).
Drafting organizations of this document. Chinalco Zhengzhou Nonferrous Metals
Research Institute Co., Ltd., Kunming Metallurgical Research Institute Co., Ltd.,
Chinalco Mining Co., Ltd., Shandong Nanshan Aluminum Co., Ltd., Guangdong
Academy of Sciences Industrial Analysis and Testing Center, Shimadzu Enterprise
Management (China) Co., Ltd.
1 Scope
This document specifies the determination method of aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide,
total iron (expressed as Fe2O3), titanium dioxide, potassium oxide, sodium oxide,
calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, phosphorus pentoxide, manganese oxide, sulfur,
vanadium, gallium, zinc in bauxite.
This document is applicable to the determination of aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide,
total iron (expressed as Fe2O3), titanium dioxide, potassium oxide, sodium oxide,
calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, phosphorus pentoxide, manganese oxide, sulfur,
vanadium, gallium, zinc in bauxite. The determination range is as shown in Table 1.
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents constitute the essential provisions of this
document through normative references in the text. Among them, for dated references,
only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for undated
Composition Determination range % Composition
Determination range
references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB/T 8170 Rules of rounding off for numerical values and expression and
judgement of limiting values
YS/T 575.19 Methods for chemical analysis of bauxite - Part 19.Determination of
loss on ignition - Gravimetric method
3 Terms and definitions
There are no terms and definitions that need to be defined in this document.
4 Principle
The sample is melted with anhydrous lithium tetraborate and lithium metaborate mixed
flux. Ammonium nitrate solution or lithium nitrate is added as a pre-oxidant; a small
amount of saturated lithium bromide or ammonium iodide solution is added as a
demolding agent.
5 Reagents or materials
Unless otherwise specified, only reagents confirmed as analytically pure and distilled
or deionized water or water of relatively pure quality are used in the analysis.
5.1 Flux
5.2 Pre-oxidant
5.2.1 Ammonium nitrate solution (500 g/L).
5.2.2 Lithium nitrate.
5.3 Release agent
Lithium bromide saturated solution or ammonium iodide solution (300 g/L).
5.4 Monitoring sample
The monitoring sample shall be a stable glass piece containing all calibration elements;
its concentration shall make the statistical error of its counting rate less than or equal to
the statistical error of the counting rate of the calibration elements.
6 Instruments and equipment
6.1 Platinum-gold alloy crucible (95%Pt + 5%Au).
6.4 Wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. End window rhodium
target X-ray tube.
6.5 Oven. Controllable temperature 105 °C ± 5 °C.
6.6 High temperature muffle furnace. Temperature not less than 800 °C; controllable
temperature, temperature control accuracy ± 25 °C.
7 Samples
7.1 Burning sample. The sample is burned according to the requirements of YS/T
575.19 and placed in a dryer for use.
7.2 Drying sample. The sample particle size shall be less than 150 µm; it is pre-dried in
an oven (6.5) at 105 °C ± 25 °C for 2 h, placed in a dryer, cooled to room temperature
before use.
8 Test steps
8.1 Parallel test
Two tests are performed in parallel; the average value is taken.
8.2 Samples
8.2.1 Burning-based samples
According to the mass ratio of sample (7.1) to flux (5.1.1) of 1.8 ~ 1.10 (the
recommended sample weight is 0.5 g ~ 0.7 g), accurately weigh the flux (5.1.1) and
sample (7.1) in a platinum-gold alloy crucible (6.1), to an accuracy of 0.1 mg; stir
evenly; add 1 drop of release agent (5.3).
8.2.2 Dry-base test material
8.3 Preparation of measurement samples
8.3.1 Melting
Put the sample (8.2) into the melting machine, to melt it at 1070 °C ~ 1150 °C for 10
min ~ 15 min. During the melting process, rotate the crucible to allow the small molten
beads and samples adhering to the crucible wall to enter the melt. The melting machine
automatically shakes the crucible, at regular intervals to drive out bubbles and mix the
melt.
8.4 Determination
8.4.1 Measurement conditions
The measurement conditions depend on the equipment. Please refer to Appendix A to
set the working parameters.
8.4.2 Calibration
8.4.2.1 Selection of calibration samples. National standard substances can be selected
8.4.3 Measurement of unknown samples
Prepare national standard materials and unknown samples into standard material
samples and unknown samples, respectively, according to 8.2 ~ 8.3.Start the
quantitative analysis program, to measure the standard material samples.
9 Test data processing
According to the fluorescence X-ray intensity of the unknown sample, calculate the
mass concentration of each substance from the calibration curve.
10 Precision
10.1 Repeatability limit
The absolute difference between the two independent test results, as obtained under
repeatability conditions, shall not exceed the repeatability limit (r) within the range of
the average values given below; the case of exceeding the repeatability limit (r) shall
not exceed 5%. The repeatability limit (r) is obtained by linear interpolation or
extension method, according to the data in Table 2.
11 Test report
This Chapter specifies the contents of the test report. At least the following aspects shall
Composition Content %
......
......
This preview omits tables, figures, formulas and parts of the technical clauses. The complete document — 14 pages — is available in the English PDF.
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Related Standards
GB/T 8170-2008 — Rules of rounding off for numerical values & expression and judgement of limiting values
YS/T 575.1-2007 — Methods for chemical analysis of bauxite - Part 1: Determination of aluminium oxide content - EDTA titrimetric method
YS/T 575.1-2026 — Chemical analysis methods of bauxite ores - Part 1: Determination of aluminium oxide content - EDTA titration method
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