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GB/T 46253-2025Level 1C data format of polar orbiting meteorological satellite atmospheric vertical sounding data — Radiance (English PDF)

极轨气象卫星大气垂直探测资料L1C数据格式　辐射率

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Issued by

SAMR; SAC

Level / Type

National · Recommended

Issue date

October 5, 2025

Implementation date

February 1, 2026

Scope

GB/T 46253-2025 is the English-translated version of 极轨气象卫星大气垂直探测资料L1C数据格式　辐射率.

GB/T 46253-2025 is the Chinese national standard covering the L1C radiance product of a sounder — the calibrated and geolocated spectra, the channel definitions and the quality flags, the metadata about the instrument state, and the file structure a forecast model reads directly. The vertical sounders are the largest single source of data assimilated into a global weather model. First edition, under the China Meteorological Administration. In force from 1 February 2026. Issued on 5 October 2025, it has been in force since 1 February 2026.

Document preview — GB/T 46253-2025

National Standard of the People's Republic of China

ICS: 07.060
Classification: A 47

Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of the PRC

PrefaceIII
1 Scope1
2 Normative References1
3 Terms and Definitions1
4 Abbreviations1
5 Contents of L1C emissivity data3
6 Data Format3
Appendix A (Informative) Commonly Used Satellites, Instrument Identifiers, Channels, and Scan Point Counts11
Appendix B (Normative) Meaning of L1C Data Elements12
Appendix C (Normative) L1C Data BUFR Encoding Code Table Meaning13
References16

Foreword

This document complies with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Standardization Work Guidelines Part 1: Structure and Drafting Rules of Standardization Documents". Drafting.

Please note that some content in this document may involve patents. The issuing organization of this document assumes no responsibility for identifying patents.

This document was proposed by the China Meteorological Administration.

This document is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Standardization of Satellite Meteorology and Space Weather (SAC/TC347).

This document was drafted by: China Meteorological Administration Earth System Numerical Prediction Center, National Meteorological Information Center, National University of Defense Technology, and National Satellite...

Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Administration Meteorological Cadre Training Academy.

The main drafters of this document are: Xi Shuang, Xue Lei, Ma Gang, Long Zhiyong, Gong Xinya, and Ji Cuiling.

Atmospheric vertical sounding data from polar-orbiting meteorological satellites L1C data format radiometry

1 Scope

This document specifies the content and format of the L1C emissivity data from atmospheric vertical sounding of polar-orbiting meteorological satellites.

This document applies to the processing, exchange, and application of L1C emissivity data from atmospheric vertical sounding of domestic and international polar-orbiting meteorological satellites, and is also applicable to...

Processing, exchanging, and applying L1C radiometric data from polar-orbiting satellite imagers.

2 Normative references

This document has no normative references.

3 Terms and Definitions

The following terms and definitions apply to this document.

3.1

A method of obtaining the vertical distribution of atmospheric elements and states based on satellite remote sensing technology.

3.2 radiance

The radiant flux of a radiation source within a unit solid angle over a unit projected area.

Note. The unit is watts per square meter steradian (W-m-2-sr-1).

3.3

The absolute temperature of a blackbody when the radiation power of a gray body is equal to the radiation power of a blackbody. Note. The unit is Kelvin (K).

3.4 L1C data; Level1Cdata

Emissivity data from atmospheric vertical sounding by meteorological satellites.

Note 1.Includes brightness temperature, scan point observation time, scan point geographic information, observation geometric information, quality label, cloud coverage and precipitation label, etc.

Note 2.The applications of this data include numerical weather prediction satellite data assimilation, satellite data fusion, atmospheric parameter inversion, and weather monitoring.

4 Abbreviations

The following abbreviations apply to this document. A)

......
This preview omits tables, figures, formulas and parts of the technical clauses. The complete document — 20 pages — is available in the English PDF.

Editions of GB/T 46253

Edition	Title	Revision	Status
GB/T 46253-2025	Level 1C data format of polar orbiting meteorological satellite atmospheric vertical sounding data - Radiance	current edition	Current

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