GB/T 44130.1-2024Charging and battery swap service information exchange for electric vehicles - Part 1: General (English PDF)

Foreword

This document was issued on 28 May 2024 by the State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of the PRC and takes effect on 1 September 2024.

It is a GB/T standard: recommended rather than compulsory, but it is the text a Chinese reviewer applies when assessing a submission.

1 Scope

GB/T 44130.1-2024 is the general part of the Chinese standard for exchanging charging and battery swap service information for electric vehicles. China has the largest charging network in the world and the only substantial battery swap networks, operated by many companies whose systems must nonetheless present a single service to a driver who wants to find a working charger, start a session and be billed once. This part establishes the framework for that: the participants in the service and the relationships between them, the information exchange model and the business processes it supports, the general requirements on the interfaces, the data and its identification, the security and the conformance, providing the structure that the later parts populate with the detailed message definitions. It takes effect on 1 September 2024.

This document specifies the overall requirements for charging and battery swap service

information exchange for electric vehicles, including the charging and battery swap

service information exchange architecture, information exchange process, information

exchange functions and information exchange security mechanism.

This document applies to information exchange between charging and battery swap

service platforms that have the need to exchange charging and battery swap service

information, and between charging and battery swap service platforms and other

systems and equipment.

2 Normative references

The provisions of the following documents constitute the essential clauses of this

document through normative references in this text. Among them, for referenced

documents with dates, only the versions corresponding to the dates are applicable to

this document; for referenced documents without dates, the latest versions (including

all amendments) are applicable to this document.

GB/T 19596 Terminology of electric vehicles

GB/T 29317 Terminology of electric vehicle charging/battery swap infrastructure

GB/T 32100 Coding rule of the unified social credit identifier for legal entities and

other organizations

GB/T 32960.3 Technical specifications of remote service and management system

for electric vehicles - Part 3: Communication protocol and data format

RFC 3986 Uniform Resource Identifier (URI): Generic Syntax

3 Terms and definitions

The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 19596, GB/T 29317 and the following apply

to this document.

3.1 electric vehicle driver

Electric vehicle users who replenish energy for their electric vehicles through charging

and battery swap facilities.

3.2 charging and battery swap service

The services provided by operators to electric vehicle drivers, which include identity

recognition and authentication, charging and battery replacement, payment &

settlement, etc.

3.3 electric vehicle charging service operation network

A collection of hardware, software, and processes that provide relevant services of

charging and battery swap for electric vehicles and their users.

NOTE: It is referred to as the operation service network and consists of charging and battery swap

infrastructure and charging and battery swap service platforms.

3.3.1 electric vehicle charging service infrastructure

The charging and battery swap equipment, supporting equipment, power distribution-

related equipment, and parking service equipment such as ground locks and barriers

that are needed to provide support for a series of services for electric vehicles and users.

NOTE: It is referred to as charging and battery swap infrastructure.

3.3.2 charging and battery swap service platform

A support system that collects, processes and manages electric vehicle information and

electric vehicle infrastructure information, and provides users with charging and battery

swap services, business management and information service functions.

NOTE: It is referred to as the service platform.

3.4 charging and battery swap service operator

Providers of charging and battery swap services for electric vehicle drivers.

NOTE: Charging and battery swap service operators include charging and battery swap infrastructure

operators and charging and battery swap service platform operators.

3.4.1 charging and battery swap infrastructure operator

The main unit responsible for the operation, maintenance and service of electric vehicle

charging and battery swap infrastructure.

NOTE: It is abbreviated as the infrastructure operator.

3.4.2 charging and battery swap service platform operator

Operators that provide operation monitoring, operation management, business services,

information services and other services of the charging and battery swap service

network through the charging and battery swap service platform.

NOTE: It is referred to as the platform operator.

3.5 charging and battery swap service roaming

The process by which one operator provides charging and battery swap services to

another operator's registered users.

3.5.1 charge station operator; CSO

During the roaming process of charging and battery swap services, the platform

operator who provides electric vehicle drivers with electric vehicle charging service

infrastructure.

3.5.2 charge service provider; CSP

During the roaming process of charging and battery swap services, the platform

operator where electric vehicle drivers register to join the network, who provides

account management, information services and customer service support for electric

vehicle drivers.

3.6 charging and battery swap service common information

Electric vehicle charging and battery swap service directory information involved in

electric vehicle charging and battery swap services.

NOTE 1: It includes charging and battery swap service operator information, charging and battery swap

station information, charging and battery swap equipment information, etc.

NOTE 2: It is referred to as common information.

3.6.1 charging and battery swap service directory information

A directory of basic information involved in electric vehicle charging and battery swap

services.

NOTE 1: It includes device identification, name, location, coordinates, service disclosure information

and status, etc.

NOTE 2: It is abbreviated as resource information.

3.6.2 charging and battery swap service statistics information

An independently operated platform that exchanges information with the electric

vehicle charging and battery swap service platform, which is an information system that

provides a series of comprehensive and professional services for electric vehicle drivers.

3.11.2 third-party management platform

An independently operated platform that exchanges information with the electric

vehicle charging and battery swap service platform, which is an information service

system that provides supervision, evaluation and promotion functions for government

and industry management.

3.12 electric vehicle operation services platform

A support system for collecting and processing operating information and operating

management of electric vehicles, providing information services to networked users.

3.13 electric vehicle parking services platform

A support system for collecting and processing the parking space information used by

electric vehicles and operating management, providing parking space information

services for electric vehicle drivers.

3.14 Information exchange function unit

A functional unit that provides information exchange in the electric vehicle charging

service operation network.

NOTE: It includes hardware infrastructure and software systems.

3.15 charging and battery swap service accounting agreement

The rules and agreements for settlement business between different operators.

NOTE: It is referred to as a settlement agreement.

4 Information exchange system

4.1 General requirements

The various business roles and information exchange functional entities involved in

electric vehicle charging and battery swap services shall exchange information through

standardized interfaces under the principles of normality, safety and effectiveness, and

work together to provide charging and battery swap services to electric vehicle drivers.

4.4 Layering

4.4.1 Information Access Layer (EVAC Layer)

The information access layer is composed of electric vehicle drivers and various

information terminals, including QR codes, electric vehicles, smart terminals, smart

cards and other devices or modules, providing user identity recognition and user

terminal service interaction functions.

4.4.2 Infrastructure Layer (EVIE Layer)

The infrastructure layer consists of various charging and battery swap equipment, non-

vehicle charging and battery swap motors and other charging and battery swap

equipment. The charging and battery swap infrastructure is connected to the charging

and battery swap service platform, and interacts with various terminals in the

information access layer in real time to complete the transmission of electrical energy

to electric vehicles.

4.4.3 Operation Service Layer (EVSOP Layer)

The operation service layer consists of the charging and battery swap service platform,

the electric vehicle operation services platform, the settlement platform and the electric

vehicle parking services platform. Each platform forms an operation service network

through mutual collaboration to provide users with complete charging and battery swap

services. Among them, the settlement platform is responsible for the settlement services

between different operators.

4.4.4 Data Sharing Layer (EVDSS Layer)

The data sharing layer is composed of a third-party management platform and a third-

party charging services platform. The information statistics, industry management,

charging and battery swap services and other functions provided by the charging and

battery swap infrastructure operation service network can be used to achieve cross-

platform data sharing.

4.5 Core functions

The core functions of electric vehicle charging and battery swap service information

exchange include:

-- Function units exchange information through the interfaces specified in this

series of standards to jointly complete charging and battery swap services within

an operator or between different operators;

-- Charging and battery swap business services: complete the information exchange

of charging and battery swap processes between different charging and battery

swap service platforms.

-- Charging and battery swap order service: complete the information exchange of

charging and battery swap transaction records between different charging and

battery swap service platforms.

-- Order reconciliation and settlement services: complete the exchange of

reconciliation and settlement information between different charging and

battery swap service platforms.

4.6.5 Ipay interface

The Ipay interface defines the business information exchange interface between the

charging and battery swap service platform and the payment platform.

4.6.6 Iev interface

The Iev interface defines the business information exchange interface between the

charging and battery swap service platform and the electric vehicle operation services

platform, realizing the data fusion and coordination function of vehicle information and

charging and battery swap information.

4.6.7 Ipark interface

Ipark interface defines the information exchange interface between the charging and

battery swap service platform and the parking service management platform, realizing

the data fusion and coordination function of vehicle parking information and charging

and battery swap information.

4.6.8 Idev interface

The Idev interface defines the information exchange interface between the charging and

battery swap infrastructure and the charging and battery swap service platform, and

realizes the communication message interaction and parsing functions between the

charging and battery swap infrastructure and the charging and battery swap service

platform.

4.6.9 Isuper interface

The Isuper interface defines the extended business information exchange interface

between the charging and battery swap service platform and the third-party services and

management platform. On the basis of common information exchange, it realizes the

multi-application information interaction extension between the electric vehicle

charging and battery swap service platform and different third-party services and

management platforms.

5 Information exchange process

5.1 Common information exchange process

5.1.1 Release process

The charging and battery swap service platform publishes information on managed

equipment and provides infrastructure discovery and search functions.

5.1.2 Query process

The charging and battery swap service platform provides the infrastructure status to

other charging and battery swap service platforms and third-party services and

management platforms for queries.

5.2 Business information exchange process

5.2.1 Basic process of identity recognition

The user credentials provided by the electric vehicle driver are used to obtain identity

authentication on the charge service provider platform and obtain charging and battery

swap service credentials.

5.2.2 Charging and battery swap start and stop process

The electric vehicle drivers notify the charge station operator platform to start and stop

charging and battery swap through the charge service provider platform.

5.2.3 Payment process for charging and battery swap transactions

After the charging and battery swap is completed, the charge station operator platform

generates the charging and battery swap transaction information and submits it to the

charge service provider platform. The charge service provider platform completes the

charging and battery swap transaction payment based on the user's payment attributes.

After the deduction is successful, the information is returned to the charge station

operator and the electric vehicle driver is notified.

5.2.4 Transaction settlement process

The charge station operator submits the transaction reconciliation information to the

charge service provider platform, and the two parties verify the information data. After

the verification is completed, the settlement is completed in accordance with the

Business information exchange shall have the following basic functions.

a) Platform authentication: Platform authentication service provides

authentication functions between platforms. Before exchanging information

between platforms, they need to complete platform authentication and obtain

platform exchange capabilities.

b) User authentication: The front-end equipment of different operators can

identify the identity of operators' customers. Through the interactive interface

of both platforms, the customer identity of cross-operators can be identified,

the legitimacy and validity of the identity can be verified, and charging and

battery swap services can be provided after obtaining the authentication and

permission of the infrastructure operator.

c) Equipment authentication: Different operators implement cross-operator

equipment identification through the interactive interface of both platforms,

verify the legality and validity of the equipment, and provide charging and

battery swap services after obtaining the authentication and permission from

the infrastructure operator.

d) Business strategy: The functions of facing business strategy such as customer

exchange rates between different operators, and verifying the user's service

package, balance, service content, etc.

e) Charging and battery swap services: Charging and battery swap equipment of

different operators provide customers with the functions of starting charging

and battery swap, querying the charging and battery swap process, stopping

charging and battery swap, and notifying execution results.

f) Charging and battery swap orders: The equipment-owning operator generates

a charging and battery swap consumption information order, provides it to the

charge service provider and obtains confirmation. The charge service provider

then deducts the fees based on the charging and battery swap order information.

The charging and battery swap consumption orders formed by cross-operator

customers are retained by both parties to form a reconciliation mechanism.

g) Order reconciliation and settlement: Operator A and Operator B complete the

settlement process based on the signed settlement agreement, charging and

battery swap order information and service accounting agreement.

6.2.3 Transmission mechanism

The business information exchange transmission mechanism adopts a request-response

model. One party of the platforms participating in the information exchange acts as the

service requester, and the other party acts as the service responder. The service requester

makes a service request to the service responder, and the service responder provides

service execution in accordance with the specifications and responds to the requester

with the response result.

The platform authentication service provides authentication functions between

platforms and supports distributed authentication mode and central exchange

authentication mode.

The business information exchange function content covers the exchange function,

exchange format, sending frequency, and data structure definition.