GB/T 50109-2014Design code for softening and demineralization of industrial water (English PDF)

2.0.1 Nanofiltration

Membrane screening and filtration technology, the filtration accuracy is 0.001µm~0.01µm.

2.0.2 Electrodeionization

Fill the anion and cation mixed ion exchange resin in the fresh water chamber of the electrodialyzer, combine electrodialysis and ion exchange, remove the ion content in the water, and use the polarization phenomenon in the electrodialysis process to electrochemically regenerate the ion exchange resin.

2.0.3 Softened water softened water

Water from which most or all calcium and magnesium ions have been removed.

3.1 General provisions

3.1.1 The general layout of the water treatment station shall meet the following requirements.

1 It should be close to the main water users, and the laying of water source and water pipelines should be considered at the same time;

2 The transportation should be convenient;

3 It should be far away from places with flying dust such as coal yards and ash yards, and should be located on the windward side of the perennial dominant wind direction of structures that emit harmful gases, smoke, and water mist.

3.1.2 The water treatment station should be an independent building, and it can also be built together with other buildings when conditions permit.

3.1.3 The water treatment station should be equipped with instrument control, chemical analysis, equipment maintenance, drug storage and auxiliary rooms. When there are central laboratories and maintenance workshops, the area of auxiliary rooms can be reduced accordingly.

3.1.4 The expansion project should be designed and arranged in combination with the original systems, equipment layout and actual operation conditions.

3.1.5 Facilities for preventing chemical damage shall be provided in the area where acid-base equipment is arranged.

3.2 Equipment layout

3.2.1 The equipment layout of the water treatment station shall meet the following requirements.

1 It should be arranged in an orderly manner according to the process flow;

2 should save land;

3 The noise interference to the main operating area should be reduced;

4 It should be easy to operate and maintain.

3.2.2 The clarifier (device), filter (device) and various water tanks can be arranged outdoors, and a walkway or operating platform should be arranged on the top. Clarification and filtration equipment in cold or windy areas should be arranged indoors.

3.2.3 The ion exchange equipment for softening and desalination should be arranged indoors. When the water treatment equipment is arranged outdoors, its operation and operation parts, instruments, sampling devices, valves, etc. should be arranged in a centralized manner, and measures should be taken to prevent rain, freeze and sun.

3.2.4 When the softening and desalination ion exchange equipment is arranged face to face, the net distance between the operation channels after the valve is fully opened should not be less than 2m, and should meet the maintenance needs of the equipment. The net width of the patrol inspection channel should not be less than 0.8m, and the net distance between equipment should not be less than 0.4m.

3.2.5 For water treatment equipment and valves that are frequently overhauled, it is advisable to set up an overhaul platform, forklift or lifting device according to their structure, quantity, and weight of lifting parts.

3.2.6 Acid-base storage tanks can be arranged outdoors, and alkali storage tanks in cold regions should be arranged indoors. The acid-base storage tank should be close to the wastewater neutralization tank.

3.2.7 The acid-base storage tank and water treatment chemicals should be stored near the water treatment room and be convenient for transportation.

3.2.8 Drug storage equipment and dosing equipment should be arranged in a separate area or room, and measures such as anti-corrosion and safety protection should be taken, and forced ventilation facilities should be installed indoors.

3.2.9 Air compressors, Roots blowers and water pumps should be arranged in separate rooms, and noise reduction measures should be taken.

3.2.10 The control room and laboratory should have daylighting and lighting, the control room and precision instrument room should be equipped with air-conditioning devices, and other laboratories should be equipped with air-conditioning devices.

3.2.11 Nanofiltration, reverse osmosis, and electric desalination devices should be arranged indoors. When two floors are required due to site constraints, their feed pumps should be arranged on the bottom floor.

3.2.12 There should be room for replacement of filter elements in the arrangement of security filters, and space for replacement of membranes not less than 1.5 times the length of a single membrane element should be left at both ends of nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membrane shells.

3.2.13 The electrostatic desalination device should be arranged reasonably according to its structure, and it should be convenient for maintenance and module replacement. The water supply tank of the electric desalination device should be arranged indoors.

3.3 Piping arrangement

3.3.1 The piping layout shall meet the following requirements.

1.The pipeline should be short, with few accessories, neat and beautiful;

2 It should be convenient for installation and maintenance;

3 It should not affect the lifting and handling of the equipment;

4 Standard pipe fittings should be used;

5 It should not be arranged above the switchboard and control panel.

3.3.2 When laying pipelines buried in the ground, the buried laying depth shall be determined according to conditions such as ground load and frozen soil depth, and the distance between the top of the pipe and the ground shall not be less than 0.7m. Pipelines with strong corrosive media should not be laid underground.

3.3.3 The laying of lime emulsion pipelines shall meet the following requirements.

1 The gradient of the artesian pipe shall not be less than 5%;

2 The flow velocity in the pipe should not be less than 2.5m/s;

3 Pipes should reduce elbows, U-shaped pipes, etc.;

4 The elbows, tees and pipe sections passing through the wall of the pipeline should be flanged;

5 When the length of the horizontal straight pipe exceeds 3m, it shall be connected with flanges in sections.

3.3.4 Pipelines conveying corrosive media such as concentrated acid and lye should not be arranged above pedestrian walkways and rotating equipment. When overhead laying is required, protective covers or baffles should be provided for protection.

3.3.5 The layout height of manually operated valves should not exceed 1.6m, and valves higher than 2m should have transmission devices or operating platforms.

4.1 General provisions

4.1.1 Before designing the industrial water softening and desalination system, the water quantity and water quality data of all available water sources should be obtained, and the water quality analysis report should comply with the provisions of Appendix A of this specification. Representative water quality analysis data should be selected as the design basis, and the required water source data should meet the following requirements.

1 Surface water and reclaimed water should be monthly data in recent years, and should not be less than 12;

2 Groundwater, mine drainage, and seawater should be the quarterly data in recent years, preferably 4 copies.

4.1.2 For surface water, it is necessary to understand the water quality changes and possible pollution in the wet and dry seasons over the years, and obtain corresponding water quality analysis data; The water quality changes caused by it; for mine drainage and groundwater in limestone areas, the stability of water quality should be understood; for reclaimed water, its source and composition should be known, and the advanced treatment of reclaimed water should be understood.

4.1.3 When designing industrial water softening and desalination systems, the user's external water supply volume and water quality requirements should be known, and the requirements for water use and drainage in environmental impact assessment and water resource demonstration should also be understood.

4.1.4 The process selection of industrial water softening and desalination system should be determined after technical and economic comparison based on factors such as water source type, water quality characteristics, external water supply quality requirements, plant site conditions and environmental protection requirements.

4.1.5 The influent water of the softening and desalination equipment shall be pretreated to meet the requirements of the influent water quality of the subsequent process.

4.1.6 The pretreatment process shall be determined according to the water quality of the water source, the water quality requirements of the subsequent treatment process, the treated water volume and test data, and shall refer to the operation experience of similar projects, combined with local conditions, and determine through technical and economic comparison. The water quality requirements for the softening and desalination device shall meet the requirements in Table 4.1.6.

Table 4.1.6 Water Quality Requirements for Softening and Desalting Devices

Note. 1 The inlet water temperature of strong alkali type II resin and acrylic resin should not exceed 35°C;

2 The optimal design water temperature of the reverse osmosis device should be 20°C to 25°C;

3 The chemical oxygen consumption index of the ion exchange desalination device refers to the requirement of using gel-type strong base anion resin, and it can be appropriately relaxed for weak acid and weak base resin;

4 The total dose of chloride ion tolerance within the life of the membrane should be less than 1000h·mg/L;

5.The iron content of the influent of the ion exchange equipment regenerated by hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid should be less than 2mg/L, and the iron content of the influent of the sodium softening ion exchange equipment should be less than 0.3mg/L;

6 The oxidation rate of iron depends on the content of iron, the concentration of dissolved oxygen in water and the pH value of water. When pH5 Drug storage and metering

5.1 General provisions

5.1.1 The storage capacity of chemical drugs should be determined according to factors such as drug properties, consumption, supply, transportation and storage conditions, and should be designed according to the consumption of 15 days to 30 days. When the drug is supplied locally, the storage days can be appropriately reduced; when the drug is transported by rail, it should meet the storage requirements of one tank car or one wagon volume plus 10 days of consumption.

5.1.2 Solid pharmaceuticals...