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GB/T 4802.4-2020Textiles--Determination of the fabric propensity to surface pilling, fuzzing or matting - Part 4: Random tumble pilling method (English PDF)

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Issued by

SAMR; SAC

Level / Type

National · Recommended

Issue date

July 21, 2020

Implementation date

February 1, 2021

Scope

GB/T 4802.4-2020 (Textiles--Determination of the fabric propensity to surface pilling, fuzzing or matting - Part 4: Random tumble pilling method) is available as an English-translated PDF.

GB/T 4802.4-2020 — This Part of GB/T 4802 specifies the method for determining the fuzzing, pilling, matting properties of fabrics using a random tumbling tester. This Part applies to woven and knitted fabrics, including pile fabrics. This Part does not apply to fabrics that do not tumble freely.

Document preview — GB/T 4802.4-2020

National Standard of the People's Republic of China

Issued by: SAMR; SAC

Foreword...3
Introduction...6
1 Scope...7
2 Normative references...7
3 Terms and definitions...7
4 Principle...8
5 Apparatus and materials...8
6 Humidity conditioning and test atmosphere...11
7 Specimen preparation...11
8 Apparatus preparation...12
9 Test procedure...12
10 Rating for fuzzing, pilling and/or matting...13
11 Results...14
12 Test report...14
Appendix A (Normative) Apparatus verification and liner preparation...16
Appendix B (Informative) Optional alternative procedures...17
Appendix C (Informative) Basic principle...18
References...20

Foreword

GB/T 4802 "Textiles - Determination of the fabric propensity to surface pilling, fuzzing

or matting" is divided into 4 parts;

- Part 1.Circular locus method;

- Part 2.Modified Martindale method;

- Part 3.Pilling box method;

- Part 4.Random tumble pilling method.

This Part is Part 4 of GB/T 4802.

This Part was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.

This part replaces GB/T 4802.4-2009 "Textiles - Determination of the fabric propensity

to surface pilling, fuzzing or matting - Part 4.Random tumble pilling method". The

main technical changes, as compared to GB/T 4802.4-2009, are as follows.

- MODIFY the scope of application, adding the inapplicable categories (see Chapter

1; Chapter 1 of the 2009 edition);

- ADD "GB/T 6031-2017" to the normative reference (see Chapter 2; Chapter 2 of

the 2009 edition);

- ADD two terms "jamming, wedging, or entanglement" and "matting" (see 3.4 and

3.5);

- MODIFY the lining material into "polychloroprene lining"; "cork lining" may be

used with approval (see 5.1.2 and 5.2.4; 5.1.1 of the 2009 edition);

- MODIFY the "grey short cotton" engaged in testing into "short-staple cotton

(optional)" (see 5.2.5; 5.4 of the 2009 edition);

- MODIFY the sampling method into sampling "at an angle of approximately 45° to

the warp (longitudinal) or weft (transverse) direction of the fabric" (see 7.2; 7.2.2

of the 2009 edition);

- CHANGE the test procedure from "place one specimen in each test chamber" into

that "place 3 specimens of the same sample in one test chamber" (see 9.3; 8.2 of

the 2009 edition);

- CHANGE the test time from 30 minutes to three test stages of 5 minutes, 15

minutes, 30 minutes (see 9.4; 8.2 of the 2009 edition);

Textiles - Determination of the fabric propensity to surface

pilling, fuzzing or matting - Part 4.Random tumble pilling

method

1 Scope

This Part of GB/T 4802 specifies the method for determining the fuzzing, pilling,

matting properties of fabrics using a random tumbling tester.

This Part applies to woven and knitted fabrics, including pile fabrics.

This Part does not apply to fabrics that do not tumble freely.

2 Normative references

The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For

dated references, only the dated version applies. For undated references, the latest

version (including all amendments) applies.

GB/T 6031-2017 Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic - Determination of hardness

(hardness between 10 IRHD and 100 IRHD) (ISO 48.2010, IDT)

GB/T 6529 Textiles - Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing (GB/T

6529-2008, ISO 139.2005, MOD)

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.

3.1

Fuzzing

A visible surface change on a fabric resulting from protruding fibers or fiber ends

forming a fuzzy appearance.

Note. This change may occur during washing, dry cleaning, wear, or use.

3.2

Pills

Dense, light-impermeable balls that project from the fabric surface and form

shadows due to the entanglement of fibers.

Note. Pilling may occur during washing, dry cleaning, wear, or use.

3.3

Pilling

The process by which pilling occurs on the fabric surface.

3.4

Jamming, wedging, or entanglement

The specimen is wrapped around the impeller or attached to the inner wall of the

test chamber, preventing it from tumbling freely.

3.5

Matting

The visible surface change caused by the entanglement of fibers protruding from the

surface of a pile fabric, forming a disordered arrangement.

4 Principle

Under specified conditions, the specimen is randomly tumbled in a cylindrical test

chamber lined with a lining material. After a specified test time, the fabric is visually

evaluated for fuzzing, pilling, matting.

Note 1.Any special treatment of the specimen (e.g., washing, cleaning) may be agreed upon by

the parties involved and noted in the test report.

Note 2.Appendix C explains the basic principles of different test methods for fabric pilling

performance and the types of products they are applicable to.

5 Apparatus and materials

5.1 Apparatus

5.1.1 Random tumble tester

The apparatus consists of one or more horizontally placed cylindrical test chambers,

which have an internal depth of (152.4 +/- 1.0) mm and a diameter of (146 +/- 1) mm. Each

chamber has a horizontal shaft with an impeller in the center, capable of rotating at 1200

r/min. The apparatus must be capable of continuously tumbling the specimens, to

Used to cut square or circular specimens with a test area of (100 +/- 2) cm2.

Note. Studies have shown that specimen shape has no effect on test results.

5.2.3 Standard rating sample (optional)

Contains a photograph showing the pilling severity from grade 1 to grade 5.The sample

size shall be consistent with the specimen.

5.2.4 Cork lining (optional)

With the consent of the relevant parties, a cork lining may be used to substitute the

polychloroprene lining (see 5.1.2).

Note. The test time for testing with a cork lining is twice that specified in 9.4.The cork lining

can be used on both sides and shall be replaced after 1 hour of use on each side.

5.2.5 Short-staple cotton (optional)

With the consent of the relevant parties, short-staple cotton may be used to enhance the

visual effect of the pilling condition.

6 Humidity conditioning and test atmosphere

The humidity conditioning and test atmosphere shall be the standard atmosphere

specified in GB/T 6529.

Note. The specimens should be conditioned for at least 16 hours before testing.

7 Specimen preparation

7.1 Pretreatment

Before cutting specimens, samples may be washed or dry-cleaned, depending on their

end use or as agreed upon by the parties concerned.

Note 1.The procedures in GB/T 8629 or GB/T 19981 are appropriate (see references).

Note 2.Lubricants or finishes in the samples that may contaminate the polychloroprene lining

and impeller may cause inconsistent test results. To protect the friction surfaces of the

polychloroprene lining and impeller, washing or dry-cleaning the specimens is recommended.

If washing or dry-cleaning is performed, evaluate the specimens before and after

pretreatment according to the rating procedure specified in Chapter 10.

7.2 Sampling

Cut square specimens measuring 100 mm x 100 mm at approximately 45° to the warp

(longitudinal) or weft (transverse) direction of the fabric. Circular specimens with an

area of 100 cm2 may be used with the agreement of the parties concerned.

Samples shall be taken evenly across the width of the fabric or staggered from three

different garment panels. Avoid having two specimens with the same warp or weft yarn.

Specimens shall be representative and avoid wrinkles and defects. Unless otherwise

specified, do not cut specimens near the edge of the fabric (the distance from the edge

shall be no less than 1/10 of the fabric width).

Use minimal force to avoid stretching the specimen.

7.3 Specimen edge sealing

To prevent specimen edges from fraying or unraveling during testing, seal the edges of

the specimen with adhesive. The width of the seal shall not exceed 3 mm. Allow the

specimen to dry completely (at least 2 hours) before testing.

7.4 Number and marking of specimens

Cut 4 specimens, number 3 specimens on the reverse side for testing. The 4th specimen

is used for rating reference, it is not for testing and not need to be edge-sealed.

See Appendix B for an alternative sampling method. Cut 6 specimens, 5 of which are

used for testing, and the 6th for rating reference.

8 Apparatus preparation

Both sides of the polychloroprene liner can be used for testing. After both sides have

been tested, the liner shall be removed and then cleaned and dried according to the

requirements of A.2.1 in Appendix A. New polychloroprene liners shall be run-in

according to the procedures in A.2.2.If the test results of a known graded in-house

standard fabric differ significantly from the original results (grade 1 or above), use of

the liner shall be discontinued immediately.

9 Test procedure

9.1 Condition the specimen and polychloroprene liner according to the requirements of

Chapter 6.All tests shall be conducted in a standard atmosphere.

9.2 Install the polychloroprene liner accurately and evenly in the test chamber, ensuring

a tight fit and no misalignment during testing.

9.3 Place 3 specimens from the same sample in a single test chamber for testing.

Note. If necessary, place a piece of short-staple cotton approximately 6 mm long and weighing

a) Part number;

b) Description of the test sample;

c) If necessary, description of the pretreatment of the test sample;

d) Number of specimens;

e) Specimen shape (square or round);

f) Test time;

g) Number of raters;

h) If necessary, reporting of the fuzzing, pilling, matting ratings of each test sample

at each test stage;

i) Any other surface changes (e.g., curling) of the specimen;

j) The final fuzzing, pilling, matting ratings of the test sample at the last test stage;

if necessary, give the final fuzzing, pilling, matting ratings of the test sample at

each stage; if necessary, the lowest value of the fuzzing, pilling, matting ratings

shall be reported as the overall rating result;

k) Test date;

l) Type of lining used;

m) Whether short-staple cotton is added;

n) If an air compressor or plastic impeller is used, indicate it;

o) Whether a rating sample photo is used;

p) Any details that deviate from this Part.

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This preview omits tables, figures, formulas and parts of the technical clauses. The complete document — all pages — is available in the English PDF.

Referenced standards

Normative references

GB/T 6031-2017 · ISO 48.2010 · GB/T 6529 · ISO 139.2005

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