GB/T 46023.3-2025Smart glazing used on road vehicles — Part 3: Electro-field modulated particle orientation glazing (English PDF)

3.1 Smart glazing used on road vehicles

A glazing product used on road vehicles that, under the influence or excitation of an external energy field, can alter its optical properties, such as transmission, reflection or absorption in Under given control conditions, the time required for electro-field modulated particle orientation glazing (3.4) to change from bright to dark or from dark to bright.

NOTE. the absolute value of the visible light transmittance difference corresponding to the change from bright to dark or from dark to bright is 80% of the openings of bleached and colored (3.8).

3.11 Puncture

The phenomenon of localized burning of the suspended particle dimming layer caused by discharge between electrodes under the influence of an electric field.

4.1 Appearance Quality of Dimming Area

The appearance quality of the dimming area of the electro-field modulated particle orientation glazing in both transparent and dark states shall meet the requirements of Table 1.The corresponding state or appearance characteristics required for different locations after assembly shall be agreed upon by the supply-side and the demand-side.

4.4 Ultraviolet Transmittance of Dimming Area

The ultraviolet transmittance of the dimming area shall not exceed 1.0% in the dark and transparent states.

4.5 Contrast Ratio of Dimming Area

The contrast ratio of the dimming area shall not be less than 20.If there are special requirements, they shall be agreed upon by the supply-side and the demand-side.

4.6 Deviation of Openings of Bleached and Colored of Dimming Area

The absolute value of the difference between the openings of bleached and colored of the dimming area and the explicitly stated nominal value shall not exceed 2%. If no explicitly stated nominal value is provided, it shall be agreed upon by the supply-side and the demand-side.

4.7 Color Uniformity of Dimming Area

It is expressed as color difference deltaE *𝑎𝑏 in the CIELAB uniform color space. The single-piece reflective color difference, batch reflective color difference, single-piece transmission color difference, and batch transmission color difference in the dark and transparent states of the dimming area shall all not exceed 3.0.

4.8 Perceptual Switching Time

The perceptual switching time in the dark state shall be less than 15 s, and the perceptual switching time in the transparent state shall be less than 15 s. Special requirements shall be agreed upon by the supply-side and the demand-side.

4.9 Full Switching Time

The full switching time in the dark state shall be less than 60 s, and the full switching time in the transparent state shall be less than 30 s. Special requirements shall be agreed upon by the supply-side and the demand-side.

4.10 Apparent Power

When the dimming area is no greater than 1 m2, the apparent power when power-on shall be no greater than 10.0 VA; when the dimming area is greater than 1 m2, the apparent power when powered on shall be agreed upon by the supply-side and the demand-side.

The apparent power under special environmental conditions shall be agreed upon by the supply- side and the demand-side.

4.11 Insulation Resistance

The insulation resistance value shall be no less than 50 M.

5.1 General Rules

5.1.1 Requirements for test pieces

If the inspection item does not affect the performance of the specimen, then the specimen can be used to continue testing for other items. When using specially made test pieces, the test pieces shall be of the same structure, material, and manufactured under the same process conditions as the product. The dimensions of the dimming area corresponding to test pieces of different dimensions are shown in Table 4.

5.1.2 Adjustment and control requirements for dimming area

The dimming control system and its control program shall be provided by the manufacturer and consistent with the actual operating conditions of the product, enabling the specimen to transition to the desired transmission state and remain stable. The adjustment and control requirements for the dimming area and the test results shall be simultaneously recorded.

5.1.3 Test conditions

Unless otherwise specified, the test shall be conducted under the following environmental conditions.

a) Temperature. (23  2) C;

b) Relative humidity. 40% ~ 80%.

5.2 Appearance Quality of Dimming Area

5.2.1 Specimen

Use the product as the specimen.

5.2.2 Test procedures

5.2.2.1 Connect the specimen to the dimming control system. In accordance with its control program, adjust the specimen to the dark and transparent states and maintain stability.

5.2.2.2 Under an illumination of (1,000  200) lx or in good natural or diffused light background conditions, vertically place the specimen, and at a distance of 600 mm from the specimen, visually observe it, and record any visible appearance defects. The size of point-like defects and the width of line defects are measured using a reading microscope with a division value of 0.01 mm. The length of line defects and the distance between point-like defects are measured using a steel ruler with a division value of 1 mm or a measuring instrument of equivalent accuracy.

5.3 Visible Light Transmittance and Deviation of Visible Light Transmittance of

Dimming Area

5.3.1 Specimen

Use the product or test pieces as the specimens. The size of the test pieces shall be 600 mm  600 mm, and 3 pieces shall be used.

5.3.2 Test device

Conform to the provisions of 5.3 in GB/T 5137.2-2020.

5.3.3 Test procedures

5.3.3.1 Connect the specimen to the dimming control system. In accordance with its control program, adjust the specimen to the dark and transparent states and maintain stability.

5.3.3.2 In accordance with the method specified in Chapter 5 of GB/T 5137.2-2020,

respectively measure the visible light transmittance of the center point of the specimen in the dark and transparent states. If the specimen has an explicitly stated nominal value, then, calculate the absolute value of the difference between the measurement values of the 3 specimens and the explicitly stated nominal value; if the specimen does not have an explicitly stated nominal value, then, calculate the absolute value of the difference between the measurement values of the 3 specimens and their average value, and round the result to 0.1%.

5.4 Uniformity of Visible Light Transmittance of Dimming Area

5.4.1 Specimen

Use the product or test pieces as the specimens. The size of the test pieces shall be 600 mm  600 mm, and 3 pieces shall be used.

5.4.2 Test device

Conform to the provisions of 5.3 in GB/T 5137.2-2020. ......