WS/T 499-2017Performance guideline for bacterial culture of lower respiratory tract infections (English PDF)

Foreword

This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.

This standard was drafted. National Health and Family Planning Commission Clinical Laboratory Center, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Beijing Hospital, Peking University People's Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing Union Medical College Hospital, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Friendship Hospital, PLA General Hospital Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University Affiliated Second Hospital.

Introduction

Changes of colonization flora of oropharyngeal the human oropharynx colonies a large number of aerobic bacteria, facultative anaerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria and other microorganisms, the total number of oral flora up to 1010CFU /mL to 1012 CFU/mL. Healthy people pharyngeal colonization bacteria at least, the pharyngeal aerobic normal flora mainly composed of gram-positive bacteria. Human body base Changes in the basic conditions will change the type and number of pharyngeal colonization flora. Long-term exposure to certain people carrying invasive colonization bacteria, such as day-care children of parents of S. pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae colonization will increase the number; in immunosuppression, chronic lung disease, broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment or hospitalization Patients and other groups, Gram-negative bacilli significantly increased the advantages.

1 Scope

This standard specifies the routine bacterial culture of lower respiratory tract infection guidelines.

This standard applies to medical institutions microbial laboratory.

2 Normative references

The following documents for the application of this document is essential. For dated references, only the dated version applies to this article Pieces. For undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies to this document.

WS/T 503 clinical microbiology laboratory blood culture practices

3 Terms and definitions

The following terms and definitions apply to this document.

Cushman Spiral Fiber Curschmann'sspiralfibers Cushman spiral fiber was spiral, is a small bronchial mucus secretion of chronic inflammation, due to dyspnea, increased pulmonary carbon dioxide tension High and solidified, at the same time as a result of intermittent breathing wheezing rotating scroll made. After Gram stain, the caterpillar can be seen under the microscope Curly shape, the central axis of blue dye, the edge was pale red.

Charcot-Leyden Crystals can be found in the bronchial, rhomboid or acicular hexagonal colorless and transparent crystals, both ends of the long, ranging in size, strong refraction, from eosinophilic Cells after eosinophilic granulocytes fused together, available iodine staining. Eosinophilic hematopoiesis can be found in sputum placed slightly. The song on the smoke it is common in sputum in patients with allergic asthma or in patients with parasitic lung infections.

Ciliated columnar epithelial cells ciliatedcolumnarepitheliumcel Mainly distributed in the lower respiratory tract inner surface of the free surface of the columnar cells with a swinging cilia, is able to secrete mucus goblet cells, Secreted mucus can adhere and remove dust and bacteria and other foreign matter, with the ciliary rhythmic swing, the mucus with dust, bacteria are excluded to the throat.

Pulmonary macrophages Differentiated from the mononuclear cells, widely distributed in the lung interstitial, below the respiratory bronchioles in the pipe and alveolar septa are more, Swim into the alveolar cavity of the lung macrophages, called alveolar macrophages. Phagocytosis, immune and secretion of lung macrophages are very active, there Important defense function. Inhalation of dust particles in the air, bacteria and other foreign matter into the alveoli and lung interstitial, mostly swallowed by macrophages cleared, and some from the lung Bubble through the respiratory mucus flow and ciliary movement was cough.