GB/T 45156-2024Security and resilience - Emergency management - General guidelines for the implementation of a community based disaster early warning system (English PDF)

Foreword

This document is in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Guidelines for standardization work Part 1: Structure and drafting rules for standardization documents" Drafting.

This document is modified to adopt ISO 22328-1:2020 "Safety and resilience in emergency management - Part 1: Implementation of disaster community early warning systems" User Guide.

This document has the following structural adjustments compared to ISO 22328-1:2020.

--- Appendix B corresponds to Appendix C of ISO 22328-1:2020;

--- Appendix C corresponds to Appendix D of ISO 22328-1:2020;

--- Appendix D corresponds to Appendix E of ISO 22328-1:2020;

--- Appendix E corresponds to Appendix B of ISO 22328-1:2020.

The technical differences between this document and ISO 22328-1:2020 and their reasons are as follows.

--- Changed the reference standard of terminology, replaced ISO 22300 (see Chapter 3) with the revised GB/T 44483, so as to facilitate the Application of software;

--- Changed the definitions of the terms "social vulnerability", "warning", "evacuation order" and "evacuation drill" (see 3.1, 3.2, 3.4, 3.5), and the definition in the published GB/T 41695-2022 remains consistent.

--- Changed the basis for disaster emergency response forces to carry out risk assessment, using the equivalent GB/T 24353 instead of ISO 31000 (see 4.2) to facilitate the application of this document;

--- Changed the classification of "warning levels" in "4 Establish standard operating procedures" to Level 1 (evacuation. disaster is about to occur), Level 2 (warning Level 1 (Caution. Disaster is likely to occur) to the highest level of warning, and Level 3 (Caution. Disaster is likely to occur).

Low-level warning (see 4.5.5) is consistent with my country's warning level classification practice.

The following editorial changes were made to this document.

--- Changed the standard name to coordinate with the current standard;

--- Changed the reference document "Related information on monitoring and early warning services for the public and the community" to use the modified version GB/T 40054-2021 replaces ISO 22322:2015;

--- Added the source of definitions in "Terms and Definitions";

--- Changed the corresponding warning levels in Appendix B, Appendix C and Appendix D to ensure the consistency of the document;

--- Changed the reference document of evacuation route symbols in Appendix E, replacing ISO 7001 with GB/T 10001.1-2020 and GB 2894-2008 replaces ISO 7010;

--- Changed "references", replaced international standards with adopted national standards, and added referenced national standards.

Introduction

For people living in disaster risk areas, disasters may occur at any time. Disasters often cause casualties, economic losses, and losses, social losses and environmental losses.

Disasters may be caused by natural or human factors, and there are many ways to mitigate them, such as building prevention and protection facilities.

In addition, disasters have diverse and widespread impacts, which means that such engineering Therefore, other methods are needed to effectively reduce disaster risks, such as improving Disaster preparedness thus enables disaster resilience.

The implementation of community disaster early warning systems can make individuals and communities living in disaster-prone areas more aware of the Responding or evacuating within a short period of time can reduce casualties, property, economic and environmental losses caused by disasters.

The community actively responds to disasters by citing the four key elements of community disaster early warning systems (risk assessment, knowledge dissemination and communication, monitoring and prevention).

The system provides a unified approach to developing and implementing community early warning systems, implementation procedures and related demonstrations.

and strengthen the disaster preparedness capacity of disaster-prone communities and stakeholders.

Safety and Resilience Emergency Management General Guidelines for the Implementation of Community Disaster Early Warning Systems

1 Scope

This document provides general guidance on the implementation of a disaster-based community early warning system, describes the implementation approach and procedures, and gives relevant Example.

This document applies to communities vulnerable to disasters and not to the secondary and indirect effects of disasters.

2 Normative references

The contents of the following documents constitute the essential clauses of this document through normative references in this document.

For referenced documents without a date, only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for referenced documents without a date, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.

GB/T 24353 Risk Management Guidelines (GB/T 24353-2022, ISO 31000:2018, IDT) GB/T 44483 Security and Resilience Terminology (GB/T 44483-2024, ISO 22300:2021, MOD)

3 Terms and definitions

The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 44483 and the following apply to this document.

Characteristics or conditions of individuals, groups, or infrastructure in a community that make them vulnerable to damage from a hazard.

[Source. GB/T 41695-2022, 3.3] 3.2 earlywarning Before an emergency occurs, an emergency warning is issued to the public and relevant departments based on the rules summarized in the past or the possible precursors observed.

Signals and report dangerous situations to avoid hazards from happening without knowledge or preparation, thereby minimizing the damage caused by hazards.

loss behavior.

[Source. GB/T 41695-2022, 3.4] 3.3 Community EWS A method of communicating information to the public by establishing channels within the institutional, political, legal and social environment.

Note. The early warning system includes functions such as disaster risk knowledge, prevention, risk reduction, emergency preparedness, monitoring and early warning services, dissemination and communication.

evacuation command

A series of instructions issued to the evacuees.

[Source. GB/T 41695-2022, 3.7]