GB/T 47530-2026Industrial design - Guidelines for the evaluation of product form design (English PDF)

5.2 Structural Elements

5.2.1 Aesthetic Harmony Evaluate the unity and visual balance of the product's geometric form, including but not limited to.

---Consistency in geometric language, such as when the overall design uses curves, there should be no abrupt straight lines interfering with local components;

---Outline integrity, such as the overall product outline without fragmented design, forming a visually organic whole;

---Feature echoing, such as the curvature of edges and corners, and the hollow structure, maintains a consistent style among the components. The focus of form coordination is on the sense of order and integrity in the design, avoiding visual fragmentation.

5.2.2 Proportional Adaptability Evaluating the scientific validity and suitability of product size proportions, including but not limited to.

---Overall proportional balance, such as the length, width and height ratio conforming to the golden ratio or the aesthetic preferences of the target users, with no obvious proportional imbalance;

---Component size coordination, such as a reasonable ratio between the screen and the bezel size, so as not to affect the use and visual experience;

---Scale adaptability. Based on ergonomic data and functional requirements, the overall scale of the product is determined. Proportional adaptability focuses on how proportion and scale support both functional use and visual aesthetics.

5.2.3 Rationality of Structural Layout Evaluate the spatial planning effectiveness of the product's internal and external structures, including but not limited to.

---Efficient internal space utilization, such as compact component arrangement with no redundant space, enables product lightweighting and miniaturization;

---External operational accessibility, such as frequently used operating components being within easy reach of the user without any interference;

---Structural stability, such as uniform center of gravity distribution, makes it difficult to tip over when placed; the structure has no risk of loosening under vibration. The rationality of structural layout focuses on the supporting role of spatial layout in realizing functions and facilitating use.

5.2.4 Refinement of Connection Transition Evaluate the finishing of the connection methods and transition forms between various components of the product, including but not limited to.

---Seam treatment, such as uniform seam width, high alignment, and no misalignment or excessively large seams;

5.3 Elements of Aesthetic Expression

5.3.1 Clarity of semantic meaning in form Evaluate the effect of form elements on the communication of aesthetics, function, and brand value, including but not limited to.

---Artistic style with artistic form and clear expression, possessing definite aesthetic significance and creating a unique aesthetic experience;

---Functional cues, such as raised shapes indicating buttons and recessed shapes indicating placement areas, allow users to quickly anticipate usage through visual perception. Way;

---Brand DNA Alignment. The form design should incorporate the brand's core design language;

---Emotional transmission, such as rounded shapes conveying a sense of approachability, and angular shapes conveying a sense of professionalism, which aligns with the emotional needs of the target users. The semantic clarity of form focuses on the "visual communication" ability of the form, reducing the learning cost for users and conveying aesthetic value.

5.3.2 Color compatibility Evaluate the rationality and suitability of the product's color scheme, including but not limited to.

---Color scheme coordination, with a balanced proportion of primary, secondary, and accent colors, and no color clashes;

---The suitability of the scenario and the user, such as using low-saturation, calming colors for office products and bright, lively colors for children's products;

---Functionality and cultural compatibility, such as using red for warning functions and soft colors for medical products, while avoiding color taboos in the target market;

---Practicality, such as the surface color being dirt-resistant and wear-resistant, with no obvious fading after long-term use. Color compatibility focuses on the unity of functionality, emotion, and practicality of color.

5.3.3 Material Texture Matching Evaluate the compatibility between material selection and application, including but not limited to.

---Materials should match the product's positioning; for example, high-end products may use high-quality materials such as metal and glass, while affordable products may use cost-effective materials such as environmentally friendly plastics. Material;

---Textural effects, such as brushed metal conveying a sense of technology and fabric conveying a sense of warmth, with the texture of the materials matching the core character of the product;

---The harmonious combination of materials ensures a natural transition in texture when multiple materials are combined, without any visual or tactile conflict, such as the combination of a metal frame and a glass back panel. The transitions are smooth. Material texture matching focuses on the supporting role of materials in product positioning and emotional expression.

5.4 Elements of Human-Computer Interaction

5.4.1 Operational comfort Evaluate the user's physiological experience during use, including but not limited to.

---Grip fit. The device's shape conforms to the curve of the palm, with even pressure distribution and no localized pressure.

---Smooth operation, such as button travel, knob damping, and touch area sensitivity adapted to user's force application habits, making operation effortless;

---Fatigue after prolonged use. No significant hand soreness or muscle tension after continuous use for more than 2 hours. Operational comfort focuses on how the form factor ensures the user's physiological comfort.

5.4.2 Cognitive Guidance. Intuition The guiding effect of evaluation formats on users' cognitive processes includes, but is not limited to.

---Using logical identification, such as differentiating functional areas through shape differences and highlighting the form of core operating components, users can easily identify the functions without a manual. The usage process can be quickly understood;

---Visual guidance, such as using elements like color contrast, texture variation, and raised shapes, guides users to operate according to preset logic;

---Clear interactive feedback, such as clear changes in shape or tactile feedback after operation, so that users can perceive the effect of the operation. The intuitiveness of cognitive guidance focuses on the role of form in reducing the cognitive load on users.

5.4.3 Effectiveness of security protection Evaluate the ability of form design to mitigate usage risks, including but not limited to.

---Physical safety features, such as rounded edges to prevent bumps and injuries, concealed sharp parts, and anti-slip bottoms for heavy products. Pour;

---Safety features, such as anti-electric shock design for electrical interfaces, heat insulation for high-temperature components, and anti-swallowing and anti-accidental contact features for child-friendly products;

---Environmental safety, such as drop protection and waterproof sealing for outdoor products, and corrosion protection for products used in humid environments. The effectiveness of security protection focuses on the role of form in ensuring the safety of users and the environment.

5.4.4 Multi-scenario adaptability The evaluation format should assess its compatibility with diverse usage scenarios, including but not limited to.

---Adaptation to general scenarios, such as adapting a foldable laptop to desktop and lap use, and a phone stand to adapt to landscape and portrait viewing. Screen operation;

5.5 Functional Integration Elements

5.5.1 Core Functionality Compliance The evaluation format plays a crucial role in ensuring the realization of core product functions, including but not limited to.

---The spatial adaptation of functional modules, such as the shape design of the camera lens extension space and battery storage area, does not affect the performance of the functional modules;

---Functional implementation efficiency, such as optimizing airflow speed in a hair dryer's air duct design, improving sound quality in a speaker's cavity design, and form design contributing to core functions. High efficiency;

---Functional stability, such as the shockproof design of precision instruments and the drop-resistant structure of mobile products, ensures that core functions operate normally in complex environments. Core functionality compliance focuses on the deep integration between form and core functionality.

5.5.2 Accessibility The evaluation form's compatibility and integration with assistive functions includes, but is not limited to.

---The interface and port design, such as the ease of plugging and unplugging charging and data ports, ensures that multiple interfaces are laid out without interference, and that the design is integrated with the body. Strengthening;

---Adapted to functions such as heat dissipation/storage, with the location and shape of heat dissipation holes designed not to affect grip or aesthetics, and a form factor that allows for cable management. Improve portability;

---Auxiliary functions do not interfere with core functions; for example, indicator lights do not obstruct the user's view, and cooling fans do not generate additional noise. Accessibility compatibility focuses on the synergy between accessibility features and core features.

5.5.3 Functionality Extension Compatibility The evaluation format supports product feature upgrades and personalization needs, including but not limited to.

---Modular design for easy adaptation, independent functional modules, standardized interface design, facilitating fault replacement and functional upgrades;

--- Compatible with external devices, such as phone cases that support wireless charging and computer cases that support hardware expansion;

---Personalized adaptation, such as replaceable decorative panels and customized functional modules, to meet users' personalized needs. Functional expansion and compatibility focus on the role of form factor in extending the product lifecycle.

5.6 Process and Material Elements

5.6.1 Feasibility of Process Adaptation Evaluation of the compatibility between form factor and mass production process, including but not limited to.

---Mass production process compatibility; the form design conforms to the processing range of existing injection molding, stamping, die casting, etc., such as avoiding over-processing in injection molding. Complex internal surfaces;

---Machining accuracy is achievable; dimensional tolerances and surface accuracy requirements are within the range of processing capabilities.

---Adapting production efficiency, such as simplifying the shape to reduce processing steps, unifying shape elements to reduce mold complexity, and improving production efficiency. The feasibility of process adaptation focuses on the matching degree between the form design and the production process.

5.6.2 Material processing adaptability The evaluation criteria include the degree of fit between the morphology and the physical properties of the selected material, including but not limited to.

---Material properties are adapted; for example, metal materials can be adapted to complex curved surfaces and high-precision machining, and the shape can take into account both texture and strength; glass materials Avoid overly thin or sharp structures to prevent breakage;

---Processing difficulty is controllable, and the shape design matches the material's ductility, flowability, rigidity, and other properties, such as the use of injection molding flowability in plastic materials. To achieve complex structures and avoid excessively high scrap rates due to conflicts between shape and materials;

---Making full use of material properties, such as the lightweight design of carbon fiber materials, to give full play to their advantages of high strength and low weight. Material processing adaptability focuses on the role of morphology in optimizing and ensuring material performance.

5.6.3 Cost controllability in mass production Evaluate the impact of form factor design on manufacturing costs, including but not limited to.

---Material cost balance, avoiding excessive use of high-end materials, and improving the texture of low-cost materials through form optimization;

---Mold costs are controllable, reducing the complexity of curved surfaces and the number of parts, thus lowering the difficulty and cost of mold development;

---Optimize processing and assembly costs, design a form and structure that facilitates rapid assembly, and reduce labor costs. The key focus of cost and mass production control is ensuring that the form design meets functional and aesthetic requirements while also aligning with mass production cost budgets.

5.7 Green Design Elements

5.7.1 Compatibility with environmentally friendly materials Evaluation of the adaptability of the form to the application of environmentally friendly materials, including but not limited to.

---Adaptable to environmentally friendly materials, with a form factor design compatible with the processing characteristics of recyclable plastics, recycled metals, biodegradable materials, and other environmentally friendly materials. Structural conflict;

---Detachable and separable designs, such as modular structures and glue-free splicing designs, facilitate material sorting and recycling after product disposal;

---Prioritize single materials, reduce the use of multiple materials, and reduce the difficulty of recycling and sorting. For example, the machine body can be made of a single recyclable plastic material. The compatibility of environmentally friendly materials focuses on the role of form in improving the application and recycling efficiency of environmentally friendly materials.

5.7.2 Lifecycle Optimization The evaluation method assesses the optimization effect of the product's form on the environmental impact throughout its entire life cycle (production, use, and disposal), including but not limited to.

---During the production stage, simplified forms reduce processing energy consumption and material waste, such as one-piece molding designs that reduce splicing processes;

---During use, streamlined shapes reduce energy consumption of home appliances, and lightweight shapes reduce energy consumption of mobile products;

---During the disposal phase, the detachable form increases the material recycling rate, and the design without toxic or harmful substances reduces environmental pollution. The optimization of the entire life cycle focuses on the environmental value of the form throughout its entire life cycle.

5.7.3 Modular maintainability The evaluation criteria support the product repair and upgrade capabilities, including but not limited to.

---Ease of replacing faulty modules. For example, functional modules are independently packaged and can be quickly disassembled using a snap-fit design, requiring no special tools;

---Functional upgrade and scalability, such as the ability to replace and upgrade core modules;

---Resource conservation reduces the scrapping of entire products due to partial failures, thereby reducing resource waste, such as the modular circuit board design of home appliances. design. Modular maintainability focuses on the role of form in supporting the long-term value of a product and resource conservation.

6.2 Evaluation Process

6.2.1 Overview Industrial design product form design evaluation can target one or more characteristics of the product form, selectively evaluating single indicators or multiple indicators. The evaluation process includes pre-evaluation preparation, selection of the evaluation indicator system, selection of evaluation methods, determination of indicator weights, and implementation of the evaluation. The process includes steps such as providing an evaluation report, and the workflow is shown in Figure 1. Figure