LY/T 3087-2019Technical regulations for cultivation seedling of Machilus thunbergii (English PDF)

3.1 Selection of mother tree

The selection of the mother tree should choose a good middle-aged forest with good growth conditions, straight stem shape, beautiful crown type, and no pests.

3.2 Seeding time

Collected from mid-June to early July when seeds become brown.

3.3 Real modulations

Put the collected fruits in a cool place and pile them for 2 d to 3 d. After repeated rubbing, wash the outer peel, pulp and other debris with water and place Dry the surface moisture in a well-ventilated place.

3.4 Seed Inspection and Quality Classification

3.4.1 Seed Inspection

Refer to GB 2772 for implementation.

3.4.2 Seed Quality Classification

Seeds are divided into three levels according to the germination rate, purity, and water content indexes. See Table 1 for quality classification indexes.

Table 1 Quality classification of Phoebe bournei seeds

Seed level I level II level III level Clarity (%) > 98 > 95 > 90 Germination rate (%) > 90 > 80 > 70 Water content (%) 40 ~ 46 40 ~ 46 40 ~ 46

3.5 Seed storage

Seeds should be harvested and planted. If the seed cannot be sown immediately, the seeds should be stored in sand at room temperature in time, the seed-sand ratio is about 1. 3, and the seeds are water-containing.

The amount should be kept above 40%. The humidity of the fine sand is determined by the storage time. When it is stored for more than 20 days, the humidity of the fine sand is the degree of wetness.

When stored for less than 20 days, the humidity can be appropriately increased.

4.1 Nude root seedlings

4.1.1 Nursery land selection

The nursery ground should be dry land with moist, fertile soil, close to water sources, better shade conditions, forest climate and convenient transportation.

Not suitable for continuous cropping.

4.1.2 Bed preparation

Combined with ploughing and whole raking, 750 kg of fully-fermented organic fertilizer and 300 kg to 450 kg of compound fertilizer were sprinkled per hectare. Make bed the soil mass is broken into pieces. The bed width is 1 m, the bed height is 25 cm to 30 cm, and the trail width is 25 cm. versus the bed width is parallel to a seeding ditch of 2 cm to 3 cm deep with a row spacing of 25 cm.

4.1.3 Live Seedling

4.1.3.1 Seed germination

After the ground is leveled, a shading net with a shading degree of more than 70% is laid on it, and sand with a thickness of 10 cm to 15 cm is laid on the net to make about 1 m.

Wide germination bed. Spread the seeds evenly on the germination bed, cover with 2 to 3 cm thick sand, and wet the bed to keep it moist.

4.1.3.2 Sowing time

Mid-June to late July.

4.1.3.3 Seeding volume

The appropriate seeding rate is (130 kg to 170 kg)/hm2.

4.1.3.4 Seeding

Broadcast. Seeds that were exposed after germination were sown into the sowing ditch with a row spacing of 6 cm to 8 cm and covered with a fine yellow heart soil with a thickness of 1 cm to 2 cm.

After covering the soil, cover the planting ditch or planting bed with straw or other crop stalks. Then the seedbed is watered in 2 to 3 times.

4.1.3.5 Remove Cover

After the seed germination seedlings are unearthed, the cover should be removed in time and placed in the rows of seedlings.

4.1.4 Seedling transplanting

4.1.4.1 Preparation of transplant bed

3 d to 5 d before transplanting, prepare the bed and make the bed flat, and lay 2 cm to 3 cm thick yellow heart soil on the bed, and cover it with an agricultural film.

1 to 2 days before transplanting, water the seedbed once.

4.1.4.2 Setting up a canopy

Before transplanting the sprouts, set up a shade shelter with a light transmittance of 60% to 70% in time, and the height of the shade shelter is 1.5 m to 1.8 m.

4.1.4.3 Sprout cutting and transplanting

After the sprouts unfolded the first true leaf on the germination bed, the sprouts were gently pulled up, 1/3 of the main root was cut off, and the yellow mud was covered. Seedling transplanting line the distance is about 25cm, and the plant distance is 6cm ~ 8cm. When planting seedlings, roots must be reached and the seedlings must be firm.

4.1.4.4 Bed Cover

After transplanting, it is better to cover the straw or sprinkle the husk between the rows, and it is better not to see the soil.

4.1.4.5 Watering

On the day of transplantation, spray water with spray nozzles 2 to 3 times; within 15 days after transplanting, spray water sprays 2 to 3 times a day to increase air Humidity; after the new roots grow, water them in a timely manner according to the requirements of field seedlings.

4.1.5 Seedling management

4.1.5.1 Migration

Transplanted the following spring. The transplanted plant spacing is 8 cm to 10 cm, and the row spacing is 25 cm to 30 cm.

4.1.5.2 Water and fertilizer management

In May of the year of transplantation, the fertilizer was topdressed once, and 0.2% urea was sprayed. After early October, watering should be controlled.

4.1.5.3 Weeding

Use manual weeding.

4.1.5.4 Pest and disease control

For pest control methods, refer to Appendix E in GB 6001.

4.2 Container Nursery

4.2.1 Seedbed establishment

The specifications of nursery beds are the same as 4.1.2.

4.2.2 Matrix selection and formulation

The following three types of nursery substrates can be selected according to local conditions.

a) Phosphate fertilizer and plant ash are added to yellow heart soil with a mass ratio of 98. 1. 1;

b) direct use of woodland humus;

c) Based on the bark, sawdust, straw, chaff and other agricultural and forestry wastes that have been fully decomposed and used as substrates, the volume ratio of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus to the yellow heart soil is calculated by volume.

65.30.5 is formulated into a light matrix.

4.2.3 Container bag selection and specifications

8 cm × 8 cm nutrition cups are suitable for containers with a substrate of yellow heart soil and humus; 6 cm × 8 cm containers with a light substrate Non-woven mesh bag is suitable.

4.2.4 Sprout transplantation

Sprout the shoots to a height of 1.5 cm to 2 cm above the ground, cut off 1/3 of the root length, and transplant them to a container filled with substrate in. Refer to 4.1.4.3 for transplanting method.

4.2.5 Watering

Refer to 4.1.4.5.

4.2.6 Fertilization

In the year of breeding, no fertilization is required. When the spring seedlings started to grow in the following spring, 0.2% urea was sprayed in multiple times in a timely manner. Not suitable for use after the end of August Nitrogen fertilizer.

4.2.7 Pest and disease control

Refer to 4.1.5.4.

4.2.8 Container movement

After the peak period of seedling growth is over, the container bag is moved to a different position, and the root system that is tied into the seedbed is cut with a branch shear.

5.1 Seedling investigation

In late November of the year of the transplantation, the top buds of the seedlings were investigated after investigation. The investigation method was implemented with reference to GB 6000.

5.2 Seedling classification

See Table 2 for quality classification indexes of Phoebe bournei seedlings.

Table 2 Quality classification table of Phoebe bournei seedlings

Seedling types

Seedling index

Seedling age

Miao Gao

Ground diameter

Root length

> 5cm length I side number (root) Comprehensive control indicators Naked root seedlings Live seedlings I level 2-0 > 40 > 0.5 > 25 4 ~ 6 Miao stem straight, single master Dry, normal color, top Buds full and fully woody no damage, no disease Pest II level 2-0 25 ~ 40 0.3 ~ 0.5 20 ~ 25 3 ~ 5 Sprout transplanted seedlings Class I 2-0 > 40 > 0.6 > 25 6 ~ 8 II level 2-0 25 ~ 40 0.4 ~ 0.6 20 ~ 25 4 ~ 6 Container seedlings Class I 2-0 > 35 > 0.4 II level 2-0 25 ~ 35 0.3 ~ 0.4

5.3 Seedlings out of the nursery

5.3.1 Nude root seedlings out of the nursery

Spray or irrigate the seedbed once per day for 1 to 2 days before emergence. When raising seedlings, use a tooth harrow to dig up the seedlings and bundle them into 50 or 100 plants.

Cover the roots with yellow mud. For other related contents, refer to GB 6001.

5.3.2 Container Seedlings

2 d before going out of the garden, water the container seedlings once. Fill the required container seedlings into seedling frames, seedling bags or seedlings (paper) in a certain amount.

Box, package. Count the number of seedlings.