JT/T 1283.1-2019Inflatable buoyancy hovercraft--Part 1: Sidewall inflatable hovercraft (English PDF)

1 Scope

This part of JT/T 1283 specifies the classification and model, technical requirements, test methods, marking, transportation and Storage requirements.

This section applies to navigation in calm waters of inland rivers and seas, restricted navigation, and travel on ice, snow, tidal flats, swamps, and beaches.

Design, construction and inspection of side airbag hovercraft with a length of less than 20m.

2 Normative references

The following documents are essential for the application of this document. For dated references, only the dated version applies to this article Pieces. For undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.

GB/T 3221 Diesel-powered inland waterway ship mooring and navigation test outline GB/T 3471 General rules for mooring and navigation test of sea-going ships GB/T 13146 Hovercraft terminology GB/T 13306 plate GB/T 19310 Small boats permanently installed fuel systems and fixed fuel tanks GB/T 19311 Ultra-low voltage DC device for electrical system of dinghy GB/T 19312 Ventilation of petrol engine and/or petrol tank compartment of dinghy GJB 77 (all parts) PVC insulated nylon sheathed wire and cable for aviation GJB 2232 General Specifications for Aircraft Propeller System HB 7809-2006 General technical requirements for aircraft propellers JT/T 1283. 3-2019 Full-height airbag floating body hovercraft Part 3. Hovercraft airbag Technical Regulations for the Survey of Coastal Small Ships of the Maritime Safety Administration of the People's Republic of China Technical Regulations for Statutory Survey of Inland Ships of the Maritime Safety Administration of the People's Republic of China Technical Regulations for Statutory Surveys of Maritime Ships in China Classification and construction specifications for inland high-speed ships of China Classification Society China Classification Society Classification and Construction Code for High Speed Ships Offshore CCS Materials and Welding Code

3 Terms and definitions

The terms and definitions established in GB/T 13146 and the following terms apply to this document.

Full-cushion airbag floating body hovercraft inflatable boat hovercraft Flexible airbag is used as the floating body. The whole or part of the mass of the hull is supported by the buoyancy of the flexible airbag when it is stationary, and supported by air cushions when sailing.

Bearing, using air propeller, hovercraft with amphibious performance.

Note. Full-height airbag floating body hovercraft is divided into two types. side wall airbag hovercraft and wall airbag hovercraft.

JT/T 1283. 1-2019

Side airbag hovercraft sidewall inflate hovercraft both sides have flexible airbag sidewalls. The entire mass of the hull is supported by the buoyancy of the flexible airbag when it is stationary, and supported by air cushions during navigation.

Air propeller, hovercraft with amphibious performance.

Airbag intubation

The hovercraft provides buoyancy when it is stationary, and an inflatable flexible bladder used to close the air cushion when hoisting.

Side airbag side inflate tube the side airbag hovercraft has buoyant airbags on both sides that close the air cushion.

3. Five

Stabilizing airbag stabilizing airbag tube 3. 12 Airbag waterline length of water of waterline Lwl in the floating drainage state, the horizontal distance from the end of the airbag to the end of the airbag along the design waterline.

3. 13

Airline waterline width of water of waterline Bwl in the floating drainage state, the horizontal distance from the outside of one airbag to the outside of the other airbag along the design waterline.

3. 14

Airway deck air deck JT/T 1283. 1-2019 Full-lift airbag floating body hovercraft covers the airway deck.

3. 15

Airway deck length of air duceck Lad Horizontal distance from air end to air end.

3. 16

Airway deck width, breath, air, deck, deck Bad the horizontal distance of the airway deck from one side to the other.

3. 17

Total height

Hoa

The flexible airbag is inflated, and the vertical distance from the bottom of the airbag to the highest fixed point on the ship (including lamps, lighting and other accessories).

3. 18

Ship height

The flexible airbag is not inflated and the vertical distance from the bottom of the rigid hull to the highest fixed point on the ship (including accessories such as lamps and lighting)

4 Classification and model

4.1 Classification of side airbag hovercraft the side airbag hovercraft is classified as follows.

a) divided into aluminum alloy and fiber reinforced plastic according to the hull material;

b) divided into diesel engine and gasoline engine according to engine type;

c) According to the propulsion system, it is divided into single-machine single-air propeller propulsion system and double-machine dual-air propeller propulsion system;

d) According to the layout of the lifting shaft system, it is divided into the front output shaft system layout system of the host and the rear output shaft system layout system of the host.

4.2 Side airbag hovercraft model the model of the side airbag hovercraft is shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1 Model representation of side airbag hovercraft

Example 1.

10-seater single-diesel engine single-air propeller front output pad lift shaft system aluminum alloy side wall airbag hovercraft, model number is CCLDQ10C.

JT/T 1283. 1-2019

Example 2.

16-seater dual gasoline engine dual air propeller rear output pad lift shaft system aluminum alloy and fiber reinforced plastic mixed structure side wall airbag hovercraft, model marked as CHCHSH16.

5 Technical requirements

5.1 Environmental conditions the side airbag hovercraft should be able to operate normally under the following environmental conditions.

a) the altitude does not exceed 3,500 m;

b) Ambient air temperature.-35 ° C to 45 ° C;

c) The seawater temperature does not exceed 32 ° C;

d) Waters with a Pompei wind rating of no more than 6 and a significant wave height of no more than 1 m;

e) ice, snow, tidal flats, swamps, beaches and other areas;

f) Slopes, trenches, potholes, drift ice, etc. that meet design constraints.

5.2 Hull

5.2.1 Hull structure 5. 2. 1. 1. Side-wall airbag hovercraft consists of side-wall airbags installed along the captain on the left and right sides, stabilizer airbags (if applicable), Gas seals, tail gas seals and rigid structures such as upper connecting bridges, airway decks, deckhouses, etc.

Explanation.

1 --- air rudder; 5 --- side airbag;

2 --- air propeller; 6 --- tail gas seal;

3 --- catheter; 7 --- stabilized balloon;

5.2.3.2 Airbag material the material of the side airbag and the stable airbag should conform to JT/T 1283. 3-2019 4. 5 requirements.

5.2.3.3 Airbag shape and layout the side airbag is generally composed of 2 to 3 cylindrical airbags. It is arranged along the length of the ship on both sides of the side airbag hovercraft, and the ends of the stern are tapered.

The stabilizer airbag is located at the center of the hull.

Wear-resistant strips or airbag fingers can be set at the bottom of the airbag.

5.2.3.4 Airbag separation

5.2.3.4.1 The airbag on the side wall is divided into several airtight compartments along the length of the ship. Each airtight compartment shall be provided with a Drained air valve port. The number of airtight compartments shall be 5. 3. 4 Calculation of damage stability requirements.

5.2.3.4.2 The length of the airbag under the side wall is not divided. When the airbag under the side wall is in a sailing state, the control pressure should be adjusted by an air pump.

Get better airworthiness when running in different interfaces.

5.2.3.4.3 The upper and lower stabilizer airbags are not separated in the length direction, and the pressure of the airbag under the stable airbag during navigation can be controlled Adjustment.

5.2.3.5 Airbag installation

5.2.3.5.1 The airbag on the side wall and the stable upper airbag can be connected with the rigid hull by two card slots.

The connection is fixed in the card slot connector of the rigid hull.

Note. The connecting ear refers to the strip-shaped attachment attached to the airbag capsule, and is used to connect the airbag to the rigid hull, the airbag to the head and tail air seals, and the airbag to the airbag installation.

5.2.3.5.2 The airbag and the airbag may be connected by a two-lane method or other equivalent methods. The rope method can be crossed with nylon rope the self-balloons are connected to each other in the ear-piercing connection ears.

5.2.3.5.3 The airbag connection should be firm and reliable, which can effectively ensure the airtightness of the air cushion and ensure that the maximum static and dynamic loads are encountered during navigation.

At the same time, no defects such as damage, leakage or obstacles to the safety of the ship occurred.

5.2.3.6 Working pressure the working pressure is determined by the manufacturer and should comply with JT/T 1283. 3-2019 4. 2. 1 requirements.

The working pressure shall be indicated in the corresponding compartment or operation manual, or both, and shall be indicated on the product label.

JT/T 1283. 1-2019

5.2.4 first air seal and tail gas seal

5.2.4.1 Gas seal material the air-sealing material should conform to JT/T 1283. 3-2019 4. 5 requirements.

5.2.4.2 Gas seal shape the first air seal is a skirt-shaped flexible body fixed on three sides in the vertical direction and the lower edge is free; the tail air seal is fixed on the four sides in the horizontal direction and the middle is inflatable.

Pocket-shaped flexible body.

5.2.4.3 Gas seal arrangement and connection installation

5.2.4.3.1 The first gas seal and the rigid hull can be installed by using a card slot connection, and the insert ears of the first gas seal are inserted into the card slot connection of the rigid hull.

The connection is fixed inside the connector.

5.2.4.3.2 The first air seal and the air bag may be connected by a stringing method or other equivalent methods. The rope method can be crossed into nylon the threaded connection ears are connected to each other.

5.2.4.3.3 The front and rear seals on the upper part of the tail gas seal and the rigid hull can be installed by using a card slot connection, and the left and right sides can be connected to each other through tubular connectors.

Rigid hull connection installation. If a stable airbag is provided, the tail gas seal is composed of left and right parts.

5.2.4.3.4 The connection of the first air seal and the tail air seal should be firm and reliable, which can effectively ensure the airtightness of the air cushion, and ensure that the maximum encounters during navigation are possible.

During static and dynamic loads, no defects that damage or hinder the safety of the ship occur.

5.3 Buoyancy and stability

5.3.1 Buoyancy Principle

5.3.1.1 The buoyancy of the airbag of the side airbag hovercraft shall be able to support the mass of the whole ship and have a certain reserve buoyancy.

5.3.1.2 The side airbag hovercraft shall have a reserve buoyancy of not less than 100% of the maximum design displacement to ensure safe navigation of the ship. Store Standby buoyancy includes buoyancy provided by airbags and rigid hulls. The watertight bulkhead deck of a rigid hull is used as a boundary for the calculation of reserve buoyancy.

All rigid watertight compartments below the surface can be counted as reserve buoyancy. The proportion of airbags included in the reserve buoyancy shall not be greater than the maximum design displacement 20%.

5.3.2 Buoyancy distribution Reserve buoyancy shall be distributed in balance along the length and width of the ship. All cabins included in the reserve buoyancy shall have reliable structural integrity.

Watertight under environmental conditions and emergency situations.

5.3.3 stability

5.3.3.1 Stability

The lateral stability and longitudinal stability of the side airbag hovercraft when navigating at the maximum load in the cushioned state should meet the current "Coastal Small Ship Inspection" Relevant provisions of the Technical Regulations for Surveying and Surveying and Technical Regulations for Statutory Surveying of Domestic Sailing Ships.

5.3.3.2 Drainage stability

5.3.3.2.1 The lateral stability of the drainage state of the side airbag hovercraft should meet the current "Technical Regulations for Statutory Survey of Inland Watercraft" Relevant provisions of the Technical Regulations for Ship Inspection.

5.3.3.2.2 The stability of side airbag hovercrafts with a ship length less than 5m or carrying no more than 6 persons shall meet the following requirements.

a) When all personnel are located on the first side of the cabin, they should meet the complete stability and stability test of the current "Coastal Small Ship Inspection Technical Code" Requirements

b) Whether one side airbag hovercraft is fully loaded or unloaded, when one of them is located anywhere on the deck, the waterline should be below the deck the following 50mm.

JT/T 1283. 1-2019

5.3.4 Damage stability

5.3.4.1 The damage stability of side airbag hovercraft shall meet the following requirements.

a) Meet the relevant provisions of the current Technical Regulations for Statutory Survey of Inland River Ships and the Technical Regulations for Survey of Small Coastal Ships;

b) The airbags under the left and right side walls are all damaged, and the ship should not sink.

5.3.4.2 A side airbag hovercraft of less than 5m in length or carrying no more than 6 persons is assumed to have suffered damage at any position within the range of the captain (But excluding bulkheads whose spacing exceeds 0.1 times the length of the ship), the damage stability shall meet the following requirements.

a) the final waterline should be below the lower edge of any opening where further water may enter;

b) The final roll angle may not exceed 10 ° by adjusting the position of personnel in the cabin.

5.4 Antiseptic measures

5.4.1 Aluminum alloy hulls shall be equipped with marine anticorrosive coatings suitable for the requirements of the use environment. The technical requirements and construction techniques for coating shall be in accordance with the regulations of paint manufacturers are implemented.

5.4.2 Corrosion protection measures shall be taken between the joint surfaces of aluminum alloy and other metal materials. If the aluminum hull is connected to a non-aluminum alloy equipment support, the difference between the aluminum hull and the fixed joints of the piping system's hangers, through-tube fittings, etc., and between the aluminum hull and the airbag and head and tail gas seal connections this kind of metal contact surface can be padded with polysulfide rubber tape or other insulating tape, and the joint of bolt head and nut with aluminum alloy can be made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

Ethylene insulation washer to isolate aluminum alloy and non-aluminum alloy.

5.4.3 For sidewall airbag hovercrafts used in the marine environment, aluminum alloy hull materials shall be treated with sulfuric acid anodizing.

Use sacrificial anodes for protection, or use other equivalent corrosion protection methods. Polysulfide rubber bands should be laid on the riveted parts of aluminum alloy to seal and prevent electricity Chemical corrosion and crevice corrosion.

5.4.4 Other equipment shall meet the requirements for anticorrosion of marine equipment in the navigation area.

5.5 Amphibious performance

5.5.1 The side airbag hovercraft shall be capable of operating on ice, snow, tidal flats, swamps, sandy beaches, etc., and shall have predetermined climbing, Ditch and obstacle crossing performance.

5.5.2 Loads under non-water environment conditions shall meet the requirements of full load conditions.

5.5.3 The speed under non-water leveling interface conditions shall not be lower than the speed of sailing on the water under the same wind level.

5.5.4 The climbing angle shall not be less than 8 °, and the climbing length shall not be less than twice the total length of the side airbag hovercraft.

5.6 Safety of mechanical devices 5. 6. 1. All rotating machinery and equipment shall be provided with protective measures, such as covers, to prevent possible harm to personnel and endanger the safety of the ship.

5.6.2 The entrances to the machinery and air propeller installation spaces shall be provided with isolation facilities and warning signs to prevent personnel from entering during the voyage.

5.6.3 The duct air propeller of the open side airbag hovercraft shall be provided with a safety net to prevent inhalation of personnel and debris. Protective net material it can be woven with metal wire or nylon rope, and the distance between the holes of the protective net should be no more than 50mm × 50mm. The protective grid shall be firmly connected to the catheter.

5.6.4 All mechanical devices should take measures to prevent loosening, to prevent parts from loosening the suction blade duct and pad fan, damage to high-speed rotation Air propeller and fan impeller.

5.6.5 The installation and testing of permanently installed fuel systems and fixed fuel tanks shall meet the requirements of GB/T 19310.

5.6.6 The ventilation of the gasoline engine room shall meet the requirements of GB/T 19312.

5.6.7 Any electrical installation shall meet the requirements of GB/T 193111.

5.6.8 In addition to the cables provided with the equipment, the cables used in the side airbag hovercraft can be used with lighter nylon jackets.

The requirements for wires and aerospace nylon sheathed wires should meet the requirements of GJB 77.

5.6.9 Lightning protection devices shall be provided on the side airbag hovercraft. Lightning protection shall be provided for the airway deck structure or hull parts below the airway deck structure.

The grounding plate, the lightning protection device is connected to the lightning protection ground plate through a wire, and the lightning protection ground plate is introduced into the water through a wire.

JT/T 1283. 1-2019

5.7 Power unit

5.7.1 engine

5. 7. 1. 1. The engine shall be 15 ° laterally and longitudinally trimmed at the side of the airbag hovercraft. It can still work normally at 5 °.

5.7.1.2 The engine and its clutch housing bracket shall be fixed to the base connected to the hull structure by at least three bases.

The vertical line of the center of gravity of the clutch housing bracket should be within the plane formed by the machine base.

5.7.1.3 The seat gasket can be made of metal materials such as steel, aluminum alloy, and non-metal materials such as cloth bakelite. The base gasket should have Sufficient thickness and slope to meet the requirements of strength and installation process.

5.7.1.4 The engine base shall be installed elastically with vibration isolation elements. The fixing bolts of the vibration isolation support shall be in accordance with the requirements of the engine manufacturer.

Install with pre-tightening torque.

5.7.1.5 The front and rear outputs of the engine shafting should be elastically connected, such as universal joints, high-elastic couplings, etc.

5.7.1.6 All externally connected components of the engine, such as pipes, shall be flexible connected.

5.7.1.7 The arrangement of fuel lines should be located in the opposite direction of the exhaust pipe position as far as possible.

5.7.1.8 The exhaust pipe shall be provided with heat insulation and protection measures. The surface temperature of the heat insulation layer shall not exceed 60 ° C to prevent contact with flammable liquids and personal burns.

The exhaust piping should be arranged to prevent leakage or any damage caused by thermal expansion.

5.7.1.9 The exhaust of marine engines shall comply with the current Technical Regulations for Statutory Surveys of Inland River Vessels the "Protection against Air Pollution" stipulates that the exhaust of land-based engines shall not be lower than the emission standards set by the government in the place of operation.

5.7.2 Ducts and air propellers

5.7.2.1 The catheter can be made of aluminum alloy, fiber reinforced plastic and other materials. Aluminum alloy materials and fiber reinforced plastic materials should meet the current Material and Welding Code.

5.7.2.2 The catheter adopts the form of plate-framed fasting structure.

5.7.2.3 Air propellers can use aluminum alloy and carbon fiber composite materials. Aluminum alloy and carbon fiber composite materials shall comply with HB 7809-5. in 2006 1. 3. 1 requirements.

5.7.2.4 Air propellers shall be checked for static strength, and the static strength shall be in accordance with HB 7809-2006. 5. 1. 4 requirements. For metal Material propeller, design safety factor should not be less than 1. 5; For composite propellers, the design safety factor should not be less than 3.

5.7.2.5 Air propellers can use variable pitch and adjustable fixed pitch. The adjustable pitch pitch can adjust the pitch angle during installation and debugging. Air snail After the propeller is manufactured, a static balance test should be performed. The static balance test should meet the requirements of GJB 2232.

5.7.2.6 The unilateral gap between the air propeller blade tip and the duct shall not be less than 5mm, and not more than 10mm.

5.7.3 Air Rudder

5.7.3.1 The air rudder can be made of aluminum alloy, fiber reinforced plastic and other materials. Aluminum alloy materials and fiber reinforced plastic materials should meet the current requirements Requirements for Materials and Welding Code.

5.7.3.2 The air rudder adopts the structure of a plate frame and an empty web.

5.7.3.3 The air rudder includes an air rudder and an air horizontal rudder, which are provided at the trailing edge of the duct and air propeller. Air rudder for control the heading of the side airbag hovercraft, the air level rudder is used to adjust the longitudinal attitude of the side airbag hovercraft.

5.7.3.4 The number and area of air rudder blades should be able to effectively control the course of the side airbag hovercraft and the rudder angle of the air rudder the degree should not exceed ± 45 °. The number and area of rudder blades for air level rudders should be able to effectively control the longitudinal attitude of the side airbag hovercraft, and the air level the steering angle of the rudder should not exceed ± 45 °.

5.7.3.5 The steering control of the air rudder can use a man-machined steering device or a man-powered hydraulic steering device. Air rudder in side wall gas at the maximum forward operating speed of the airbag hovercraft, the force for controlling the handwheel should not exceed 98N. Manual control of the up and down position of the air horizontal rudder should use manpower the mechanical steering device should be simple and reliable to operate.

JT/T 1283. 1-2019

5.7.3.6 The strength of the rudder blades and rudder shafts of the air rudders is checked by direct calculation. The allowable stress safety factor of the materials should not be s...