HJ 2029-2013Technical specifications for hospital sewage treatment (English PDF)

3.1 Hospital sewage hospital sewage

Refers to hospital outpatients, wards, operating rooms, various examination rooms, pathological anatomy rooms, radiology rooms, laundry rooms, mortuaries, etc.

Diagnosis, living and fecal sewage. When the drainage of office, canteen, dormitory, etc. is mixed with the above sewage, it is also regarded as hospital sewage.

3.2 Infectious disease hospital sewage infectious hospital sewage

Refers to the diagnosis, treatment, living and fecal sewage discharged from infectious disease specialist hospitals and general hospital infectious wards.

3.3 Non-infectious disease hospital sewage non infective hospital sewage

Refers to the diagnosis, treatment, living and fecal sewage discharged from various non-communicable disease specialist hospitals and general hospitals except infectious wards.

3.4 Special nature hospital sewage special hospital sewage

Refers to a small amount of special-purpose sewage generated by the hospital inspection, analysis and treatment process, mainly including acidic sewage, cyanide-containing sewage, and heavy Metal sewage, printing wastewater, radioactive sewage, etc.

4.1 Collection of hospital sewage

4.1.1 Hospital sewage is divided into sewage from infectious disease hospitals, sewage from non-infectious diseases hospitals and sewage of special nature.

4.1.2 New (reconstruction, expansion) hospitals should consider hospital wards, non-disease areas, infectious wards, non-design when designing hospital sewage treatment systems Sewage in infectious wards is collected separately.

4.1.3 Special characteristics of sewage should be collected separately, and treated with hospital sewage after pretreatment, special sewage should not be discharged into the place.

Waterway.

4.2 Pollution load

4.2.1 The design of hospital sewage treatment engineering should adopt the actual detection method to determine the pollution load of hospital sewage. Hospital sewage discharge and water the quality sampling test shall comply with the technical requirements of HJ/T 91.

4.2.2 When there is no measured data, the designed water volume and design water quality of the hospital sewage treatment project can be compared with the emissions of hospitals of the same size and nature.

Data can also be calculated based on empirical methods or data.

(1) Determine the amount of sewage treatment design water according to the amount of water used the designed water volume of the new hospital sewage treatment project can be determined according to the total water use of the hospital from 85% to 95%. The total amount of water used in the hospital can be GB 50015 Hospital designated household water quota and hourly coefficient of change. The formula for calculating the water volume of hospital sewage treatment engineering is as follows.

( ) 31 1 Z1 2 2 2 qq q0.85 ~ 0.95 ZN KN KQ = (1) among them.

-- The highest daily sewage volume in the hospital, m3/s.

Q1 -- The maximum daily water quota for the inpatient department, L/person·d.

Q2 -- The maximum daily water quota for the outpatient department, L/person·d.

Q3 -- Unforeseen water volume, L/s.

N1, N2 -- The number of people in the inpatient department and outpatient department.

Kz1, Kz2 - hour change coefficient.

(2) Determine the amount of sewage treatment design water according to the daily average sewage volume and coefficient of variation the design water quantity of the new hospital sewage treatment system can also be calculated according to the daily average sewage volume and the daily variation coefficient empirical data.

under.

D86400

q KNQ = (2)

among them.

q -- Hospital daily average unit bed sewage discharge, L/bed · d.

N -- The number of beds in the hospital.

Kd - the daily variation coefficient of sewage. The value of Kd is determined by the number of hospital beds.

a) large well-equipped large hospital with N>=500 beds, q=400 L/bed·d~600L/bed·d, Kd=2.0~2.2;

b) medium-sized hospital with general equipment of 100 beds 5 General requirements

5.1 General provisions

5.1.1 The design of hospital sewage treatment engineering should follow the following principles.

(1) Whole process control, reduction principle;

(2) Classification and collection, quality treatment, and the principle of local compliance;

(3) Risk control, the principle of harmlessness.

5.1.2 The scale of construction of hospital sewage treatment projects should consider the overall planning of hospital development, and the combination of near and long-term, mainly in the near future.

5.1.3 The hospital sewage treatment project should adopt mature and reliable technology, and equipment.

5.1.4 Hospital sewage treatment structures should be designed in parallel according to two groups.

5.1.5 Drainage of hospital sewage treatment works should be carried out by gravity flow, and if necessary, a drainage pumping station can be set up.

5.1.6 Hospital sewage treatment structures shall adopt technical measures such as anti-corrosion, anti-leakage and anti-freezing, and various structures shall be sealed and sealed.

Ventilation device.

5.1.7 Venting facilities should be considered for the treatment of structures.

5.1.8 Pollutant discharge from hospital sewage treatment projects should meet the relevant requirements of GB 18466 and local pollutant discharge standards.

5.1.9 The stacking of sludge and waste generated from the sewage treatment process of hospitals shall comply with the Technical Specifications for Centralized Disposal of Medical Wastes.

HJ/T 177-2005 and HJ/T 276-2006. The exudate and leachate should be collected and returned to the conditioning tank.

5.1.10 Hospital sewage treatment project adopts low-noise equipment and sound-proof control measures, supplemented by noise reduction, vibration isolation, sound absorption, etc.

Comprehensive noise control measures. The noise at the site of the hospital sewage treatment project shall comply with the provisions of GB 3096 and GB 12348, and the interior of the building the noise source control of the facility shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB J87.

5.1.11 The environment in the hospital sewage treatment project site should be kept clean and tidy, no sludge and debris spilled, sewage cross-flow and other messy phenomena should be maintained.

Fly, anti-mosquito and rodent control measures are clean, tidy and civilized.

5.2 Engineering composition

5.2.1 Hospital sewage treatment works generally consist of main works, supporting and auxiliary works.

5.2.2 The main works mainly include hospital sewage treatment systems, sludge treatment systems, and exhaust gas treatment systems. Hospital sewage treatment system master it should include units such as pretreatment, primary treatment, secondary treatment, advanced treatment, and disinfection treatment.

5.2.3 Supporting and auxiliary works mainly include electrical and automatic control, water supply and drainage, fire protection, heating and ventilation, roads and greening.

5.3 Site selection and general layout

5.3.1 The site selection and general layout of the hospital sewage treatment project shall be based on the overall planning of the hospital, the location of the sewage discharge port, and the environmental sanitation requirements.

Wind direction, engineering geology, maintenance management and transportation are determined.

5.3.2 The location of the hospital sewage treatment structure should be located in the downwind direction of the main summer wind direction of the main building of the hospital.

5.3.3 In the design of hospital sewage treatment projects, appropriate space should be reserved according to the overall plan for the expansion, construction, operation and maintenance.

5.3.4 Hospital sewage treatment projects should have convenient transportation, and hydropower conditions to facilitate sewage discharge and sludge storage and transportation.

5.3.5 Infectious disease hospital sewage treatment project, its production management buildings and living facilities should be arranged in a centralized manner, and the location and orientation should be reasonable.

It should be strictly isolated from the sewage treatment structure and buildings.

5.3.6 Greenbelt protective belts or isolation belts should be provided between hospital sewage treatment works and buildings such as wards and residential areas to reduce odor and noise.

Interference with patients or residents.

6.1 General requirements

6.1.1 Special characteristics Sewage should be pretreated and then enter the hospital sewage treatment system.

6.1.2 Infectious disease hospital sewage should be treated with secondary treatment disinfection process or secondary treatment deep disinfection process after pre-disinfection.

6.1.3 Non-infectious disease hospital sewage, if the treated water is discharged directly or indirectly into surface water bodies or sea areas, the secondary treatment disinfectant shall be used.

Art or secondary treatment to deepen the disinfection process; if the treated effluent is discharged into the terminal, the city with a normal operation of the secondary sewage treatment plant has been built.

When the sewage pipe network is used, the first-stage strengthening treatment disinfection process can be adopted.

6.2 Process

6.2.1 The hospital's sewage treatment technology route should be reasonably determined according to the nature, scale and discharge of the hospital, taking into account local conditions.

6.2.2 Process flow.

(1) The sewage discharged into the non-infectious disease hospital of the urban sewage pipe network (the terminal has already established a normal operation secondary sewage treatment plant), A first-stage strengthening treatment process can be used, and the process flow is shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1 Process for the first-stage intensive treatment of sewage in non-infectious disease hospitals

Disinfecting urban sewage pipe network septic tank grill adjustment tank coagulation sedimentation Sludge tank sludge treatment system Non-infectious disease hospital sewage non-infectious disease hospital sewage (2) Sewage from non-infectious disease hospitals discharged directly or indirectly into surface water bodies, sea areas or effluent, generally using secondary Treatment (deepening treatment) Disinfection process. The process is shown in Figure 2.

Figure 2 Non-infectious disease hospital sewage treatment process

(3) Infectious disease hospital sewage, generally adopts pre-disinfection secondary treatment (deep treatment) disinfection process. The process flow is shown in Figure 3.

Figure 3 Infectious disease hospital sewage treatment process

6.3 Technical requirements for process design of hospital sewage treatment unit

6.3.1 Pretreatment process

The hospital sewage pretreatment system is divided into special nature sewage pretreatment and conventional pretreatment. Conventional pretreatment is usually done by grilling, pre-sterilization Pools, adjustment tanks, dechlorination tanks, primary sedimentation tanks, etc. are combined according to water quality and treatment requirements.

6.3.1.1 Special properties of wastewater pretreatment

Sewage of special nature shall be collected separately, and after sufficient quantity, it shall be separately pretreated and discharged into the hospital sewage treatment system. The preprocessing methods are.

Non-infectious disease hospital sewage grid regulating pool hydrolysis tank/primary sedimentation tank Biochemistry Reaction cell Second settling pool Disinfection tank Compliance or discharge Concentrated sludge, dewatered excess sludge Sludge disposal Advanced processing Infectious disease hospital sewage grid pre-disinfection pool dechlorination tank adjustment pool hydrolysis pool/primary sedimentation tank biochemical reaction pool Second settling pool Disinfection tank Discharge Concentrated sludge, dewatered excess sludge Sludge disposal Advanced processing (1) Acidic sewage comes from the hospital for testing or making chemical cleaning agents using acids such as nitric acid, sulfuric acid, perchloric acid and monochloroacetic acid.

Sewage produced by sexual substances.

Neutralization should be adopted for acidic wastewater. Neutralizer can be selected from sodium hydroxide, lime, etc., neutralized to pH 7~8 and discharged into hospital sewage.

Processing system.

(2) Cyanide-containing wastewater comes from hospitals using potassium cyanide, sodium cyanide, and ferric cyanide in blood, serum, bacteria, and chemical analysis.

Sewage from cyanide-containing compounds such as potassium or potassium ferrocyanide.

The cyanide-containing wastewater is preferably subjected to basic chlorination. The effective volume of the cyanide-containing wastewater treatment tank should be able to accommodate not less than half a year of sewage.

(3) Mercury-containing sewage is derived from the use of chlorine in hospitals for various oral outpatient treatments, mercury-containing monitoring instruments, damage analysis, and diagnosis.

A high amount of sewage is produced by high-toxic substances such as high mercury, nitric acid, and high-mercury thiocyanate.

The mercury-containing wastewater should be adsorbed by sodium sulfide precipitation activated carbon. After adsorption by activated carbon, the mercury concentration in the effluent meets the relevant emission standards.

The quasi-rear can enter the hospital sewage treatment system. The mercury concentration is below 0.02 mg/L.

(4) Chromium-containing sewage comes from the hospital using potassium dichromate, chromium trioxide, chromic acid in pathology, blood examination and laboratory work.

Potassium and other chemicals form sewage. The chromium-containing wastewater is preferably subjected to a chemical reduction precipitation method. After treatment, the hexavalent chromium concentration in the effluent meets the relevant emission standards.

The quasi-rear can enter the hospital sewage treatment system. The content is less than 0.5 mg/L.

(5) Printing and printing of sewage comes from the hospital radiology photo film processing to produce printing wastewater and waste liquid.

The developing wastewater is preferably subjected to a hydrogen peroxide oxidation method. After treatment, the hexavalent chromium concentration in the effluent meets the relevant emission standards before entering the hospital.

Sewage treatment system. After the printing and printing waste liquid is collected, it shall be disposed of by a unit specialized in handling hazardous solid waste.

(6) Radioactive wastewater treatment

a) Radioactive wastewater is derived from isotope treatment and diagnosis to produce radioactive sewage. The concentration of radioactive wastewater is 3.7×102 Bq/L~3.7×105 Bq/L.

b) The monitoring value of the radioactive wastewater treatment facility should meet the total alpha