QC/T 990-2014Zinc-air batteries for electric vehicles (English PDF)

3.1 Zinc-air battery

a device which transforms chemical energy into electric energy using the oxygen in the air as positive active material, zinc metal as negative active material and alkaline solution as electrolyte.

5.1 Cell

5.1.1 Appearance

Carry out inspection in accordance with 6.2.1. The appearance of battery shall be clean, intact without deformation, rust, crack or alkali liquor. Marking shall be clear, correct.

5.1.2 Polarity marking

Carry out inspection in accordance with 6.2.2. Marking for the polarities of battery terminals shall be correct.

5.1.3 Shape, dimensions and mass

Carry out inspection in accordance with 6.2.3. The shape, dimensions and mass of battery shall meet the specifications of the products supplied by the manufacturer.

5.1.4 Tilting

Carry out inspection in accordance with 6.2.4. Battery shall have no leakage.

5.1.5 Discharge performance

Carry out inspection in accordance with 6.2.5. When using I5 to discharge, the mean value of discharge capacity shall not be less than 95% of nominal capacity; when using I3 to discharge, the mean value of discharge capacity shall not be less than 65% of rated capacity.

5.1.6 Low-temperature performance

Carry out inspection in accordance with 6.2.6. When battery is subjected to the test under specified conditions, the discharge capacity of battery shall not be less than 60% of the initial rated capacity; the terminals and appearance shall be intact.

5.1.7 High-temperature performance

Carry out inspection in accordance with 6.2.7. When battery is subjected to the test under specified conditions, the discharge capacity of battery shall not be less than 80% of the initial rated capacity; the terminals and appearance shall be intact.

5.1.8 Charge retention

Carry out inspection in accordance with 6.3.5, battery shall not have leakage.

5.2.5 Discharge performance

Carry out inspection in accordance with 6.3.6. When using I5 to discharge, the discharge capacity shall not be less than 90% of nominal capacity; when using I3 to discharge, the discharge capacity shall not be less than 60% of rated capacity.

5.2.6 Safety and reliability

5.2.6.1 When short-circuit test is carried out in accordance with 6.3.7.1, there shall be no explosion or fire.

5.2.6.2 When squeeze test is carried out in accordance with 6.3.7.2, there shall be no explosion or fire.

5.2.6.3 When drop test is carried out in accordance with 6.3.7.3, there shall be no explosion or fire.

5.2.6.4 When heating test is carried out in accordance with 6.3.7.4, there shall be no explosion or fire.

5.2.6.5 When overdischarge test is carried out in accordance with 6.3.7.5, there shall be no explosion, fire or leakage.

5.2.6.6 When inspection is carried out in accordance with 6.3.7.6, product shall have necessary vibration resistance capacity. When subjected to the test under specified conditions, its discharge voltage shall be free from abnormalities and without mechanical damage, leakage, fire and explosion.

6.1 Test conditions

6.1.1 Environmental conditions

Unless specified otherwise, the test shall be carried out under the following environmental conditions.

a) test temperature 25°C ± 2°C.

b) relative humidity. 25% ~ 85%.

c) atmospheric pressure. 86 kPa ~ 106 kPa.

6.2.2 Polarity

Use a voltmeter to measure the terminal voltage of battery to be tested to determine whether it conforms to the marking of terminal polarity.

6.2.3 Shape, dimensions and mass

6.2.3.1 Use a general-purpose or special-purpose measuring tool to measure the external dimensions of cells.

6.2.3.2 Use a general-purpose or special-purpose to weigh the mass of cells.

6.2.4 Tilting

Tilt cells to be tested 90° along the horizontal direction (X direction) from the height direction (Y direction); maintain it for 30 s; carry out visual inspection.

6.2.5 Discharge performance test

At 25°C ± 2°C.

a) cells discharge at I5 until final voltage is 0.8 V. measure their discharge time, calculate discharge capacity C5, replace negative electrode and electrolyte, repeat testing for 3 times and calculate the mean value of discharge capacity;

b) cells discharge at I3 until final voltage is 0.8 V. measure their discharge time, calculate discharge capacity C3, replace negative electrode and electrolyte, repeat testing for 3 times and calculate the mean value of discharge capacity.

6.2.6 Low-temperature test

Place the cell samples to be tested in a test chamber for 12 h at - 20°C ± 2°C; discharge at I5 until final voltage is 0.6 V. Measure their discharge time, calculate their discharge capacity and carry out visual inspection for the appearance of battery and the terminals of two poles.

6.2.7 High-temperature test

Place cell samples to be tested in a test chamber for 4 h at 55°C ± 2°C; discharge at I5 until final voltage is 0.8 V. […]