HJ 2023-2012Technical specifications of expanded granular sludge bed(EGSB)reactor for wastewater treatment (English PDF)

3.2 Outer loop external the circle

Refers to a cycle that will be boosted by the power of the effluent from the top three-phase separator and mixed with the incoming water.

3.3 Inner loop internal the circle

Refers to a cycle in which the effluent that has not passed through the top three-phase separator is boosted by power and mixed with the incoming water.

4.1 Design water quantity

4.1.1 The designed water volume shall be designed according to the actual wastewater flow measured at the total discharge of the plant or industrial park. Test method should be consistent HJ/T 91 regulations.

4.1.2 The change of wastewater flow rate should be measured according to the characteristics of the process, and the flow coefficient of variation should be determined.

4.1.3 When the actual measurement data cannot be obtained, it can be determined by referring to the current national final water consumption conversion, or according to the same the same scale is determined by the analogy of the existing plant drainage data.

4.1.4 Lifting pump house, grille well and grit chamber should be designed according to the highest daily maximum wastewater volume.

4.1.5 The design flow rate of the EGSB reactor and the water delivery facilities such as pumps and pipelines before and after the EGSB reactor should be at the highest level.

Mean time wastewater volume design.

4.2 Design water quality

4.2.1 The design water quality should be determined according to the actual measurement data of the industrial wastewater entering the wastewater treatment plant (station), and its determination method and the data processing method shall comply with the provisions of HJ/T 91. When there is no actual measurement data, refer to the emission data analogy of similar factories.

determine.

4.2.2 The EGSB reactor water inlet shall meet the following conditions.

a) pH should be 6.0 ~ 8.0;

b) Normal temperature anaerobic temperature should be 20 °C ~ 25 °C, medium temperature anaerobic temperature should be 35 °C ~ 40 °C, high temperature anaerobic temperature it should be 50 °C ~ 55 °C;

c) nutritional combination ratio COD. N. P should be 100 ~ 500. 5. 1;

d) the suspended matter content in the EGSB reactor inlet water should be less than 2000 mg/L;

e) the ammonia nitrogen concentration should be less than 2000 mg/L;

f) the sulfate concentration should be less than 1000 mg/L, the COD/SO42 - ratio should be greater than 10;

g) COD concentration should be greater than 1000 mg/L;

h) Strictly control the concentration of heavy metals, cyanides, phenols and other substances into the anaerobic reactor.

4.2.3 It is advisable to reduce the toxic substances in the influent (such as heavy metals, cyanides, phenols, etc.) by appropriately increasing the reflux ratio of the effluent.

The concentration that mitigates or eliminates its toxic effects.

4.2.4 If the water ingress requirements are not met, appropriate pretreatment measures should be used.

4.2.5 Pollutant removal rate

Refer to Table 1 for the removal of contaminants from the EGSB reactor.

Table 1 Removal rate of pollutants in EGSB reactor

Contaminant

Removal rate (%)

Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) 5 Day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) Suspended Matter (SS) Easy degradation wastewater 70~90 60~80 30~50 Refractory wastewater 50~70 40~60 20~40 (Note. B/C>0.3 is easy to degrade wastewater; B/C5 General requirements

5.1 General provisions

5.1.1 EGSB reactor design should comply with the current national standards and technical specifications in addition to the implementation of this standard.

set.

5.1.2 Treatment of waste gas, waste water, solid waste and other pollutants generated during the construction and operation of wastewater treatment plants (station) Regulation and discharge shall comply with the provisions of national environmental protection regulations and relevant standards, and shall not cause secondary pollution.

5.1.3 The design and construction of wastewater treatment plants (stations) shall adopt effective sound insulation, noise reduction, greening and other measures to reduce noise.

The noise and vibration control design shall comply with the provisions of GB J87 and GB 50040, and the environmental noise emission at the boundary shall comply with GB 12348.

It is stipulated that green belts should be built around the wastewater treatment plant (station) and have a certain protective distance.

The evaluation is determined.

5.1.4 The wastewater treatment plant (station) shall install an automatic pollutant monitoring system in accordance with national or local environmental protection management requirements.

5.1.5 Wastewater treatment plants (stations) shall set up standardized sewage outlets in accordance with relevant national and local regulations.

5.1.6 Occupational health and labor safety should be highly valued during the design, construction and operation of wastewater treatment plants (stations).

Execute the provisions of GBZ 1, GBZ 2 and GB 12801.

5.1.7 The EGSB reactor shall be equipped with safety measures such as protective railings and anti-skid ladders in accordance with relevant regulations, and shall be fireproof and explosion-proof.

And prevention work against heat stroke and anti-poisoning.

5.1.8 The EGSB reactor should be sealed to reduce the pollution of the odor to the surrounding environment. The odor concentration should be in accordance with GB/T 18883.

Provisions. The EGSB wastewater treatment plant (station) should be equipped with a centralized treatment facility for malodor, which can be chemical deodorization or biological deodorization.

5.2 Plant (station) site selection and general layout

5.2.1 The site and overall layout of the wastewater treatment plant (station) shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB 50014, and the general plan design shall comply with GB 50187.

Provisions.

5.2.2 The flood control standard of wastewater treatment plant (station) should not be lower than the urban flood control standard.

5.2.3 When the wastewater treatment plant (station) is constructed in phases, the overall layout and reserved space shall be carried out according to the scale of long-term treatment. Pipe network and Underground structures should be built at one time.

5.2.4 All kinds of pipelines of wastewater treatment plant (station) should be arranged in an integrated manner to avoid mutual interference, easy to clear and maintain, and reasonably clothed Set the override and vent line.

5.2.5 The vertical design of the treatment unit should make full use of the original terrain, as far as possible to achieve earthwork balance and reduce the number of wastewater upgrades.

number.

5.3 Project composition

5.3.1 Wastewater treatment plant (station) using EGSB reactor mainly consists of pretreatment, EGSB reactor, subsequent treatment, sludge Storage, biogas purification and utilization system. Subsequent processing generally refers to aerobic treatment and this part is outside the scope of this specification.

5.3.2 EGSB wastewater treatment plant (station) auxiliary engineering includes. power supply and distribution, water supply and drainage, fire protection, HVAC, detection and control Wait.

6.1 Process

The process flow that should be used in a wastewater treatment plant (station) using an EGSB reactor is shown in Figure 1.

Influent pretreatment discharge subsequent treatment Biogas purification and utilization EGSB Sludge storage

Figure 1 process flow chart

6.2 Pretreatment

6.2.1 Pretreatment includes grid, grit chamber, sedimentation tank, conditioning tank and mixing heating tank or cooling measures.

Enter the EGSB reactor sink Water grid pH adjustment nutrient salt dosing Legend. Optional process unit

Figure 2 Pretreatment process

6.2.2 Thick and fine grids should be provided as needed. The design of the grille shall comply with the provisions of GB 50014.

6.2.3 When dealing with more sand-containing wastewater such as slaughter and distiller's grains, a grit chamber should be provided. The design of the grit chamber should conform to GB 50014 Provisions.

6.2.4 When treating wastewater containing a large amount of suspended solids such as paper, starch, etc., a sedimentation tank shall be provided. The design of the sedimentation tank should be consistent the provisions of GB 50014.

6.2.5 The adjustment tank should be set. The design of the conditioning tank should meet the following requirements.

a) The capacity of the adjustment tank should be determined according to the change curve of the wastewater flow; when there is no flow curve, the capacity of the adjustment tank should be to meet the requirements of water quality and water equalization in the production drainage cycle, the residence time should be 6 h to 12 h; for batch production, wastewater for intermittent discharge, the capacity of the adjustment tank should be set in 1~2 cycles;

b) the conditioning tank can also be used as a neutralization tank, and a nutrient salt replenishing device can also be provided therein;

c) The mixing facility should be set in the adjustment tank, and the power of the mixer should be 4 W/m3 pool capacity ~ 8 W/m3 pool capacity;

d) The slag removal device shall be installed at the outlet end of the adjustment tank, and the sand removal and sludge discharge device shall be installed at the bottom of the tank.

6.2.6 The pH adjustment and dosing device should be located in the dosing room and should be designed to meet the following requirements.

a) Adjust and control the pH in the EGSB reactor by adding alkaline or acidic materials. Alkaline substances can be used.

Na2CO3, NaHCO3, etc.; acidic substances may be selected from hydrochloric acid;

b) The chemical should have a certain storage capacity, the storage time of the acidic substance should be more than 7 days, and the storage time of the alkaline substance should be 15 d or more;

c) It is advisable to use a special solvent-dissolving tank and mixing equipment for the dissolution of the drug, and the metering pump should be used for automatic quantitative dosing;

d) The pH value should be adjusted in the adjustment tank by adding acidic or alkaline substances. The pH should be finely adjusted to adopt the pipeline mixer and Add acid and alkali pump;

e) It is advisable to set up a drug dissolving and dosing device such as nutrient salt (nitrogen, phosphorus, etc.) in the dosing room.

6.2.7 If the temperature of the wastewater does not meet the design temperature requirements, a heating or cooling device shall be provided. The specific requirements are as follows.

a) heating method can use outside the pool heating and pool heating, the pool heating should use hot water circulation heating mode;

b) The heat exchanger selection shall be based on the characteristics of the wastewater, the temperature of the medium and the temperature of the outlet medium of the heat exchanger. Heat exchanger the heat exchange area should be calculated according to the heat balance, and the calculation result should have a margin of 10% to 20%;

c) the heat demand of the heating device is calculated according to formula (1);

Dht QQQ = (1)

In the formula.

Qt--total heat demand, kJ/h;

Qh--heat required to heat the wastewater to the design temperature, kJ/h;

Qd - the amount of heat required to maintain the reactor temperature, kJ/h.

d) It is advisable to use cooling facilities such as cooling pools or cooling towers.

6.3 EGSB reactor

6.3.1 EGSB reactor composition

The EGSB reactor is mainly composed of water distribution device, three-phase separator, water collection device, circulation device, sludge device and gas.

The liquid separation device is composed.

The structure of the EGSB reactor is shown in Figure 3.

Three-phase separator Three-phase separator (optional) Sludge bed Water Biogas Draining mud Influent Sludge bed Gas-liquid separator mixing (optional) Heating pool pressurization

Figure 3 Schematic diagram of EGSB reactor structure

6.3.2 EGSB reactor cell design

6.3.2.1 The volume of the EGSB reactor should be calculated by the volumetric load method and calculated according to formula (2).

SQV ×

In the formula.

V--reactor effective volume, m3;

Q--EGSB reactor design flow, m3/d;

NV--volume load, kgCOD/(m3·d);

SO--Influent organic matter concentration, mgCOD/L.

6.3.2.2 The volumetric load of the reactor shall be determined by test or by reference to similar works. Refer to the appendix in the absence of relevant information.

The relevant content of A determines that the volumetric load of the EGSB reactor should be 10 kgCOD/(m3·d) to 30 kgCOD/(m3·d).

6.3.2.3 The number of EGSB reactors should not be less than two, and should be designed in parallel with flexible adjustment.

It also facilitates sludge cultivation and start-up.

6.3.2.4 The effective water depth of the EGSB reactor is preferably between 15 m and 24 m.

6.3.2.5 The rising flow rate of wastewater in the EGSB reactor is preferably between 3 m/h and 7 m/h.

6.3.2.6 The EGSB reactor should be cylindrical and the height to diameter ratio of the reactor should be between 3 and 8.

6.3.2.7 The building materials of the EGSB reactor shall meet the following requirements.

a) EGSB reactor should be made of stainless steel, carbon steel with anti-corrosion coating, or reinforced concrete structure;

b) Insulation materials for steel EGSB reactors are commonly used in polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam, glass wool Cotton, foam concrete, expanded perlite, etc.

6.3.3 Water distribution device

6.3.3.1 The water distribution device should adopt a tube of porous cloth and multi-tube water distribution.

6.3.3.2 The flow rate of the water orifice of a tube of porous cloth shall be greater than 2 m/s, the diameter of the perforated pipe shall be greater than 100 mm, and the center distance of the water distribution pipe the bottom of the reactor should be kept at a distance of 150 mm to 250 mm.

6.3.3.3 Multi-tube water supply The water distribution area for each water inlet is preferably 2 m2 to 4 m2.

6.3.4 Three-phase separator

6.3.4.1 It is advisable to use a one-piece or combined three-phase separator. The basic structure of the three-phase separator is shown in Figure 4.

Figure 4 Basic structure of the three-phase separator

6.3.4.2 Integral three-phase separator inclined plate angle range alpha is 55 ° ~ 60 °; split three-phase separator reflector and gap the gap Z1 between the seams should be between 100 mm and.200 mm, and the spacing between the layers should be between 100 mm and.200 mm.

6.3.4.3 The EGSB reactor may be a single-stage three-phase separator or a two-stage three-phase separator.

6.3.4.4 When setting up a two-stage three-phase separator, the lower three-phase separator should be placed in the middle of the reactor, and the coverage area should be 50% to 70%, the upper three-phase separator should be placed in the upper part of the reactor.

6.3.4.5 The diameter of the outlet pipe shall be such as to extract biogas from the plenum.

6.3.4.6 When the wastewater contains protein, fat or a large amount of suspended solids, it is advisable to set the defoaming spray before the effluent collection device.

mouth.

6.3.4.7 Three-phase separators should be made of polypropylene (PP), carbon steel, stainless steel, etc.

Corrosion treatment.

6.3.5 Effluent collection device

6.3.5.1 The effluent collection unit shall be located at the top of the EGSB reactor.

6.3.5.2 The cylindrical EGSB reactor effluent should be a radial multi-groove or polygonal trough effluent.

6.3.5.3 A triangular raft shall be added to the sump, the upper head of the raft shall be greater than 25 mm, and the water level shall be 1/2 of the triangular molar.

6.3.5.4 The outlet of the effluent should be less than 1.7 L/(s·m).

6.3.5.5 EGSB reactor inlet and outlet pipes should be made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PPR), Stainless steel, high density polyethylene (HDPE) and other materials.

6.3.6 Circulation device

6.3.6.1 EGSB reactors are available in both external and internal circulation.

6.3.6.2 EGSB reactor external circulation and internal circulation are both achieved by pump pressure, and the reflux ratio is determined according to the rising flow rate.

The flow rate is calculated according to formula (3).

QQ back = nu (3)

In the formula.

N--reactor rise velocity, m/h;

Q--EGSB reactor inlet flow, m3/h;

Q back - EGSB reactor reflux flow, including internal reflux and external reflux, m3/h;

A--reactor surface area, m2.

6.3.6.3 The EGSB reactor external circulation water should be provided with a bypass pipe to the mixing heating pool.

6.3.6.4 EGSB reactor external circulation, internal circulation inlet point should be set on the raw water inlet pipe, together with the raw water Enter the reactor.

6.3.7 Drainage device

6.3.7.1 The sludge yield of the EGSB reactor is 0.05 kg VSS/kg COD ~ 0.10 kg VSS/kg COD, and the sludge discharge frequency is appropriate.

Determined according to the sludge concentration distribution curve. Sampling ports should be set at different heights, and sludge distribution should be made according to the concentration of monitored sludge.

line.

6.3.7.2 The EGSB reactor should be gravity multi-point drainage, and the sludge discharge point should be located at the bottom of the sludge area.

6.3.7.3 The diameter of the drain pipe should be greater than 150 mm, and the bottom drain pipe can also serve as a vent pipe.

6.3.8 Gas-liquid separator

When setting up a two-stage three-phase separator, the top of the reactor should be equipped with a gas-liquid separator, and the gas-liquid separator and the three-phase separator pass.

The gas collecting pipes are connected.

6.4 Excess sludge

6.4.1 The EGSB reactor shall be provided with a sludge storage facility, which shall be used as inoculated sludge after standing drainage.

6.4.2 If storage is not considered, the sludge in the EGSB reactor should be combined with the excess sludge in the aerobic tank and dewatered together. Sludge According to the provisions of GB 50014, the trea...