SN/T 1274-2020Quarantine and Identification Methods of Phaseolus vulgaris (English PDF)

Foreword

This document was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2020.

This document replaces SN/T 1274-2003 "Methods of Quarantine and Identification of Phaseolus vulgaris".

Compared with SN/T 1274-2003, the main technical changes of this document are as follows except for editorial changes.

--The identification characteristics of Leguminosae and Tridentate genus have been added;

--Added basic information content;

-Added Appendix A, Appendix B and Appendix C;

--Delete the table of contents;

- Delete some instruments and reagents;

- Deleted on-site and indoor inspections.

This document was proposed and managed by the General Administration of Customs of the People's Republic of China.

Drafting organizations of this document. Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Changchun Customs of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou of the People's Republic of China customs.

Drafters of this document. Zhang Junhua, Wei Chunyan, Qi Hushan, Chen Naizhong, Yu Yanxue, Zhou Ping.

The previous versions of the documents replaced by this document are as follows.

- SN/T 1274-2003.

Quarantine and Identification Methods of Phaseolus vulgaris

1 Scope

This document stipulates the basic information, identification methods, equipment and methods of Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say) in plant quarantine.

Reagents, testing, laboratory identification, as well as the method of result determination and specimen preservation.

This document is applicable to the quarantine and identification of Phaseolus vulgaris in plant quarantine.

2 Normative references

There are no normative references in this document.

3 Terms and definitions

The following terms and definitions apply to this document.

Larval lower lip larval labium the lower lip of the bean weevil larva is a sheet-like structure at the bottom of the mouthparts, which is slightly triangular, concave on both sides, and the posterior edge is convex.

Asian chin composition. The chin has a shield-shaped bone plate called the lower lip plate. The front of the lower lip plate is divided into two parts. The sub-chin is long, and there are some sub-chin bones.

The type is not obvious, and some types are broken in the middle, and some types of submental bone fragments are intact.

Male antagonist side process arameres it is part of the male genitalia. Located on the back of the penis, it is made up of two leaves and is spoon-shaped with enlarged ends. In different classes in clusters, some of the two male base scoliosis are separated at the base, some are partially healed, and some are almost completely healed.

Male phallus, endophallus and its sclerites phallus, endophallus and its sclerites the penis is a component of the male external genitalia. It is located on the ventral surface of the male base side. It is rod-shaped, and the base is enlarged and sac-shaped (called cyst Area), the end is petal-shaped (called the outer penis petal). The penis is divided into outer penis and inner penis. The outer phallus is the outer part of the phallus, the inner phallus the stem is membranous, lining the outer penis. There are a large number of ossified spines on the inner phallus, arranged in a certain pattern, with species specificity, for One of the important basis for the identification of leguminous insect species.

4 Basic information

The basic information of Phaseolus vulgaris is as follows.

5 Identification method

Bean weevil that harms edible beans, mainly in the genus Bruchus, Callosobruchus, and Tridentia Acanthoscelides, Caryedon and Zabrotes, which have the same host as the common bean the genus Leptophyllum, Leptophyllum genus and Leptospira genus, and the genus of Leptophyllum is only one species in the genus that has important economic significance. Three tooth beans Based on the comparison of the morphology between the genus and other genus and the inter-species of the genus Tridentia, the identification characteristics of the genus Bean Weevil are determined by stereo visualization.

According to microscopic observation, the external morphological characteristics of adults are the main basis for the identification of this standard. When the larvae are obtained, they are raised until the adults, and then Do further identification.

6 Equipment and reagents

7 Detection

All small beans carried by the ship's food warehouses and passengers and internationally mailed or delivered as samples shall be inspected. For goods the appearance of the packaging, the bedding materials, the sides of the car, ship, container, the sides, corners, and gaps of the bag, use the naked eye to see if there are any beans Like live adults or dead adults. Check whether there are larvae bore holes on the beans on the sieve, and whether there are "small windows" or emergence holes.

8 Laboratory identification

9 Results judgment

Taking 8.4.1 as the main basis, 8.4.2, 8.4.3, 8.4.4 and appendices can be used as reference, and those that conform to 8.4.1 are judged as common bean weeds.

10 Specimen preservation

Keep the kidney bean weevil and the important damage specimens properly. The larvae and pupae should be preserved in the larvae preservation solution. For molecular testing, use the larvae preservation solution.

Soaked in absolute ethanol, the adult worms are made into needle specimens. Record the name, source, interception time, location, personnel and other relevant information of the pest, the general shelf life is at least 6 months.

Appendix A

(Informative)

Basic Information of Bean Elephant A.1 Geographical distribution Asia. North Korea, Japan, Myanmar, Vietnam, Thailand, Afghanistan, Turkey, Malaysia, India, Israel, Iraq Croatia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan;

Europe. Russia, Poland, Hungary, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Netherlands, Belgium, United Kingdom, France, Spain Portugal, Italy, the former Yugoslavia, Romania, Albania, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Luxemburg Fort, Greece;

Africa. Nigeria, Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda, Burundi, Congo, Angola, Togo, Egypt, Malaysia Ravi, Mauritius, Rwanda, Zambia, Tanzania, Senegal, Zimbabwe, Morocco, Lesotho, South Africa;

Oceania. Australia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea;

North America. Canada, the United States, Mexico, Honduras, Belize, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Guade Rope (France), El Salvador, Guatemala, Nicaragua;

South America. Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Venezuela.

A.2 Host plant

A.3 Biological characteristics at an average temperature above 15°C, overwintering larvae begin to pupate and emerge as adults. The adults can mate within a few minutes or hours after they emerge.

It occurs 7 generations per year under natural indoor conditions in Wanding. The spawning period is 5 days in summer and 39 days in winter. Early summer adults can fly out of the warehouse, Feed nectar in the field. The eggs lay in the cracks of the dry pods, and the eggs lay between the beans in the warehouse. Adults that feed in the field do not feed in the barn the adults lay more eggs. The eggs hatch into larvae a few days later, biting through the seed coat and entering the seed. Old mature larvae eat away from the inside of the seed to the outer skin, and Moth an eclosion hole. After emergence, the adult larva stays still in the bean for 1 to 3 d, and crawls out with the emergence hole on the top of the head and forefoot. At 75% humidity, at 26°C, the egg stage is 8.4 days, the larval stage is 18.6 days, and the pupal stage is 9 days.

A.4 Means of transmission Phaseolus vulgaris is a dangerous pest that harms many types of Phaseolus vulgaris and other edible beans, and causes serious harm to stored beans. Eggs, larvae, both pupae and adults can be carried. Phaseolus vulgaris is easy to spread widely with the host, mainly through trade, introduction and transportation with the help of infested beans.

Transmission tools, etc.

A.5 Hazard characteristics the eggs laid by adults have no sticky substance and cannot adhere to the seed coat, but are scattered among the bean grains; the larvae hatched from the eggs crawl around to find a suitable injection point. After boring into the seed, a circular boring hole with a diameter of 0.13 mm~0.24 mm is left on the surface of the seed.

The larvae are 4 instars and all eat in the seeds. Before pupation, the mature larva runs under the seed coat to make a small round translucent window.

And bite around the small window into a circular feather hole cover. When adults emerge, open the emergence hole cover to leave the bean, leaving a round feather 化孔.

Appendix B

(Informative)

Key to the subfamily Bruchinae

1 The pronotum and dorsal plate are horizontal, the lateral edge is recessed near the middle, and there is an dentition in the front; there is an dentition on the outer edge of the ventral surface of the hind leg;

There is an odontoid or lamellar process at the end of the tibia of the foot; (male)The external genital sac is only densely covered with microhairs, without ossification plate...