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GB/T 51021-2014Standard for terminology of light metal smelting engineering (English PDF)

轻金属冶炼工程术语标准

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Issued by

Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development

Level / Type

National · Recommended

Issue date

August 27, 2014

Implementation date

May 1, 2015

Scope

GB/T 51021-2014 is the English-translated version of 轻金属冶炼工程术语标准.

GB/T 51021-2014 is the Chinese standard "Standard for terminology of light metal smelting engineering".

Its scope clause reads: 1.0.1 This standard is formulated with a view to unifying the commonly used terms of light metal smelting engineering in China and their definitions, achieving the standardization of technical terms, facilitating technical exchange in engineering construction at home and abroad, and promoting the quality, safety and technical development of engineering construction in the light metal smelting industry.

1.0.2 This standard is applicable to the terms used in the planning, survey, design, procurement, construction, installation, operation and maintenance, and project management of light metal smelting engineering.

1.0.3 In addition to complying with this standard, the terms of light metal smelting shall also comply with the provisions of the current relevant national standards.

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Document preview — GB/T 51021-2014

National Standard of the People's Republic of China

Classification: P 73

Issued by: Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development

1 General provisions
2 Basic terms
3 Alumina refinery
3.1 General terms
3.2 Raw materials preparation
3.3 Bauxite dressing
3.4 Bauxite grinding
3.5 Autoclave digestion
3.6 Sintering and sinter crushing
3.7 Sinter leaching
3.8 Red mud settling, washing and control filtration
3.9 Desilication in sintering process
3.10 Decomposition of sodium aluminate solution
3.11 Alumina hydrate separation, washing and storage
3.12 Spent liquor evaporation
3.13 Alumina hydrate calcination, product packing and stacking
4 Carbon material for aluminium production
4.1 General terms
4.2 Raw materials preparation
4.3 Calcinating
4.4 Green anode/cathode production
4.5 Baking
4.6 Impregnating
4.7 Graphitizing
4.8 Machining
5 Fluorides for aluminium production
5.1 General terms
5.2 Acid preparation
5.3 Fluorspar
5.4 Cryolite preparation
5.5 Aluminium fluoride preparation
6 Aluminium smelting
6.1 General terms
6.2 Electrolytic pot
6.3 Electrolysis
6.4 Casting
6.5 Alumina handling and storage
6.6 Pot fume scrubbing
6.7 Anode rodding and butt treatment
7 Magnesium smelting
7.1 General terms
7.2 Calcination, slaking and pelletizing
7.3 Chlorination
7.4 Electrolysis
7.5 Refining and casting
7.6 Surface treatment
7.7 Chlorine liquefaction and storage
7.8 Brine purification, evaporation and prilling
7.9 Carnallite preparation
7.10 Dehydration
7.11 Briquetting
7.12 Reduction
8 Titanium smelting
8.1 General terms
8.2 High titanium slag preparation
8.3 Synthetic rutile preparation
8.4 Chlorination
8.5 Refining
8.6 Reduction and distillation
8.7 Sponge titanium crushing
Appendix A English index
Appendix B Chinese index
List of quoted standards
Addition: Explanation of provisions

Foreword

This standard was prepared jointly by China Nonferrous Engineering Co., Ltd. and Shenyang Aluminium and Magnesium Engineering and Research Institute Co., Ltd., together with the organizations concerned, in accordance with the requirements of the Notice on Printing and Distributing the "Plan for the Formulation and Revision of Engineering Construction Standards in 2010" (JIANBIAO [2010] No. 43) issued by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development.

During the preparation of this standard, the drafting group carried out extensive investigation and research, conscientiously summarized practical experience, made reference to international standards and advanced foreign standards, and, on the basis of widely soliciting opinions, finally finalized the standard through review.

This standard comprises 8 chapters and 2 appendixes. The main technical contents include: general provisions, basic terms, alumina production, carbon production for aluminium, fluoride salt production for aluminium, aluminium smelting, magnesium smelting, titanium smelting, etc.

The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development is in charge of the administration of this standard, the Administrative Office of Engineering Construction Standards of the China Nonferrous Metals Industry is responsible for its routine management, and Shenyang Aluminium and Magnesium Engineering and Research Institute Co., Ltd. is responsible for the explanation of its technical contents. Any comments or suggestions arising during implementation should be sent to Shenyang Aluminium and Magnesium Engineering and Research Institute Co., Ltd. (address: No. 184 Heping North Street, Shenyang; postcode: 110001).

Chief development organizations of this standard: China Nonferrous Engineering Co., Ltd.; Shenyang Aluminium and Magnesium Engineering and Research Institute Co., Ltd.

Participating development organizations: Guiyang Aluminium and Magnesium Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd.; Do-Fluoride Chemicals Co., Ltd.; Lanzhou Nonferrous Metallurgy Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd.; Northeastern University.

1 General provisions

1.0.1 This standard is formulated with a view to unifying the commonly used terms of light metal smelting engineering in China and their definitions, achieving the standardization of technical terms, facilitating technical exchange in engineering construction at home and abroad, and promoting the quality, safety and technical development of engineering construction in the light metal smelting industry.

1.0.3 In addition to complying with this standard, the terms of light metal smelting shall also comply with the provisions of the current relevant national standards.

2 Basic terms

2.0.1 light metal

Metal of relatively low density. The commonly used light metals are aluminium, magnesium and titanium.

2.0.2 aluminium

Metallic element of group IIIA, period 3 of the periodic table of elements, symbol Al, atomic number 13, atomic weight 26.982, density 2.70g/cm3 (at 20°C).

2.0.3 magnesium

Metallic element of group IIA, period 3 of the periodic table of elements, symbol Mg, atomic number 12, atomic weight 24.305, density 1.74g/cm3 (at 20°C).

2.0.4 titanium

Metallic element of group IVB, period 3 of the periodic table of elements, symbol Ti, atomic number 22, atomic weight 47.867, density 4.51g/cm3 (alpha-titanium at 20°C).

2.0.5 alloy

Substance with metallic properties synthesized from two or more metals or non-metals by a certain method.

2.0.6 matrix metallic element

The metallic element that is predominant by mass in an alloy.

2.0.7 alloying element

Metallic or non-metallic element added to or retained in the matrix metal in order to obtain an alloy with specific properties.

2.0.8 aluminium alloy

Alloy with aluminium as the matrix metallic element.

2.0.9 magnesium alloy

Alloy with magnesium as the matrix metallic element.

2.0.10 titanium alloy

Alloy with titanium as the matrix metallic element.

2.0.11 smelting

Process of melting the furnace charge so that it undergoes certain physical and chemical changes, separating the valuable metals from the unwanted components and producing crude metal or metal concentrate and slag.

2.0.12 refining

Process of removing impurities from crude metal.

2.0.13 molten salt

General term for salts and their mixtures in the molten state.

2.0.14 electrolyte

Compound that conducts electricity in a solvent or in the molten state.

2.0.15 molten salt electrolysis

Electrolysis process using molten salt as the electrolyte.

2.0.16 melt

General term for the state of a solid substance after melting.

2.0.17 slag

Non-metallic fluid covering formed on the liquid surface by impurities of the furnace charge, fuel ash, etc. through the action of the flux; it also includes materials intentionally added to purify the metal or to serve as covering material.

2.0.18 flux

Substance which, in metallurgical processes, combines with impurities and lowers their melting point to form slag of good fluidity, and which can purify the molten metal.

2.0.19 additive

Substance added to improve the properties of materials, melts or solutions, to improve the technical and economic indicators of the process or to produce qualified products.

2.0.20 reductive

Substance that loses electrons in an oxidation-reduction reaction.

2.0.21 flocculant

Additive that causes the colloids or fine particles in a slurry to form flocs that settle easily.

2.0.22 mass balance

According to the law of conservation of mass, for any production process the raw material consumption shall be the sum of the product quantity and the material loss.

2.0.23 energy balance

According to the law of conservation of energy, the energy input into a process or system is necessarily balanced with the energy output. The energy balance status of a process or system is determined by measurement or calculation.

2.0.24 heat loss

Heat dissipated, and carried away by the products, in a production process.

2.0.25 chemical loss

Loss of useful components caused by chemical reactions.

2.0.26 electrolytic pot

Electrochemical device in which electrolysis is carried out.

2.0.27 anode

Electrode connected to the positive pole of the external power source in an electrolytic pot.

2.0.28 cathode

Electrode connected to the negative pole of the external power source in an electrolytic pot.

2.0.29 bus bar

Usually refers to the conductor bar that carries the electric current.

2.0.30 specific surface area

Total surface area of a substance per unit mass (or per unit volume).

2.0.31 angle of repose

Angle between the inclined surface of the cone formed when a bulk material is piled naturally and the horizontal plane.

2.0.32 moisture content

Ratio, expressed as a percentage, of the mass of water contained in a material to the mass or volume of the material (wet basis).

2.0.33 ash

Incombustible residue left after complete combustion of a substance.

2.0.34 loss on ignition

Percentage of the original mass represented by the mass lost when dry material is ignited to constant weight at a specified temperature.

2.0.35 particle size distribution

Percentage (by mass, number or volume) represented by each fraction of a powder sample divided into several fractions according to particle size.

2.0.36 environmental pollution

Damage to the environment caused by harmful substances discharged by human production and living activities in excess of the limit of the self-purification capacity of the environment.

2.0.37 fume scrubbing

Process of removing fume dust and harmful components from flue gas.

2.0.38 bulk density

Mass per unit volume of a material in the naturally piled state.

2.0.39 carbon emissions

Average greenhouse gas emissions generated in the production, transport, use and recycling of a product.

2.0.40 ore beneficiation

Technology of concentrating the useful mineral constituents of an ore; also known as useful mineral concentration.

2.0.41 thickening

Process of settling the suspended matter in a liquid by means of thickening equipment.

Remaining clauses in the full document

3 Alumina refinery
4 Carbon material for aluminium production
5 Fluorides for aluminium production
6 Aluminium smelting
7 Magnesium smelting
8 Titanium smelting
Appendix A English index
Appendix B Chinese index
List of quoted standards
Addition: Explanation of provisions

......
This preview omits tables, figures, formulas and parts of the technical clauses. The complete document — 355 pages — is available in the English PDF.

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