GB/T 47411-2026Evaluation of district energy systems (English PDF)

4.1 General Provisions

4.1.1 The regional energy system should be structured with different subsystems according to project requirements, and the evaluation should have clear physical boundaries. Regional energy system demonstration... The intention is shown in Figure 1. Index number explanation. Physical connections for energy transmission and distribution; Information flow. Figure

4.2 Evaluation and Grading

4.2.1 The evaluation index system for regional energy systems shall comply with the following provisions.

a) It should consist of six categories of indicators. safety and reliability, high efficiency and low carbon emissions, intelligent control, flexibility, operation and management, and economic benefits. The evaluation criteria should include control items and scoring items; the evaluation indicator system should include bonus points for improvement and innovation.

b) The evaluation result of the control item should be either "meeting the standard" or "not meeting the standard," and the evaluation result of the scoring item and bonus item should be a score.

c) The evaluation process does not include assessment of operational management indicators;

d) During the operational evaluation, an operational management evaluation should be conducted based on the design evaluation.

4.2.2 The evaluation score for the regional energy system shall comply with the provisions of Table 1.

4.2.3 The total score for the regional energy system design evaluation shall be calculated according to formula (1), and the total score for the operation evaluation shall be calculated according to formula (2). calculate.

4.2.4 When a regional energy system has clauses that are not included in the evaluation, the total evaluation score should be calculated by dividing the actual score of the included clause by the applicable energy system score. The total score of the source system is then multiplied by 100 points.

4.2.5 Regional energy system evaluation is divided into three levels. one-star, two-star, and three-star, and shall be determined according to the following provisions.

a) Regional energy systems at three levels-one-star, two-star, and three-star-must comply with all control requirements outlined in this document;

b) For the regional energy system at three levels (one-star, two-star, and three-star), the score for each of the six categories of indicators should not be less than [amount missing]. Its evaluation score is 30% of the total score of the evaluation items; otherwise, it will be downgraded by one level from the original evaluation level.

c) When the total score reaches 60, 70 and 85 points respectively, it is judged as one-star, two-star and three-star respectively.

5.1 Control Items

5.1.1 Energy stations should be located far from geologically hazardous areas such as landslides and debris flows. Areas prone to flooding should have reliable flood control infrastructure. Avoid threats from hazardous chemicals and flammable and explosive sources.

5.1.2 The area should have external supporting supply facilities such as power, water, and gas to meet the needs of production and daily life.

5.1.3 The area should have convenient transportation conditions to facilitate equipment transport and hoisting; the layout of the energy station should meet the needs of transporting large equipment and pipelines. Space requirements for transmission channels, installation, maintenance, and replacement.

5.1.4 The power supply within the area shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB 55024 to ensure the safety of electrical loads. Primary electrical loads shall be supplied by two... Powered by a single power source.

5.1.5 The electrical connection scheme, grid connection point selection, and protection configuration of the energy station shall comply with the regulations of the power sector and ensure the safety and stability of the regional power grid. Its operation does not pose a threat.

5.1.6 The fire compartmentation, internal materials used, and fire-fighting measures of the energy station shall meet the requirements of fire safety.

5.1.7 Energy stations shall take measures for sound insulation, sound absorption and vibration isolation.

5.1.8 Energy stations should develop emergency response plans and emergency support measures, and emergency equipment should be in place.

5.1.9 Energy stations shall be equipped with leak detection and alarm devices according to the type and characteristics of fuels and refrigerants, and these devices shall be interlocked with the emergency ventilation system.

5.1.10 The regional energy system should be coordinated with the region's overall plan, regulatory detailed plan, municipal infrastructure design plan, etc.

5.1.11 Feasibility studies should be conducted for regional energy systems, and implementation is only permitted after demonstration and review.

5.2 Resource Conditions

5.2.1 Conduct suitability analysis and resource assessment of the region and surrounding resources, and utilize at least one renewable energy source or surplus energy. 10 points.

5.2.2 Based on local energy conditions, service scale, purpose and function, construction progress, and usage characteristics, conduct technical analysis of various energy solutions. Economic comparison, 10 points.

5.2.3 A multi-energy complementary integrated energy system has been constructed in the region, scoring 6 points.

5.3 Energy Station

5.3.1 The energy station should be located near the load center and far away from noise-sensitive buildings and areas; for energy stations that emit exhaust gases, consideration should be given to setting up... 6 points are awarded on the downwind side of the wind direction with the highest frequency during seasonal operation.

5.3.2 When multiple energy stations need to be set up in a region according to the approved master plan, they shall be scored separately and accumulated according to the following rules, with a total evaluation score of 8. Points. If the region does not involve multiple energy stations, this clause will not be evaluated.

a) Combining short-term and long-term construction according to the construction sequence, 4 points.

b) Each energy station complements and serves as a backup for the others, earning 4 points.

5.3.3 Individual energy stations should be constructed in phases according to the annual grid connection status of their service recipients, and scores should be accumulated according to the following rules. The total score is 12 points. If the construction is not carried out in phases, this clause will not be evaluated.

a) Conduct a feasibility analysis for phased construction, 4 points.

b) Reserved for expandable and scalable space, 4 points.

c) Reserve space for the transportation, installation, maintenance and replacement of large equipment and pipelines, 4 points.

5.3.4 The energy station building shall be independently located or attached to other buildings, with a floor height of 6m or more or a net height of 3m or more along the lower edge of the pipeline, and sufficient maintenance space. Reasonable, 5 points.

5.3.5 The key energy loads of the energy station are guaranteed by dual supply lines, scoring 5 points.

5.3.6 The energy station is equipped with overload, overpressure, overtemperature, and short-circuit fault protection devices and interlocking control functions according to the equipment characteristics, and the protection actions are accurate. Accurate and reliable, 4 points.

5.3.7 The regional energy power generation system has grid-connected and off-grid control functions, which will earn 4 points; if there is no power generation system, this clause will not be evaluated.

5.4 Transmission and Distribution Network

5.4.1 The power transmission and distribution network is comprehensively planned in conjunction with urban underground space, with priority given to the use of underground integrated pipe corridors, earning 4 points; if there is no underground space in the area... Integrated utility tunnels are not eligible for evaluation under this clause.

5.4.2 Based on factors such as the location of the energy station, load distribution, other pipelines and structures, green spaces, hydrological and geological conditions, from technical and economic perspectives... A comparison of various power transmission and distribution network layout schemes is given, scoring 5 points.

5.4.3 The main transmission and distribution network crosses areas with relatively concentrated loads, earning 5 points.

5.4.4 The transmission and distribution network is equipped with a pipeline leakage monitoring system or leakage protection device, which is worth 6 points.

5.4.5 The power transmission and distribution network is reasonably equipped with segmented valves, which can be shut off in time when a fault occurs, earning 3 points.

5.5 Supply and Demand Matching

5.5.1 By combining measured data from other local projects with building simulation data within the region, and based on the project construction progress, near-term... Long-term load forecast. 6 points.

5.5.2 Calculate the hourly load and annual cumulative load. The total evaluation score is 9 points, and the scores are calculated and accumulated according to the following rules.

a) Calculate the hourly load for the design day based on energy supply capacity, building type, occupancy rate, and simultaneous use factor, and you will receive 4 points;

b) Calculate the annual dynamic load and annual cumulative load, and you will get 5 points.

5.5.3 The regional energy system is able to respond promptly to changes in load at the end point, scoring 8 points.

5.5.4 The quality and grade of energy supply match the end-user demand, scoring 4 points.

6.1 Control Items

6.1.1 Feasibility study reports, construction plans, and preliminary design documents for regional energy construction projects should include regional energy demand and renewable energy requirements. Analysis of energy source utilization and carbon emissions from regional energy systems; construction drawing design documents should clearly define energy conservation, carbon reduction, and energy utilization operation and management technologies. Technical requirements.

6.1.2 The regional energy consumption pattern should follow the principle of giving priority to the use of surplus energy and electricity, using natural gas with caution, and not using coal for scattered burning.

6.2 System Solution

6.2.1 The regional energy system utilizes renewable energy in accordance with its resource endowment and local conditions. The total evaluation score is 13 points, and it is evaluated according to the following rules. Rate and accumulate.

a) Install solar photovoltaic systems on building roofs, facades, in parks, squares, parking lots, municipal facilities, public transportation stops, and other similar locations. 5 points are awarded if the installed capacity is not less than 5% of the energy station's capacity.

b) Adhering to the principles of "adapting to local conditions, intensive development, strengthened supervision, and safety and environmental protection," various types of heat pump utilization shall be carried out, with an installed capacity of not less than [amount missing]. 50% of the installed capacity of the heating equipment in the energy station will receive 8 points; if there is no heating demand in the area, this clause will not be evaluated.

6.2.2 The regional energy system adopts energy storage technology, and the reasonable energy storage capacity is determined through technical and economic comparisons, which scores 9 points.

6.2.3 The energy supply range and scale of the energy station shall be reasonably determined based on construction conditions and energy demand. The total evaluation score is 10 points, and shall be determined according to the following rules. Scoring and accumulating scores.

a) If at least two building types and functions are included, and the plot ratio is greater than 2.0, 4 points will be awarded;

b) A single energy station with a building area of less than 2 million m2 receives 3 points;

c) If the cooling radius is less than 1.5km, 3 points will be awarded; if there is no cooling demand in the area, this clause will not be evaluated.

6.2.4 The regional transmission and distribution system adopts measures such as variable frequency speed control water pumps or distributed water pumps to effectively reduce the energy consumption of the system transmission and distribution, which scores 6 points.

6.2.5 When optimizing and calculating the regional energy system, in addition to considering the performance parameters under design conditions, the operation of the system should also be taken into account during equipment selection. Performance under varying operating conditions. 6 points.

6.2.6 The vapor compression cycle chiller (heat pump) unit uses a refrigerant with a Global Warming Potential (GWP) of less than 750, and adopts... Effective leak prevention measures, 6 points.

6.3 Technical Specifications

6.3.1 Renewable energy should be utilized rationally in accordance with local climate and natural conditions. The utilization rate of renewable energy should meet the standards in GB/T 51350-2019. Calculate in Appendix A and score according to the rules in Table 2.

6.3.2 Regional energy projects shall take measures to increase the utilization rate of electrical equipment. The electricity utilization rate shall be calculated according to A.1 in Appendix A, and shall be calculated according to... Table 3 shows the rule scores.

6.3.4 High-efficiency heat and cold source equipment shall be selected. The performance of heat pumps and chillers shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB 19577 and the rules in Table 5. score.

6.3.5 Select a reasonable type of cold source and supply/return water temperature for the cold source system. The overall energy effect of the cold source system shall be calculated according to A.3, and as per Tables 6 and 7. The scoring rules apply. If there is no cooling demand in the area, this clause will not be evaluated.

6.3.6 The heat source system shall adopt an efficient and low-carbon heating method according to local conditions. The primary energy utilization rate of the heat source system shall be calculated according to A.4 and as per Table 8. The scoring rules apply. If there is no heating demand in the area, this clause will not be evaluated.

6.3.7 Adopt green and low-carbon technologies to carry out clean and low-carbon energy substitution, reduce the carbon emission intensity of the regional energy system, and reduce the carbon emissions of the regional energy system. The intensity of the radiation is scored according to the following rules.

a) In the building sector, the carbon emission intensity of regional energy systems should be calculated as A.5 and scored according to the rules in Table 9;

b) For the industrial sector, the carbon emission intensity of the regional energy system should be scored according to the rules in Table 10.

6.3.8 The regional energy system adopts large temperature difference cooling and heating to reduce transmission and distribution energy consumption. The proportion of transmission and distribution energy consumption to total energy consumption shall be determined according to the rules in Table 11. score.

6.3.9 Reasonably set the energy supply radius and select appropriate insulation materials and thicknesses to reduce heat loss during pipeline transportation and distribution. The loss rate should be calculated according to A.6 and scored according to the rules in Table 12.

6.3.10 Selecting an energy-efficient three-phase distribution transformer, with the transformer energy efficiency rating reaching Level 2 as specified in GB.20052, earns 3 points; According to GB.20052, Level 1, you get 6 points.

6.3.11 The power distribution system network architecture adopts a multi-ring network power supply, and the power supply reliability reaches 99.999%, which scores 6 points.

6.3.12 The total score for adopting reactive power compensation technology measures is 7 points, and the scores are calculated and accumulated according to the following rules.

a) The substation uses a centralized reactive power compensation device, and the power factor on the low-voltage side is not less than 0.95, earning 3 points;

7.1 Control Items

7.1.1 The regional energy system should have the functions of sub-item metering and separate metering of key energy-consuming equipment, and the metering instruments should comply with GB 17167. The relevant provisions of GB/T 29871 and GB/T 38692.

7.1.2 The regional energy system should have remote display and alarm, safety protection, automatic monitoring, and optimized control functions.

7.2 Measurement and Monitoring

7.2.1 Metering is performed on the energy supply side, production capacity side, transmission and distribution side, and demand side of energy stations within the region. Metering all of the following items will earn 15 points.

a) Total cooling (heating) supply and fuel consumption of the energy station.

b) The power generation, consumption, grid connection, and grid connection of combined cooling, heating and power systems and renewable energy systems, as well as the charging and discharging of energy storage devices.

c) Power and power consumption of major equipment such as chiller (heat pump) units, electric boilers, air source heat pumps, and cooling towers.

d) Power and electricity consumption of circulating water pumps and makeup water pumps at all levels of the energy station and heat exchange station.

e) Total cooling (heating) capacity at heat exchange stations and building entrances.

f) The amount of hot water produced by the solar thermal system, the power of the water pump, and the power consumption.

g) System water replenishment.

7.2.2 Monitor key parameters of the energy station and transmit them remotely. 5 points will be awarded for monitoring 4 of the following items; 10 points will be awarded for monitoring 6 items. 15 points; 7 items were monitored, and 15 points were obtained.

a) Inlet and outlet temperatures, pressures, and flow rates of the main and branch pipelines of the power supply system.

b) Voltage, current, power factor, active power, and cumulative power consumption at the main high-voltage and low-voltage incoming line cabinets and branch incoming line cabinets.

c) Energy consumption of major equipment.

d) Electricity generation and consumption of renewable energy power generation systems; heat supply of renewable energy heating systems and heat extraction from low-grade heat sources.

e) Heat exchanger inlet and outlet temperatures, pressures, instantaneous flow rates, and cumulative flow rates.

7.3 Evaluation Indicators

7.3.1 Employing information technology and artificial intelligence technology for smart energy operation management to achieve efficient energy dispatch and control; smart energy... Source operation management coverage should be calculated according to A.7.The total evaluation score is 15 points, scored according to the rules in Table 13.

7.3.2 The energy station shall be equipped with an energy management platform to continuously optimize, diagnose, and provide feedback on the regional energy system, achieving 4 of the following functions. 10 points for completing 6 items; 20 points for completing 6 items; 30 points for completing 8 items.

a) Monitor and display operating parameters and equipment status in real time, and record and store all operating and related data for more than 5 years.

b) Set up functional modules such as load forecasting, equipment modeling, control algorithms, and unit group control to achieve optimized control.

c) Utilize artificial intelligence methods to conduct data analysis and achieve real-time monitoring, diagnosis, and handling of system faults.

d) Automatic generation of parameter lists, fault lists, graphs, operation logs, and various reports.

e) Consumption records, analysis, and management functions for cold, heat, electricity, gas, steam, water, etc.

f) Calculate and statistically analyze equipment energy efficiency, system energy efficiency, operating costs, etc., and output data reports.

g) Operator access control functions and data sharing functions with other intelligent systems.

h) Establish carbon emission management to achieve energy control and dispatch functions.

8.1 Control Items

8.1.1 The flexible regulation of the regional energy system should prioritize the safety of users' energy consumption and should not exceed the regulation range allowed by equipment safety.

8.1.2 Regional energy systems should have flexible resources to support grid interaction and response needs.

8.2 Flexible Resources

8.2.1 Regional energy systems should adopt flexible adjustment measures in all aspects of energy supply, energy storage, and energy consumption to improve system flexibility. Adjustment ability, with a total score of 23 points, is scored and accumulated according to the following rules.

a) Local renewable energy generation is prioritized for use in the regional energy system, and the installed capacity is not less than 1MW, earning 8 points;

b) Employ energy storage technologies and equipment with peak-shaving and valley-filling functions to achieve the transfer and storage of cold (heat) energy and electrical energy, thereby enhancing the system's reliability. Reliability and independence, score 8 points;

c) Utilizing the cold and heat storage capacity of the building envelope, distribution network, and HVAC system terminal equipment, or the orderly operation of electric vehicles. The charging function, etc., scores 7 points.

8.2.2 A regional energy system participating in one of the following flexible regulation methods earns 10 points; participating in two flexible regulation methods earns 18 points; participating in three... A score of 25 is awarded for flexible adjustment methods of 20 or above.

a) Based on price information such as time-of-use pricing, peak-valley pricing, and peak pricing, proactively adjust the operation status of flexible resources.

b) Participate directly or through load aggregators or virtual power plant operators in day-ahead demand response.

c) Directly participate in or participate in real-time demand response through load aggregators or virtual power plant operators.

d) Participate in the ancillary services market and capacity market.

8.3 Evaluation Indicators

8.3.1 Measures shall be taken to improve the flexible regulation capacity of the regional energy system. The maximum regulation capacity ratio shall be calculated according to A.8 and as per Table 14. The rules are scored, and the total score is 16 points.

9.1 Control Items

9.1.1 The operation and management unit shall establish and improve its operation and management system, safe operating procedures, energy service management system, and emergency response plan management system. The system is continuously iterated and optimized.

9.1.2 All professional and technical service personnel should be fully staffed, receive regular technical training, and hold valid certificates in accordance with relevant national regulations before taking up their posts.

9.1.3 Safety protection and safeguards in the regional energy system should be inspected regularly, including fire extinguishing systems, refrigerant leak alarm devices, and emergency ventilation systems. The system, leakage protection device, overload protection device, high temperature and high pressure protection device, etc. should be in normal and effective function, and complete inspection records should be kept.

9.2 Operations Management

9.2.1 Establish an intelligent operation and management system to realize intelligent operation and maintenance functions such as proactive inspection work order dispatch, fault alarm, and record query, and to evaluate performance. It is worth 6 points.

9.2.2 Regular maintenance, upkeep, and repair of the main equipment, accessories, pipelines, and control systems of the regional energy system, including thermometers, pressure gauges, and flow meters. Sensors in instruments such as level gauges and liquid level gauges are functioning normally, and are regularly calibrated, verified, and maintained, with complete maintenance and calibration records kept. The total score is 7 points.

9.2.3 Regularly inspect equipment such as heat and cold sources, circulating water pumps, cooling towers, and renewable energy utilization facilities, and conduct equipment maintenance based on monitoring and operational data. The system's operational optimization is evaluated with a total score of 10 points, and the scores are calculated and accumulated according to the following rules.

a) 5 points are awarded for conducting energy efficiency assessments or energy conservation and carbon reduction audits within the past year;

b) Develop and implement a plan for continuous improvement of equipment or system energy efficiency, 5 points.

9.2.4 Regional energy network security system operation and maintenance, with a total score of 8 points, scored and accumulated according to the following rules.

a) The regional energy network security system adopts a multi-layered network architecture, earning 2 points;

b) The regional energy network security system has reasonable redundancy, and the main controller uses a redundant controller, earning 2 points;

c) The regional energy network security system has the capability to operate in isolation or has an independent firewall, earning 2 points;

d) Conduct regular daily maintenance and inspections of the system's data server, data acquisition gateway, monitoring and metering systems, communication lines, and other software and hardware. Inspection, virus protection, upgrade and management, 2 points.

9.2.5 The water quality and water consumption records of the energy system are complete and accurate. The total evaluation score is 4 points, scored and accumulated according to the following rules.

a) Regular water quality monitoring with complete and accurate records earns 2 points;

b) Complete and accurate records of water consumption from low-grade heat sources such as sewage, reclaimed water, surface water, and groundwater, as well as system replenishment water, will earn 2 points.

9.3 Service Management

9.3.1 The operation and management unit has the energy management system certification specified in GB/T 23331 and GB/T 2589, and gets 6 points.

9.3.2 Implement an energy management incentive mechanism that links management performance with energy conservation and improved economic efficiency, earning 6 points.

9.3.3 Establish a service information system and achieve 3 of the following functions to get 4 points; achieve 5 to get 8 points; achieve 7 to get 12 points.

a) Functions for applying for and processing energy service business.

b) Payment and payment history information query function.

c) Repair request, appointment, and progress tracking functions.

d) Online consultation function.

e) Complaint handling function.

f) Notification function for information such as power supply failure and emergency repair.

g) Other information reminder functions.

9.3.4 Provide high-quality energy supply services with a user-oriented approach. The total score is 11 points, and the scores are calculated and accumulated according to the following rules.

a) A 100% emergency repair response rate for energy supply facilities earns 3 points;

b) A 100% timely complaint handling rate earns 3 points;

c) 100% repair response rate, 3 points;